Answer and Explanation:
The journal entries are shown below
On 15-Apr
FICA social Security tax payable Dr. $3,020
FICA medicare tax payable Dr. $734
Federal Income tax payableDr. $4,622
To Cash account $8,376
(Being cash paid)
on 15-Apr
State Unemployment tax payable Dr.$414
to Cash account $414
(being cash paid)
On 15-Apr
Federal Unemployment tax payable Dr. $84
To Cash account $84
(being cash paid is recorded)
Bethany Jones is a real estate agent who specializes in the luxury home market in the Orlando, FL, area. Bethany is highly technical and uses many types of online marketing techniques to increase business. One of most successful online marketing techniques is to place a rectangular graphic display along the top of real estate websites and luxury custom furniture websites. What type of marketing technique is Bethany using
Answer:
a Banner Ad
Explanation:
The type of marketing technique that Bethany is using is known as a Banner Ad. This is one of many types of ads that can be found on websites. Banner Ads are usually located at the top of the website and are shaped as long rectangles. They are also the most popular type of website ads since they are the biggest and most upfront, meaning that it is usually the first thing that visitors to the site see. This ultimately leads to the largest possible number of viewers of the ads, which in term translates to a high click through rate.
The privately-owned school system in Smalltown has a virtually unlimited capacity. It accepts all applicants and operates on both tuition and private donations. Although every resident places value on having an educated community, the school's revenues have suffered lately due to a large decline in private donations from the elderly population. Since the benefit that each citizen receives from having an educated community is a public good, which of the following would not be correct?
a. The free-rider problem causes the private market to undersupply education to the community
b. The govemment can potentially help the market reach a socially optimal level of education.
c. A tax increase to pay for education could potentially make the community better off.
d. The private market is the best way to supply education.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The privately-owned school system in Smalltown generates positive externality to members of SmalltownA good has positive externality if the benefits to third parties not involved in production is greater than the cost. an example of an activity that generates positive externality is research and development. Due to the high cost of R & D, they are usually under-produced. Government can encourage the production of activities that generate positive externality by granting subsidies.
The free rider problem is a form of market failure. It occurs when people benefit from a good or service of communal nature and do not pay to enjoy these services.
The free rider has caused a decline in revenues and did not cause the private market to undersupply education to the community
Suppose a commercial bank has checkable deposits of $80,000 and the legal reserve ratio is 20 percent. If the bank's required and excess reserves are equal, then its actual reserves
Answer: $32000
Explanation:
The required reserves will be calculated as:
= Checkable deposit × Legal reserve ratio
= $80000 × 20%
= $16000
Excess reserves = $16000
Actual reserves will now be:
= Required reserves + Excess reserves
= $16,000 + $16,000
= $32,000
Hocker Company issues $200,000 of ten-year, 8% bonds to yield 10% on January 1, 20X1. The bonds pay interest annually on December 31. The bonds were sold at a discount of $24,578. The bond interest expense for 20X1 is:
Answer:
$16,000.
$17,542.
$20,000.
Explanation:
It just is
The bonds were sold at a discount of $24,578. The bond interest expense for 20X1 is $16,000, $17,542, $20,000.
What is a bond?A bond is a sort of security used in finance where the issuer owes the holder a debt and is required, depending on the terms, to repay the principal and interest on the bond at the maturity date.
The interest is typically due at predetermined intervals, such semiannually, annually, and less frequently at various times.
A bond is therefore a type of loan or IOU. With the help of bonds, the borrower can finance long-term investments or, in the case of government bonds, current expenses.
Although both stocks and bonds are considered securities, stockholders have an equity ownership in a corporation, whereas bondholders have a creditor stake.
Bondholders have precedence over stockholders in terms of debt. In the event of bankruptcy, they will receive payment before stockholders but after secured creditors.
Another distinction is that, unlike stocks, which often have an unlimited shelf life, bonds typically have a defined term, or maturity, after which the bond is repaid.
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Kremena's bank account earns 4.5% simple interest. How much must she deposit in the account today if she wants it to be worth $1,250 in 3 years
Answer:
$1,101.32
Explanation:
Simple interest accounts balances are calculated using the following formula
A = P ( 1 + rt)
where:
A = final account balance
P = starting balance
r = interest rate (annually) percentage divided by 100
t = years
Therefore, we can plug in the values provided in this formula and solve for P which would be the amount that Kremena needs to deposit.
