Answer:
true
Explanation:
Write an INSERT statement that adds this row to the Categories table:
CategoryName: Brass
Code the INSERT statement so SQL Server automatically generates the value for the CategoryID column.
Answer:
INSERT INTO categories (CategoryName)
VALUES ('Brass Code');
Explanation:
The SQL refers to the Structured Query Language in which the data is to be designed and maintained that occurred in the relational database management system i.e it is to be used for maintaining and query the database
Now the INSERT statement should be written as follows
INSERT INTO categories (CategoryName)
VALUES ('Brass Code');
(Process scores in a text file) Suppose that a text file contains an unspecified number of scores. Write a program that reads the scores from the file and displays their total and average. Scores are separated by blanks. Your program should prompt the user to enter a filename. Here is a sample run:
Answer:
Here is the Python program:
def scores(file): # method scores that takes a file name as parameter and returns the sum and average of scores in a file
with open(file, 'r') as infile: # open the file in read mode
lines = [score.split() for score in infile] # split the scores into a list
print("The scores are:",lines) #print the scores
for line in lines: # loops through each score
total= sum(int(score) for score in line) # adds the scores
average =total/len(line) # computes average by taking sum of scores and dividing by number of scores in file
print("The sum is:", total) #prints the sum of scores
print("The average is:", "{:.2f}".format(average)) #prints the average
filename = input("Enter name of the file: ") #prompts user to enter name of file
scores(filename) #calls scores method by passing the file name to it in order to compute sum and average of file contents i.e. scores
Explanation:
It is assumed that the scores in the file are separated by a blank space.
The scores() method takes a file name as parameter. Then it opens that input file in read mode using object infile.
split() method is used to split the scores in a file into a list. Suppose the scores are 1 2 3 4 5 6 . So after the split, they become ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6']
The loop iterates through each score in the file, splits them into a list and stores this list in lines. The next print statement prints these scores in a list.
The second loop for line in lines iterates through each score of the list and the statements: total= sum(int(score) for score in line) and average =total/len(line) computes the total and average of scores.
total= sum(int(score) for score in line) statement works as follows:
for loop iterates through each element of list i.e. each score
int() converts that string element into integer.
sum() method adds the integers to compute their total.
So if we have ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6'] each element i.e. 1,2,3,4,5,6 is converted to integer by int() and then added together by sum method. So this becomes 1+2+3+4+5+6 = 21. This result is stored in total. Hence
total = 21.
average = total/len(line) works as follows:
The computed sum of scores stored in total is divided by the number of scores. The number of scores is computed by using len() method which returns the length of the line list. So len() returns 6. Hence
average = total/len(line)
= 21 / 6
average = 3.5
The next two print statement prints the value of sum and average and "{:.2f}".format(average)) prints the value of average up to 2 decimal places.
The screenshot of the program along with its output is attached.
Cloud computing gives you the ability to expand and reduce resources according to your specific service requirement.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
a. True
Explanation:
Cloud computing can be defined as a type of computing that requires shared computing resources such as cloud storage (data storage), servers, computer power, and software over the internet rather than local servers and hard drives.
Generally, cloud computing offers individuals and businesses a fast, effective and efficient way of providing services.
In Computer science, one of the most essential characteristics or advantages of cloud computing is rapid elasticity.
By rapid elasticity, it simply means that cloud computing gives you the ability to expand and reduce resources according to your specific service requirement because resources such as servers can be used to execute a particular task and after completion, these resources can then be released or reduced.
Some of the examples of cloud computing are Google Slides, Google Drive, Dropbox, OneDrive etc.
When you start your computer then which component works first?
what are the morals and ethics of computer
Answer:
Computer ethics is a part of practical philosophy concerned with how computing professionals should make decisions regarding professional and social conduct. Margaret Anne Pierce, a professor in the Department of Mathematics and Computers at Georgia Southern University has categorized the ethical decisions related to computer technology and usage into three primary influences:
The individual's own personal code.
Any informal code of ethical conduct that exists in the work place.
Exposure to formal codes of ethics.
Explanation:
In using cloud infrastructures, the client necessarily cedes control to the CP on a number of issues that may affect security
a. True
b. False
Answer:
A. True
Explanation:
The correct option is A. True.
Actually, in using cloud infrastructures, the client necessarily cedes control to the CP on a number of issues which may affect security. It may have to restrict port scans and even penetration testing. Moreover, the service level agreements may not actually guarantee commitment to offer such services on the part of the CP. This may result in leaving a gap in security defenses.