1,250 = P ( 1 + (0.045 * 3))
1,250 = P * 1.135 ... divide both sides by 1.135
1,101.32 = P
Finally, we can see that Kremena would need to deposit a total of $1,101.32 to have the amount that she wants after 3 years.
At a sales volume of 34,000 units, Carne Company's sales commissions (a cost that is variable with respect to sales volume) total $741,200. To the nearest whole dollar, what should be the total sales commissions at a sales volume of 32,300 units
Answer: $704,140
Explanation:
Find the rate of commission per sales first:
= Commission / Number of units sold
= 741,200 / 34,000
= $21.80 commission per unit
If there are 32,300 units, the commission will be:
= 32,300 * 21.80
= $704,140
the cost of quality has two components: the cost of good quality. the costs for good quality are the cost of monitoring and preventing defects. the cost of poor quality are often hidden, hitting customers and departments not immediately related to production. some experts argue that:
Answer: Quality is never costless because monitoring and prevention have costs
Explanation:
The cost of quality has two parts which are the cost of prevention and the cost of failure. The cost of quality simply refers to the sum of the prevention cost and the cost of failure.
It should be noted that spending more on prevention helps in reducing the cost of failure. According to experts, quality is is never costless because monitoring and prevention have costs.
The financial records of ABC Partnership reflect the following capital account balances:
Arthur $150,000
Beatrice 350,000
Charles 100,000
Arthur, Beatrice, and Charles share equally in profits and losses. On January 1, Charles meets with Arthur and Beatrice and decides to withdraw from the partnership in return for a cash payment of $100,000.
What is the balance in Arthur's capital account after Charles' withdraw and distribution of $100,000?
Answer: $150,000
Explanation:
Charles's capital account balance is worth $100,000 which is exactly the amount of cash that will be given to him when he exits the partnership. There ware no bonuses to be given as a result.
Because of this, the other partners will keep the same capital account balances as before Charles left. Had it been that they had to pay Charles more than what his account balance was worth, the bonus would have been paid by the two remaining partners from their capital account balances.
____________ is a performance assessment in which companies identify which customers are leaving and measuring the rate at which they are leaving.
Bellevue Company has 26,000 units of inventory on hand at December 31. It sold 1,950 units which are in transit and were shipped FOB destination. Bellevue purchased 3,250 units which were shipped FOB shipping point by the seller and are still in transit. What is the total amount of inventory to which Bellevue has legal title at December 31
Answer:
24050
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the total amount of inventory to which Bellevue has legal title at December 31
Using this formula
Inventory=Inventory on hand at December 31- Units in Transit
Let plug in the formula
Inventory=26,000 units- 1,950 units
Inventory=24050
Therefore the total amount of inventory to which Bellevue has legal title at December 31 is 24050
For several years, Mountain Home University had used IBM computers. Recently, Apple Computers offered them a better machine at lower a price for one of the University's labs; however Mountain Home did not buy them because the _____ costs were too high. Group of answer choices transactional opportunity marginal switching
Answer:
switching
Explanation:
From the question we are informed about instance where by For several years, Mountain Home University had used IBM computers. Recently, Apple Computers offered them a better machine at lower a price for one of the University's labs; however in this case, Mountain Home did not buy them because the switching costs were too high. Switching costs can be regarded as the costs that a consumer pays due to switching of particular brands or products. Switching costs can appear as effort-based monetary base or time-based. Companies that has difficult-to-perfect products as well as low competition can make use of
high switching costs in order to maximize profits.
Wilson's is reviewing a project with an internal rate of return of 13.09 percent and a beta of 1.42. The market risk premium is 8.1 percent, the tax rate is 35 percent, and the risk-free rate is 2.9 percent. The firm's WACC is 12.68 percent. Will the project be accepted if the WACC is used as the discount rate for the project
Answer:
Yes, The project will be accepted.
Explanation:
Projects should be accepted when their internal rate of return is greater than the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). The WACC represents the cost or risk of the company so if the return is greater than the risk, then this will be favorable.
As the number of people holding college degrees increases, assuming the demand for college educated labor stays constant, the wages of college educated people would
Answer:
decrease
Explanation:
An increase in the supply of people with college degrees would lead to a rightward shift of the supply curve. This leads to a decrease in equilibrium wages and an increase in labour
Blue Spruce Corp. reported net income of $377000 for the year. During the year, accounts receivable increased by $27000, accounts payable decreased by $12000 and depreciation expense of $59000 was recorded. Net cash provided by operating activities for the year is
Answer:
The correct solution is "$397000".
Explanation:
Given:
Net income,
= $377000
Depreciation,
= $59000
Accounts receivable increase,
= $27000
Accounts payable decreased,
= $12000
Now,
From operating activities, the cash flow will be:
= [tex]Net \ income+ Depreciation-Account \ receivable \ increase-Accounts \ payable \ decrease[/tex]By putting the values, we get
= [tex]377000 + 59000 - 27000 - 12000[/tex]
= [tex]397000[/tex] ($)
If the total costs of producing 1,500 units of output is $13,500 and this output sold to consumers for a total of $18,000, then the firm would earn economic profits of
Answer:
$4500
Explanation:
The Economic profit is the difference between the total revenue and the explicit and implicit cost.
Hence,
Economic profit = (Total revenue - explicit cost - implicit cost)
Explicit cost =$13500
Total revenue = $18,000
Since, implicit cost isn't given, implicit cost will be taken as zero
Hence,
Economic profit = ($18,000 - $13,500)
Economic profit = $4,500
When moving up along an existing supply curve, all variables other than price are
O increasing
decreasing
O held constant
O fluctuating
When moving up along an existing supply curve, all variables other than price are held constant. Hence, Option (C) is correct.
When analyzing a supply curve, economists typically assume that all other variables except price remain constant.
This assumption allows for a simplified analysis of the relationship between price and quantity supplied, isolating the impact of price changes on supply.
In reality, numerous factors influence supply, such as input costs, technology, government regulations, and producer expectations.
However, when studying the impact of price on supply, economists use the concept of ceteris paribus (all other things being equal) to hold these other factors constant and focus solely on the relationship between price and quantity supplied.
Thus, by assuming that all other variables are constant, economists can create a simplified model that helps understand the basic behavior of supply and the upward-sloping nature of the supply curve.
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When moving up along an existing supply curve, all variables other than price are
A) increasing
B) decreasing
C) held constant
D) fluctuating
Bob sells the vegetables he grows in a farmer's market. Bob is a little disorganized and has been looking for a good way to track his sales. If Bob creates a database to track the sales of vegetables, what is the appropriate relationship between orders and products?
Answer:
The appropriate relationship between orders and products is a one-to-many relationship.
Explanation:
A one-to-many relationship simply means that one order by a customer can be for many products, vegetables in this instance. When Bob receives a customer's order for products, the customer may order more than one type of vegetables because customers buying vegetables always love variety. Therefore, the database to track the sales of vegetables may need to track one order to various datasets containing the customer's order.
For each of the following products and services, indicate whether it is more likely produced in a process operation or in a job order operation.
1. Beach towels
2. Bolts and nuts
3. Lawn chairs
4. Headphones
5. Designed patio
6. Door hardware
7. Cut flower arrangements
8. House paints
9. Concrete swimming pools
10. Custom tailored dresses
11. Grand pianos
12. Table lamps
Answer:
S/n Product and services Indication
1 Beach towels Process operation
2 Bolts and nuts Process operation
3 Lawn chairs Process operation
4 Headphones Process operation
5 Designed patio Job order operation
6 Door hardware Process operation
7 Cut flower arrangements Job order operation
8 House paints Process operation
9 Concrete swimming pools Job order operation
10 Custom tailored dresses Job order operation
11 Grand pianos Job order operation
12 Table lamps Process operation
Seating Galore sells high-end desk chairs. The variable expense per chair is $85.05 and the chairs sell for $189.00 each. The variable expense ratio for Seating Galore's chairs is
Answer:
Variable expense ratio= 0.45
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
The variable expense per chair is $85.05 and the chairs sell for $189.00 each.