Also, when the control of the CP changes, it's evident that the terms and conditions of their services may also change which may affect security.
CHALLENGE ACTIVITY 3.7.2: Type casting: Reading and adding values.
Assign totalowls with the sum of num_owls A and num_owls_B.
Sample output with inputs: 34
Number of owls: 7
1. total_owls -
2.
3. num_owls A - input
4. num_owls_B - input
5.
6. " Your solution goes here
7.
8. print("Number of owls:', total_owls)
Answer:
total_owls = 0
num_owls_A = int(input())
num_owls_B = int(input())
total_owls = num_owls_A + num_owls_B
print("Number of owls:", total_owls)
Explanation:
Initialize the total_owls as 0
Ask the user to enter num_owls_A and num_owls_B, convert the input to int
Sum the num_owls_A and num_owls_B and set it to the total_owls
Print the total_owls
avg_owls=0.0
num_owls_zooA = int(input())
num_owls_zooB = int(input())
num_owls_zooC = int(input())
num_zoos = 3
avg_owls = (num_owls_zooA + num_owls_zooB + num_owls_zooC) / num_zoos
print('Average owls per zoo:', int(avg_owls))
There is a problem while you are trying the calculate the average owls per zoo.
As you may know, in order to calculate the average, you need to get the total number of owls in all the zoos, then divide it to the number of zoos. That is why you need to sum num_owls_zooA + num_owls_zooB + num_owls_zooC and divide the result by num_zoos
Be aware that the average is printed as integer value. That is why you need to cast the avg_owls to an int as int(avg_owls)
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how do you run a function in python?
Review the given requirements using the checklist and discover possible problems with them. The following requirements are for a library system which is an interactive system providing access to a large document database and which allows the automated ordering and electronic delivery of documents to local and remote end-users. Some requirements for this system are: Req. 1 The user interface shall be html. Users shall access the system via standard web browsers such as Netscape and Internet Explorer. Req. 2 The system shall primarily an end-user system. Users shall use the system within the constraints of the permissions assigned by the administrator to identify, locate, order and receive documents. Req. 3 Users shall communicate with the system mainly via the html interface. Req. 4 User shall provide input to the system via the html interface. Req. 5 The system shall give output to the user via the html interface, email and print. The print output shall mainly be documents.
Answer:
Redundancy
Req. 1 and Req. 3 are seemed to say the same thing. We need to remove the first sentence in Req. 1
Conflict and understandability
Req. 1 states that access is through web browser while Req. 4 states that access is via html. We have to re-write the Req. 3 to make it clear that users do not actually have to write directly html to communicate with the system.
Completeness
Req. 5 states that print out will “mainly” be documents. What else might be printed? What other inputs will be produced?
Either remove mainly or clarify other print out.
What version of html or web browser is assumed in Req. 1 and Req. 3?
Explanation:
Write a program that reads the input.txt file character by character and writes the content of the input file to output.txt with capitalize each word (it means upper case the first letter of a word and lowercase remaining letters of the word)
Answer:
def case_convertfile( file_name):
with open(" new_file","x") as file:
file.close( )
with open("file_name", "r") as txt_file:
while True:
word = txt_file.readline( )
word_split= word.split(" ")
for word in word_split:
upper_case = word.uppercase( )
file= open("new_file","w+")
file= open("new_file","a+")
file.write(upper_case)
txt_file.close( )
file.close( )
Explanation:
This python function would open an existing file with read privilege and a new file with write and append privileges read and capitalize the content of the old file and store it in the new file.
What will be assigned to the variable s_string after the following code executes? special = '1357 Country Ln.' s_string = special[ :4] Group of answer choices
Answer:
s_string = 1357
Explanation:
character: index
1: 0
3: 1
5: 2
7: 3
: 4
C: 5
o: 6
u: 7
n: 8
t: 9
r: 10
y: 11
: 12
L: 13
n: 14
. : 15
s_tring = special[:4]
s_tring = special[0] + special[1] + special[2] + special[3]
s_string = 1357
Consider the following Stack operations:
push(d), push(h), pop(), push(f), push(s), pop(), pop(), push(m).
Assume the stack is initially empty, what is the sequence of popped values, and what is the final state of the stack? (Identify which end is the top of the stack.)
Answer:
Sequence of popped values: h,s,f.