To calculate the variable expense ratio, we need to use the following formula:
Variable expense ratio= variable cost per unit / selling price
Variable expense ratio= 85.05 / 189
Variable expense ratio= 0.45
On June 5, Staley Electronics purchases 100 units of inventory on account for $10 each. After closer examination, Staley determines 20 units are defective and returns them to its supplier for full credit on June 9. All remaining inventory is sold on account on June 16 for $15 each.Required:Record transactions for the purchase, return, and sale of inventory.
Answer:
See the journal entries below.
Explanation:
First, we have:
Units of inventory purchased = 100
Units of inventory returned = 20
Units of inventory sold = Units of inventory purchased - Units of inventory returned = 100 - 20 = 80
Therefore, the journal entries will be as follows:
Date Details Debit ($) Credit ($)
June 5 Inventory (100 * $10) 1,000
Accounts payable 1,000
(To inventory purchased on account.)
June 9 Accounts payable (20 * $10 ) 200
Inventory 200
(To record inventory return.)
June 16 Account receivable (80 * $15) 1,200
Sales 1200
(To record sales on account.)
Cost of goods sold (80 * $10) 800
Inventory 800
(To record cost of goods sold on account)
Situation 2: You are a Department Head* of Generation Z. You are going to arrange a session for your team.
How you communicate with a guest to take a session on behalf of our organization. The things to be aware of,
1. The guest is not familiar with you.
2. You have to manage him/her to take a session without a monetary benefit.
3. You have to Communicate with him/her through social media
4. The person is so friendly to communicate with new people.
Note: You have to manage a session for your own department. If you are in the Graphics Team then consider yourself as Graphics Designing Head and you have to arrange a session related to it.
Ans.
Answer:
As a Department Head* of Generation Z who is charged with communicating with a guest to take a session on behalf of the organization who is not familiar with me, has to communicate via social media and manage the guest to take a session without monetary benefit, then the following steps should be considered:
1. Reach out to the guest on social media
2. Explain how important his presence would be important to the company
3. Explain that his services would have to be without monetary payment
4. Discuss ways that his presence would be beneficial to his public image
Departmental information for the four departments at Samoa Industries is provided below.
Total Cost Cost Driver Square Feet Number of
Employees
Janitorial $150,000 Square footage serviced 200 40
Cafeteria 50,000 Number of employees 20,000 12
Cutting 1,125,000 4,000 120
Assembly 1,100,000 16,000 40
The Janitorial and Cafeteria departments are support departments. Samoa uses the sequential method to allocate support department costs, first allocating the costs from the Janitorial Department to the Cafeteria, Cutting, and Assembly departments.
1. Determine the dollar amount of the Janitorial Department costs to be allocated to the:
a. Cafeteria Department
b. Cutting Department
2. Determine the dollar amount of the Cafeteria Department costs to be allocated to the:
a. Cutting Department
b. Assembly Department
Answer:
Samoa Industries
1. The dollar amount of the Janitorial Department costs to be allocated to the:
a. Cafeteria Department = $75,000
b. Cutting Department = $15,000
2. The dollar amount of the Cafeteria Department costs to be allocated to the:
a. Cutting Department = $93,750
b. Assembly Department = $31,250
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Total Cost Cost Driver Square Feet Number of
Employees
Janitorial $150,000 Square footage serviced 200 40
Cafeteria 50,000 Number of employees 20,000 12
Cutting 1,125,000 4,000 120
Assembly 1,100,000 16,000 40
Allocation of Departmental Costs:
Janitorial Cafeteria Cutting Assembly
Total Costs $150,000 $50,000 $1,125,000 $1,100,000
Janitorial dept. (150,000) 75,000 15,000 60,000
Cafeteria dept. 0 (125,000) 93,750 31,250
Total allocated costs $1,233,750 $1,191,250
M Corporation has provided the following data concerning an investment project that it is considering: Initial investment $ 250,000 Annual cash flow $ 119,000 per year Expected life of the project 4 years Discount rate 8 % Click here to view Exhibit 12B-1 and Exhibit 12B-2, to determine the appropriate discount factor(s) using the tables provided. The net present value of the project is closest to:
Answer:
$144,128
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what net present value of the project is closest to:
Initial investment = $250,000
Annual cash flow = $119,000
Expected life of project (n) = 4 years
Discount rate (i) = 8%
First step is to calculate the Present value of cash flows using this formula
Present value of cash flows = Annual cash flow x Present value annuity factor (i%, n)
Let plug in the formula
Present value of cash flows= 119000 x Present value annuity factor (8%, 4)
Present value of cash flows= 119,000 x 3.312
Present value of cash flows= $394,128
Now let determine the Net present value using this formula
Net present value = Present value of cash flows - Initial investment
Let plug in the formula
Net present value= $394,128 - $250,000
Net present value=$144,128
Therefore net present value of the project is closest to:$144,128
The Milestone Decision Authority is responsible for establishing the Critical Operational Issues (COIs) that will be addressed in testing.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Use the following information for a manufacturer to compute cost of goods manufactured and cost of goods sold:
(Click the icon to view the information.)
First, compute cost of goods manufactured.
Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured
Beginning Work-in-Process Inventory $42,000
Direct Materials Used:
Beginning Direct Materials $28,000 Purchases of Direct Materials 70,000
Direct Materials Available for Use 98,000 Ending
Direct Materials (30,000)
Direct Materials Used $68,000
Direct Labor 86,000
Manufacturing Overhead 38,000
Total Manufacturing Costs Incurred during the Year 192,000
Total Manufacturing Costs to Account For 234,000
Ending Work-in-Process Inventory (35,000)
Cost of Goods Manufactured $199,000
Now compute cost of goods sold.
Cost of Goods Sold Direct Materials Available for Use 98000 Cost of Goods Manufactured 199000
Cost of Goods Available for Sale
Total Operating Costs
Cost of Goods Sold
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
First, we need to calculate the cost of goods manufactured using the following formula:
cost of goods manufactured= beginning WIP + direct materials + direct labor + allocated manufacturing overhead - Ending WIP
cost of goods manufactured= 42,000 + (28,000 + 70,000 - 30,000) + 86,000 + 38,000 - 35,000
cost of goods manufactured= $199,000
Now, the cost of goods sold:
COGS= beginning finished inventory + cost of goods manufactured - ending finished inventory
We do not have information regarding the beginning and ending finished goods inventory. But, suppose the beginning inventory equals $45,000 and the ending inventory $30,000:
COGS= 45,000 + 199,000 - 30,000
COGS= $214,000
American Industries' outstanding bonds have a 25-year maturity and $1,000 par value. Their nominal yield to maturity is 9.25%, they pay interest semiannually, and they sell at a price of $850. What is the bond's nominal coupon interest rate
Answer:
7.71%
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the bond's nominal coupon interest rate
First step is to determine the PMT using Financial calculator
FV = $1,000
N= 25 × 2 = 50 periods ( semi-annual)
i/y=9.25/2=4.63
PV= - 850
PMT=?
Hence,
PMT=38.55
Second step is to calculate the Annual coupon Payment
Annual coupon Payment =38.55x2
Annual coupon Payement= 77.10
Now let determine the bond's nominal coupon interest rate using this formula
Nominal coupon rate= Annual coupon payment/par value
Let plug in the formula
Nominal coupon rate=77.10/1000
Nominal coupon rate=7.71%
Therefore the bond's nominal coupon interest rate is 7.71%
Making a Decision as Chief Financial Officer: Contingent Liabilities
For each of the following situations, determine whether the company should (a) report a liability on the balance sheet, (b) disclose a contingent liability, or (c) not report the situation. Justify and explain your conclusions.
1. An automobile company introduces a new car. Past experience demonstrates that lawsuits will be filed as soon as the new model is involved in any accident The company can be certain that at least one jury will award damages to people injured in an accident.
2. A research scientist determines that the company’s best-selling product may infringe on another company’s patent. If the other company discovers the infringement and suit, your company could lose millions.
3. As part of land development for a new housing project, your company has polluted lake. Under state law, you must clean up the lake once you complete development project will take five to eight years to complete. Current estimates indicate it will cost $2 to $3 million to clean up the lake.
4. Your Company has just been notified that it lost a product liability lawsuit for $1 million that it plans to appeal. Management is confident that the company will on appeal, but the lawyears belive that it will lose.
5. A key customer is unhappy with the quality of a major construction project. The company belives that the customer is being unreasonable but, to maintain goodwill, has decided to do $250,000 in next year.