State of stack (from top to bottom): m, d
Explanation:
Assuming that stack is initially empty. Suppose that p contains the popped values. The state of the stack is where the top and bottom are pointing to in the stack. The top of the stack is that end of the stack where the new value is entered and existing values is removed. The sequence works as following:
push(d) -> enters d to the Stack
Stack:
d ->top
push(h) -> enters h to the Stack
Stack:
h ->top
d ->bottom
pop() -> removes h from the Stack:
Stack:
d ->top
p: Suppose p contains popped values so first popped value entered to p is h
p = h
push(f) -> enters f to the Stack
Stack:
f ->top
d ->bottom
push(s) -> enters s to the Stack
Stack:
s ->top
f
d ->bottom
pop() -> removes s from the Stack:
Stack:
f ->top
d -> bottom
p = h, s
pop() -> removes f from the Stack:
Stack:
d ->top
p = h, s, f
push(m) -> enters m to the Stack:
Stack:
m ->top
d ->bottom
So looking at p the sequence of popped values is:
h, s, f
the final state of the stack:
m, d
end that is the top of the stack:
m
What is the quick key to highlighting a column?
Ctrl + down arrow
Ctrl + Shift + down arrow
Right-click + down arrow
Ctrl + Windows + down arrow
The quick key to highlighting a column is the Ctrl + Shift + down arrow. Thus, option (b) is correct.
What is column?The term column refers to how data is organized vertically from top to bottom. Columns are groups of cells that are arranged vertically and run from top to bottom. A column is a group of cells in a table that are vertically aligned. The column is the used in the excel worksheet.
The quick key for highlighting a column is Ctrl + Shift + down arrow. To select downward, press Ctrl-Shift-Down Arrow. To pick anything, use Ctrl-Shift-Right Arrow, then Ctrl-Shift-Down Arrow. In the Move/Highlight Cells, the was employed. The majority of the time, the excel worksheet was used.
As a result, the quick key to highlighting a column is the Ctrl + Shift + down arrow. Therefore, option (b) is correct.
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Answer:
its (B) ctrl+shift+down arrow
hope this helps <3
Explanation:
A machine on a 10 Mbps network is regulated by a token bucket algorithm with a fill rate of 3 Mbps. The bucket is initially filled to capacity at 3MB. How long can the machine transmit at the full 10 Mbps capacity
What will be displayed after the following code executes? mystr = 'yes' yourstr = 'no' mystr += yourstr * 2 print(mystr)
Answer:
yesnono
Explanation:
mystr = 'yes'
yourstr = 'no'
mystr += yourstr * 2
mystr = "yes"yourstr * 2 = "no"+"no"yes + no+noyesnonoDevelop a CPP program to test is an array conforms heap ordered binary tree. This program read data from cin (console) and gives an error if the last item entered violates the heap condition. Use will enter at most 7 numbers. Example runs and comments (after // ) are below. Your program does not print any comments. An output similar to Exp-3 and Exp-4 is expected.
Exp-1:
Enter a number: 65
Enter a number: 56 // this is first item (root,[1]) in the heap three. it does not violate any other item. So, no // this is third [3] number, should be less than or equal to its root ([1])
Enter a number: 45 // this is fourth number, should be less than or equal to its root ([2])
Enter a number: 61 // this is fifth number, should be less than or equal to its root ([2]). It is not, 61 > 55. The 61 violated the heap.
Exp-2:
Enter a number: 100
Enter a number: 95 1/ 95 < 100, OK
Enter a number: 76 // 76 < 100, OK
Enter a number: 58 // 58 < 95, OK
Enter a number: 66 1/ 66 < 95, OK
Enter a number: 58 // 58 < 76, OK
Enter a number: 66 // 66 < 76, OK
Exp-3:
Enter a number: -15
Enter a number: -5
-5 violated the heap.
Exp-4:
Enter a number: 45
Enter a number: 0
Enter a number: 55
55 violated the heap.
Answer:
Following are the code to this question:
#include<iostream>//import header file
using namespace std;
int main()//defining main method
{
int ar[7];//defining 1_D array that stores value
int i,x=0,l1=1,j; //defining integer variable
for(i=0;i<7;i++)//defining for loop for input value from user ends
{
cout<<"Enter a Number: ";//print message
cin>>ar[i];//input value in array
if(l1<=2 && i>0)//using if block that checks the array values
{
x++;//increment the value of x by 1
}
if(l1>2 && i>0)//using if block that checks the array values
{
l1=l1-2;//using l1 variable that decrases the l1 value by 2
}
j=i-x;//using j variable that holds the index of the root of the subtree
if(i>0 && ar[j]>ar[i])// use if block that checks heap condition
{
l1++; //increment the value of l1 variable
}
if(i>0 && ar[j]<ar[i])// using the if block that violate the heap rule
{
cout<<ar[i]<<" "<<"Violate the heap";//print message with value
break;//using break keyword
}
}
return 0;
}
Output:
1)
Enter a Number: -15
Enter a Number: -5
-5 Violate the heap
2)
Enter a Number: 45
Enter a Number: 0
Enter a Number: 55
55 Violate the heap
Explanation:
In the above-given C++ language code, an array "ar" and other integer variables " i,x,l1, j" is declared, in which "i" variable used in the loop for input values from the user end.In this loop two, if block is defined, that checks the array values and in the first, if the block it will increment the value of x, and in the second if the block, it will decrease the l1 value by 2.In the next step, j variable is used that is the index of the root of the subtree. In the next step, another if block is used, that checks heap condition, that increment the value of l1 variable. In the, if block it violate the heap rule and print its values.UAAR is planning to build in house software similar to Zoom Application. University Authorities contact with you in order to provide best solution with in limited time and limited resources in term of cost.
Describe the roles, Artifacts and activities, keeping in view Scrum process model.
Compare and contract your answer with scrum over XP for development of above mention system. Justify your answer with the help of strong reasons, why you choose scrum model over XP model. How scrum is more productive for project management. Furthermore, highlight the shortcoming of XP model.
Answer:
Following are the answer to this question:
Explanation:
If working to develop Zoom-like house software, its best solution is now in a limited period of time even with effectively reduced assets;
Evaluate all roles in preparation
Create a "Pool Draw"
Choose a singular set of resources.
Utilize Time Recording.
Concentrate on assignments and project objectives.
An object, in which by-product of the development in the software. It's created for the development of even a software program. It could include database schemas, illustrations, configuration screenplays-the list just goes on.
All development activities of Scrum are composed with one or several groups from a lineout, each containing four ruck roles:
Holder of the drug
ScrumMaster and Master
Equipment for development.
Owner of the drug
It is the motivating core of the product marketing idea, that Keeps transparent the vision about what the team member is trying to seek so that to accomplish as well as interacts to all of the other members, the project manager is responsible for the success of the way to solve being formed or retained.
ScrumMaster It operates as a mentor and providing guidance throughout the development phase, it takes a leadership position in the abolishment with impediments that also impact employee productivity and therefore have no ability to control the team, but the roles of both the project team or program manager are not quite the same thing. It works as a leader instead of the management team.
Equipe for development
The Scrum characterizes the design team as a diverse, multi-functional community of individuals who design, construct as well as evaluate the application of those who want.
In this usually 5 to 9 individuals; one's representatives should be able to make quality responsive applications collaboratively.
It is a framework that operates along with teams. It is often seen as agile project management as well as explains a set of conferences, techniques, and roles that also assist individuals to organize as well as complete their employees together. The multidisciplinary team from Scrum means that a person should take a feature from idea to completion.Scrum and XP differences:
Its team members in Scrum usually operate in the various weeks with one month-long incarnation. The XP teams generally work in incarnations which are either one two weeklong. Scrum doesn't write a prescription the certain project management; XP seems to do. Scrum may not make access to other their sprints. XP teams are far more receptive to intervention inside of their repetitions.The fact that the speed of a vehicle is lower than the prescribed limits shall relieve the driver from the duty to decrease speed when approaching and crossing an intersection. True or false
Explanation:
the answer is false ........
The fact that the speed of a vehicle is lower than the prescribed limits shall relieve the driver from the duty to decrease speed when approaching and crossing an intersection is not true.
What is intersection in the traffic rules?An intersection serves as the point where many lanes cross on the road which is a point where driver is required to follow the traffic rules.
However, the above statement is not true because , a driver can decide not decrease speed when approaching and crossing an intersection, even though it is a punishable offense in traffic rules.
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the part of the computer that contains the brain , or central processing unit , is also known the what ?
Answer:
system unit
Explanation:
A system unit is the part of a computer that contains the brain or central processing unit. The primary device such as central processing unit as contained in the system unit perform operations hence produces result for complex calculations.
The system unit also house other main components of a computer system like hard drive , CPU, motherboard and RAM. The major work that a computer is required to do or performed is carried out by the system unit. Other peripheral devices are the keyboard, monitor and mouse.
what makes''emerging technologies'' happen and what impact will they have on individuals,society,and environment
Answer:
Please refer to the below for answer.
Explanation:
Emerging technology is a term given to the development of new technologies or improvement on existing technologies that are expected to be available in the nearest future.