Answer:
sry need points
Explanation:
Bloom Corporation purchased $1,450,000 of Taylor Company 5% bonds, at their face amount, with the intent and ability to hold the bonds until they matured in 2025, so Bloom classifies its investment as AFS. Unfortunately, a combination of problems at Taylor Company and in the debt securities market caused the fair value of the Taylor investment to decline to $960,000 during 2021.
Required:
For each of the following scenarios, prepare appropriate entry(s) at December 31, 2018, and indicate how the scenario will affect the 2018 income statement (ignoring income taxes).
a. Bloom now believes it is more likely than not that it will have to sell the Taylor bonds before the bonds have a chance to recover their fair value. Of the $490,000 decline in fair value, Bloom attributes $295,000 to credit losses, and $195,000 to noncredit losses.
b. Bloom does not plan to sell the Taylor bonds prior to maturity, and does not believe it is more likely than not that it will have to sell the Taylor bonds before the bonds have a chance to recover their fair value. Of the $490,000 decline in fair value, Bloom attributes $295,000 to credit losses, and $195,000 to noncredit losses.
Answer:
a. Dr OTT impairment loss $490,000
Cr Discount on bond investment $490,000
Income statement -$490,000
B.Dr OTT impairment loss $295,000
Cr Discount on bond investment $295,000
Dr OTT impairment loss - other comprehensive income $195,000
Cr Fair value adjustment - non credit losses $195,000
Income statement-$295,000
Explanation:
a. Prepare of the appropriate entry(s) at December 31, 2018 and indication for how the scenario will affect the 2018 income statement
31.12.21
Dr OTT impairment loss $490,000
Cr Discount on bond investment $490,000
(To record impairment loss of investment)
Effect on net income : Earnings are reduced by $490,000
INCOME STATEMENT
Other than temporary impairment loss - $490,000
b. Prepare of the appropriate entry(s) at December 31, 2018 and indication for how the scenario will affect the 2018 income statement
31.12.2021
Dr OTT impairment loss $295,000
Cr Discount on bond investment $295,000
(To record credit losses of impairment of investment)
31.12.2021
Dr OTT impairment loss - other comprehensive income $195,000
Cr Fair value adjustment - non credit losses $195,000
(To record non - credit losses of impairment loss of investment)
Effort net income : Earnings are reduced by
INCOME STATEMENT
Other than temporary impairment loss -$490,000
Less : Portion recognized in other comprehensive income $195,000
Other than temporary recognized in earnings -$295,000
You are given the following data Stock A Expected return 8.00% Standard deviation 23.00% Stock B Expected return 7.50% Standard deviation 33.00% The correlation of Stock A and Stock B is 0.05. What is the variance of risky portfolio P with 43% in Stock A and the rest in Stock B
Answer:
Variance of risky portfolio P = 4.61%
Explanation:
WA = Weight of stock A = 43%, or 0.43
WB = Weight of stock B = 1 - 0.43 = 0.57
SA = Standard deviation of stock A = 23%, or 0.23
SB = Standard deviation of stock B = 33%, or 0.33
Cab = Correlation of Stock A and Stock B = 0.05
Therefore, we have:
Variance of risky portfolio P = (WA^2 * SA^2) + (WB^2 * SB^2) + (WA * SA * WB * SB * Cab) = (0.43^2 * 0.23^2) + (0.57^2 * 0.33^2) + (0.43 * 0.23 * 0.57 * 0.33 * 0.05) = 0.0461, or 4.61%
What IHRM activities would be pertinent to the sending, by Médecins Sans Frontieres, of a medical team into a country such as Bangladesh?
Answer:
Human resource management is responsible for strategically managing labor relations in an organization so that its goals and objectives are achieved. The HR department is responsible for providing employees with working conditions, training and ideal remuneration so that the work is carried out in a legal, fair and ethical manner, so that there is an organizational culture in the company that favors communication and interpersonal relationships.
In the case of sending an average team to a country like Bangladesh, it would be necessary for HRM to play an essential role in meeting the needs of its employees in a foreign country, considering that Bangladesh is a country with extreme conditions of poverty and social inequality, the medical team should be well prepared by HR with adequate support and training to deal with adverse conditions such as lack of social security, poverty, epidemics, and other relevant and culturally distinct issues, so that the team does not face a reality shock that makes it difficult to work and the achievement of the proposed objectives.