Examples of emerging technologies includes but not limited to block chain, internet of things, robotics, cognitive science, artificial intelligence (AI) etc.
One of the reasons that makes emerging technology happen is the quest to improving on existing knowledge. People want to further advance their knowledge in terms of coming up with newest technologies that would make task faster and better and also address human issues. For instance, manufacturing companies make use of robotics,design, construction, and machines(robots) that perform simple repetitive tasks which ordinarily should be done by humans.
Other reasons that makes emerging technology happens are economic benefit, consumer demand and human needs, social betterment, the global community and response to social problems.
Impact that emerging technology will have on;
• Individuals. The positive effect of emerging technology is that it will create more free time for individuals in a family. Individuals can now stay connected, capture memories, access information through internet of things.
• Society. Emerging technology will enable people to have access to modern day health care services that would prevent, operate, train and improving medical conditions of people in the society.
• Environment. Before now, there have been global complains on pollution especially on vehicles and emission from industries. However, emerging technology will be addressing this negative impact of pollution from vehicles as cars that are currently being produced does not use petrol which causes pollution.
what makes ''emerging technologies'' happen is the necessity for it, the need for it in the society.
The impact they will have on individuals ,society,and environment is that it will improve areas of life such as communication, Transportation, Agriculture.
What is Emerging technologies?Emerging technologies can be regarded as the technologies in which their development as will as practical applications are not yet realized.
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What are the constraints for designing small and large files and how these are resolved in different file system
Answer:
space management and buffering speed.
Explanation:
There are different types of file management systems in a computer system, examples of which are NTFS, FAT, WAFL, etc, and are governed by protocols like NFS, TFTP, FTP, etc.
These file systems are used in storages like the hard disk drive, CD and DVD, solid-state drive, etc, to organize or manage the files from boot setup, device drivers to permission-seasoned user files.
Files in storage range from small to large files, for which the schema of the file system must adjust to manage and allocate free space to other files in the future. The file system is also able to index the location of a file for retrieval to a cache memory, making buffering faster.
By using ____, you can use reasonable, easy-to-remember names for methods and concentrate on their purpose rather than on memorizing different method names.
Answer:
Polymorphism
Explanation:
If we use polymorphism so we can apply the names that could be easy to remember for the methods' purpose.
The information regarding the polymorphism is as follows:
The person has various attributes at the same timeFor example, a man could be a father, a husband, an entrepreneur at the same time.In this, the similar person has different types of behavior in different situations.Therefore we can conclude that If we use polymorphism so we can apply the names that could be easy to remember for the methods' purpose.
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Write a method named coinFlip that accepts as its parameter a string holding a file name, opens that file and reads its contents as a sequence of whitespace-separated tokens. Assume that the input file data represents results of sets of coin flips. A coin flip is either the letter H or T, or the word Heads or Tails, in either upper or lower case, separated by at least one space. You should read the sequence of coin flips and output to the console the number of heads and the percentage of heads in that line, rounded to the nearest whole number. If this percentage is 50% or greater, you should print a "You win!" message; otherwise, print "You lose!". For example, consider the following input file: H T H H T Tails taIlS tAILs TailS heads HEAds hEadS For the input above, your method should produce the following output: 6 heads (50%) You win!
Answer:
Here is the JAVA program:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException{ //the start of main() function body, it throws an exception that indicates a failed attempt to open the file
Scanner input = new Scanner(new File("file.txt")); //creates a Scanner object and a File object to open and scan through the file.txt
coinFlip(input); } //calls coinFlip method
public static void coinFlip(Scanner input) { //coinFlip method that accepts as its parameter a string input holding a file name
while(input.hasNextLine()) { //iterates through the input file checking if there is another line in the input file
Scanner scan = new Scanner(input.nextLine()); //creates a Scanner object
int head = 0; // stores count of number of heads
int count = 0; //stores count of total number of tokens
while(scan.hasNext()) { //iterates through the sequence checking if there is another sequence in the input file
String token= scan.next(); // checks and returns the next token
if (token.equalsIgnoreCase("H")||token.equalsIgnoreCase("Heads")) { //compares H or Heads with the tokens in file ignoring lower case and upper case differences
head++; } //if a token i.e. any form of heads in file matches with the H or Heads then add 1 to the number of heads
count++; } //increment to 1 to compute total number of counts
double result = Percentage(head, count); //calls Percentage method passing number of heads and total counts to compute the percentage of heads
System.out.println(head + " heads " + "(" + result +"%)"); // prints the number of heads
if(result >= 50.00) { //if the percentage is greater or equal to 50
System.out.println("You win!");} //displays this message if above if condition is true
else //if the percentage is less than 50
{System.out.println("You lose!");} } } //displays this message if above if condition is false
public static double Percentage(int h, int total) { //method to compute the percentage of heads
double p = (double)h/total* 100; // divide number of heads with the total count and multiply the result by 100 to compute percentage
return p; } } //returns result
Explanation:
The program is well explained in the comments mentioned with each line of the above code. I will explain how the method coinFlip works.
Method coinFlip accepts a string holding a file name as its parameter. It opens that file and reads its contents as a sequence of tokens. Then it reads and scans through each token and the if condition statement:
if (token.equalsIgnoreCase("H")||token.equalsIgnoreCase("Heads"))
checks if the each token in the sequence stored in the file is equal to the H or Heads regardless of the case of the token. For example if the first token in the sequence is H then this if condition evaluates to true. Then the head++ statement increments the count of head by 1. After scanning each token in the sequence the variable count is also increased to 1.
If the token of the sequence is HeAds then this if condition evaluates to true because the lower or upper case difference is ignored due to equalsIgnoreCase method. Each time a head is found in the sequence the variable head is incremented to 1.
However if the token in the sequence is Tails then this if condition evaluates to false. Then the value of head variable is not incremented to 1. Next the count variable is incremented to 1 because this variable value is always incremented to 1 each time a token is scanned because count returns the total number of tokens and head returns total number of heads in the tokens.
Percentage method is used to return the percentage of the number of heads in the sequence. It takes head and count as parameters (h and total). Computes the percentage by this formula h/total* 100. If the result of this is greater than or equal to 50 then the message You win is displayed otherwise message You lose! is displayed in output.
3. How many bytes of storage space would be required to store a 400-page novel in which each page contains 3500 characters if ASCII were used? How many bytes would be required if Unicode were used? Represent the answer in MB
Answer:
A total of 79.3mb will be needed
A direct-mapped cache holds 64KB of useful data (not including tag or control bits). Assuming that the block size is 32-byte and the address is 32-bit, find the number of bits needed for tag, index, and byte select fields of the address.
Answer:
A) Number of bits for byte = 6 bits
B) number of bits for index = 17 bits
C) number of bits for tag = 15 bits
Explanation:
Given data :
cache size = 64 kB
block size = 32 -byte
block address = 32 -bit
number of blocks in cache memory
cache size / block size = 64 kb / 32 b = 2^11 hence the number of blocks in cache memory = 11 bits = block offset
A) Number of bits for byte
[tex]log _{2} (6)^2[/tex] = 6 bits
B) number of bits for index
block offset + byte number
= 11 + 6 = 17 bits
c ) number of bits for tag
= 32 - number of bits for index
= 32 - 17 = 15 bits
Consider the following calling sequences and assuming that dynamic scoping is used, what variables are visible during execution of the last function called? Include with each visible variable the name of the function in which it was defined.a. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun2; fun2 calls fun3b. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3c. Main calls fun2; fun2 calls fun3; fun3 calls fun1d. Main calls fun3; fun3 calls fun1e. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3; fun3 calls fun2f. Main calls fun3; fun3 calls fun2; fun2 calls fun1void fun1(void);void fun2(void);void fun3(void);void main() {Int a,b,c;…}void fun1(void){Int b,c,d;…}void fun2(void){Int c,d,e;…}void fun3(void){Int d,e,f;…}
Answer:
In dynamic scoping the current block is searched by the compiler and then all calling functions consecutively e.g. if a function a() calls a separately defined function b() then b() does have access to the local variables of a(). The visible variables with the name of the function in which it was defined are given below.
Explanation:
In main() function three integer type variables are declared: a,b,c
In fun1() three int type variables are declared/defined: b,c,d
In fun2() three int type variables are declared/defined: c,d,e
In fun3() three int type variables are declared/defined: d,e,f
a. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun2; fun2 calls fun3
Here the main() calls fun1() which calls fun2() and fun2() calls func3() . This means first the func3() executes, then fun2(), then fun1() and last main()
Visible Variable: d, e, f Defined in: fun3
Visible Variable: c Defined in: fun2 (the variables d and e of fun2
are not visible)
Visible Variable: b Defined in: fun1 ( c and d of func1 are hidden)
Visible Variable: a Defined in: main (b,c are hidden)
b. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3
Here the main() calls fun1, fun1 calls fun3. This means the body of fun3 executes first, then of fun1 and then in last, of main()
Visible Variable: d, e, f Defined in: fun3
Visible Variable: b, c Defined in: fun1 (d not visible)
Visible Variable: a Defined in: main ( b and c not visible)
c. Main calls fun2; fun2 calls fun3; fun3 calls fun1
Here the main() calls fun2, fun2 calls fun3 and fun3 calls fun1. This means the body of fun1 executes first, then of fun3, then fun2 and in last, of main()
Visible Variable: b, c, d Defined in: fun1
Visible Variable: e, f Defined in: fun3 ( d not visible)
Visible Variable: a Defined in: main ( b and c not visible)
Here variables c, d and e of fun2 are not visible
d. Main calls fun3; fun3 calls fun1
Here the main() calls fun3, fun3 calls fun1. This means the body of fun1 executes first, then of fun3 and then in last, of main()
Visible Variable: b, c, d Defined in: fun1
Visible Variable: e, f Defined in: fun3 ( d not visible )
Visible Variable: a Defined in: main (b and c not visible)
e. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3; fun3 calls fun2
Here the main() calls fun1, fun1 calls fun3 and fun3 calls fun2. This means the body of fun2 executes first, then of fun3, then of fun1 and then in last, of main()
Visible Variable: c, d, e Defined in: fun2
Visible Variable: f Defined in: fun3 ( d and e not visible)
Visible Variable: b Defined in: fun1 ( c and d not visible)
Visible Variable: a Defined in: main ( b and c not visible)
f. Main calls fun3; fun3 calls fun2; fun2 calls fun1
Here the main() calls fun3, fun3 calls fun2 and fun2 calls fun1. This means the body of fun1 executes first, then of fun2, then of fun3 and then in last, of main()
Visible Variable: b, c, d Defined in: fun1
Visible Variable: e Defined in: fun2
Visible Variable: f Defined in: fun3
Visible Variable: a Defined in: main
Suppose there are 4 nodes sharing a broadcast channel using TDMA protocol. Suppose at time t=0: • Node 1 has 6 frames to transmit, • Node 2 has 4 frames to transmit, • Node 3 has 8 frames to transmit, • Node 4 has 3 frames to transmit. Maximum number of frames which can be transmitted by a node in a time slot = 3 The time required to transmit one frame = 1 Second Explain how TDMA protocol works to complete this task? How much time will it take to transmit all frames?
Answer:
Following are the description of the given nodes:
Explanation:
The Multiple Access frequency - division facilitates control by granting every node a fixed time slot. Also, every slot seems to be identical in width. Its whole channel bandwidth is often used in every channel node. Compared to FDMA it takes more time.
Time slot=3 frames for all the above scenario
In the first point, It is reserved the node 1, and as well as 3 frames were also transmitted 1. In the second point, It is reserved the node 2, and as well as 3 frames are transmitted. In the third point, It is reserved 3 nodes, and as well as 3 frames were transmitted. In the fourth point, It is reserved 4 slots and the transmit 3 frames. In the fifth point, It stores the slot 1 and the transmit 3 frames. In the sixth point, It stores the slot 2 and the transmit 1 frame. In the seventh point, It stores the slot 3 and the transmit 3 frames. In the Eight points, It stores the slot 3 and the transmit 2 frames.Time interval = number of frames in first slot Time to send 1 frame number of images
[tex]= 8 \times 3 \times 1 \\\\ = 8 \times 3 \\\\= 24 \ seconds[/tex]
Write a program that reads in your question #2 Python source code file and counts the occurrence of each keyword in the file. Your program should prompt the user to enter the Python source code filename
Answer:
Here is the Python program:
import keyword #module that contains list of keywords of python
filename = input("Enter Python source code filename: ") # prompts user to enter the filename of a source code
code = open(filename, "r") # opens the file in read mode
keywords = keyword.kwlist #extract list of all keywords of Python and stored it into keywords
dictionary = dict() #creates a dictionary to store each keyword and its number of occurrence in source code
for statement in code: # iterates through each line of the source code in the file
statement = statement.strip() # removes the spaces in the statement of source code
words = statement.split(" ") #break each statement of the source code into a list of words by empty space separator
for word in words:# iterates through each word/item of the words list
if word in keywords:#checks if word in the code is present in the keywords list of Python
if word in dictionary: #checks if word is already present in the dictionary
dictionary[word] = dictionary[word] + 1 #if word is present in dictionary add one to the count of the existing word
else: #if word is not already present in the dictionary
dictionary[word] = 1 #add the word to the dictionary and set the count of word to 1
for key in list(dictionary.keys()): #iterates through each word in the list of all keys in dictionary
print(key, ":", dictionary[key])# prints keyword: occurrences in key:value format of dict
Explanation:
The program is well explained in the comments attached with each line of the program.
The program prompts the user to enter the name of the file that contains the Python source code. Then the file is opened in read mode using open() method.
Then the keyword.kwlist statement contains the list of all keywords of Python. These are stored in keywords.
Then a dictionary is created which is used to store the words from the source code that are the keywords along with their number of occurrences in the file.
Then source code is split into the lines (statements) and the first for loop iterates through each line and removes the spaces in the statement of source code .
Then the lines are split into a list of words using split() method. The second for loop is used to iterate through each word in the list of words of the source code. Now each word is matched with the list of keywords of Python that is stored in keywords. If a word in the source code of the file is present in the keywords then that word is added to the dictionary and the count of that word is set to 1. If the word is already present in the dictionary. For example if there are 3 "import" keywords in the source code and if 1 of the import keywords is already in the dictionary. So when the second import keyword is found, then the count of that keyword is increased by 1 so that becomes 2.
Then the last loop is used to print each word of the Python that is a keyword along with its number of occurrences in the file.
The program and its output is attached in a screenshot. I have used this program as source code file.
Implement the generator function scale(s, k), which yields elements of the given iterable s, scaled by k. As an extra challenge, try writing this function using a yield from statement!
def scale(s, k):
"""Yield elements of the iterable s scaled by a number k.
>>> s = scale([1, 5, 2], 5)
>>> type(s)
>>> list(s)
[5, 25, 10]
>>> m = scale(naturals(), 2)
>>> [next(m) for _ in range(5)]
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
"""
Answer:
The generator function using yield from:
def scale(s, k):
yield from map(lambda x: x * k, s)
Another way to implement generator function that works same as above using only yield:
def scale(s, k):
for i in s:
yield i * k
Explanation:
The complete program is:
def scale(s, k):
"""Yield elements of the iterable s scaled by a number k.
>>> s = scale([1, 5, 2], 5)
>>> type(s)
<class 'generator'>
>>> list(s)
[5, 25, 10]
>>> m = scale(naturals(), 2)
>>> [next(m) for _ in range(5)]
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
"""
yield from map(lambda x: x * k, s)
If you want to see the working of the above generator function scale() as per mentioned in the above comments, use the following statements :
s = scale([1, 5, 2], 5)
print(type(s))
#The above print statement outputs:
#<class 'generator'>
print(list(s))
#The above print statement outputs a list s with following items:
#[5, 25, 10]
The function def scale(s, k): is
def scale(s, k):
yield from map(lambda x: x * k, s)
This function takes two parameters i.e. s and k and this function yields elements of the given iterable s, scaled by k.
In this statement: yield from map(lambda x: x * k, s)
yield from is used which allows to refactor a generator in a simple way by splitting up generator into multiple generators.
The yield from is used inside the body of a generator function.
The lambda function is a function that has any number of arguments but can only have one expression. This expression is evaluated to an iterable from which an iterator will be extracted. This iterator yields and receives values to or from the caller of the generator. Here the expression is x: x * k and iterable is s. This expression multiplies each item to k.
map() method applies the defined function for each time in an iterable.
The generator function can also be defined as:
def scale(s, k):
for i in s:
yield i * k
For the above example
s = scale([1, 5, 2], 5)
def scale(s,k): works as follows:
s = [1, 5, 2]
k = 5
for loop iterates for each item i in iterable s and yields i*k
i*k multiplies each element i.e 1,5 and 2 to k=5 and returns a list
At first iteration, for example, i*k = 1 * 5 = 5, next iteration i*k = 5*5 = 25 and last iteration i*k = 2*5 = 10. So the output. So
s = scale([1, 5, 2], 5) In this statement now s contains 5, 25 and 10
print(list(s)) prints the values of s in a list as: [5, 25, 10] So output is:
[5, 25, 10]
what are three ways to add receipts to quick books on line receipt capture?
Answer:
1) Forward the receipt by email to a special receipt capture email
2) You can scan, or take a picture of the receipt and upload it using the QuickBooks mobile app.
3) You can also drag and drop the image, or upload it into QuickBooks Online receipt center.
Explanation:
1) Th first process is simply done using the email address
2) On the app, tap the Menu bar with icon ≡. Next, tap Receipt snap., and then
tap on the Receipt Camera. Yo can then snap a photo of your receipt, and tap on 'Use this photo.' Tap on done.
3) This method can be done by simply navigating on the company's website.
