Identify the most and the least acidic compound in each of the following sets. Leave the remaining answer in each set blank. a) difluoroacetic acid: _______ fluoroacetic acid: _______ trifluoroacetic acid: _______ b) 2-chlorobutanoic acid: _______ 4-chlorobutanoic acid: _______ 3-chlorobutanoic acid: _______ c) cyclohexanol: _______ phenol: _______ benzoic acid:

Answer:

10.71%

Explanation:

The dissociation of acetic acid can be well expressed as follow:

CH₃COOH ⇄   CH₃COO⁻  + H⁺

Let assume that the prepared amount of the aqueous solution is 14mM since it is not given:

Then:

The I.C.E Table is expressed as follows:

                     CH₃COOH       ⇄   CH₃COO⁻        +           H⁺  

Initial              0.0014                       0                                0

Change            - x                           +x                               +x

Equilibrium   (0.0014 - x)                 x                                 x

Recall that:

Ka for acetic acid CH₃COOH  = 1.8×10⁻⁵

∴

[tex]K_a = \dfrac{[x][x]]}{[0.0014-x]}[/tex]

[tex]1.8*10^{-5} = \dfrac{[x][x]]}{[0.0014-x]}[/tex]

[tex]1.8*10^{-5} = \dfrac{[x]^2}{[0.0014-x]}[/tex]

[tex]1.8*10^{-5}(0.0014-x) = x^2[/tex]

[tex]2.52*10^{-8} -1.8*10^{-5}x = x^2[/tex]

[tex]2.52*10^{-8} -1.8*10^{-5}x - x^2 =0[/tex]

By rearrangement:

[tex]- x^2 -1.8*10^{-5}x +2.52*10^{-8}= 0[/tex]

Multiplying through  by (-) and solving the quadratic equation:

[tex]x^2 +1.8*10^{-5}x-2.52*10^{-8}= 0[/tex]

[tex](-0.00015 + x) (0.000168 + x) =0[/tex]

x = 0.00015 or x = -0.000168

We will only consider the positive value;

so x=[CH₃COO⁻] = [H⁺] = 0.00015

CH₃COOH = (0.0014 - 0.00015) = 0.00125

However, the percentage fraction of the dissociated acetic acid is:

[tex]= \dfrac{ 0.00015}{0.0014}\times 100[/tex]

= 10.71%

Answer:

0.92g/mL

Explanation:

Density of a substance is calculated as follows:

Density = mass (m) ÷ volume (V)

According to this question, a rectangular piece of plastic has a width of 4.2 cm, a height of 1.9 cm and a length of 8.8 cm. Using the formula; L × W × H, the volume of the plastic can be calculated

V = L × W × H

V = 8.8 × 4.2 × 1.9

V = 70.2cm³

The mass of the plastic is 64.6g, hence, its density is:

Density = 64.6g ÷ 70.2cm³

Density of the rectangular plastic = 0.92g/cm³ or 0.92g/mL

Answer:

[tex]\alpha=17.7[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that:

Mass [tex]m=13g[/tex]

Volume [tex]V=10mL[/tex]

Angle [tex]\theta=23[/tex]

Sample Tube=10cm

Generally the equation for concentration is mathematically given by

 [tex]C=m/v[/tex]

 [tex]C=\frac{13}{10}\\C=1.3g/mL[/tex]

Therefore the Specific Rotation

 [tex]\alpha=frac{\theta }{m*l}[/tex]

 [tex]\alpha=frac{23 }{1.3*1.0}[/tex]

 [tex]\alpha=17.7[/tex]

Answer:

Magnesium - Metallic lattice

Nitrogen - Molecules

Lithium - Metallic lattice

Potassium - Metallic lattice

Explanation:

Metals exist in metallic lattices. In this lattice, metal ions are held together with a sea of electrons by strong electrostatic forces.

All metals possess this metallic lattice, hence; potassium, lithium and magnesium all consist of metal lattices.

Nitrogen is a nonmetal and consists of molecules of N2.

Answer:

Percent yield  = 72.07 %

Explanation:

Our reaction is:

C₄H₁₀O + NaBr + H₂SO₄ → C₄H₉Br + NaHSO₄ + H₂O

It is correctly balanced.

Let's determine which is the limiting reagent:

45 g . 1 mol / 74 g = 0.608 moles of C₄H₁₀O

67.1 g . 1 mol / 102.9 g = 0.652 moles of NaBr

97 g . 1 mol / 98 g = 0.990 moles of sulfuric acid

Ratio is always 1:1, so for 1 mol of NaBr and 1 mol of sulfuric acid we need 1 mol of C₄H₁₀O. We have 0.652 moles of NaBr, we need the same amount of C₄H₁₀O and we have 0.990 moles of acid, we need the same amount of C₄H₁₀O; we only have 0.608 moles, that's why C₄H₁₀O is the limiting reactant, there's no enough C₄H₁₀O.

Ratio is also 1:1, between reactant and product.

1 mol of C₄H₁₀O produces 1 mol of C₄H₉Br

Then, 0.608 moles will produce 0.608 moles of C₄H₉Br

We convert moles to mass: 0.608 mol . 136.9 g/mol = 83.25 g

That's the 100 % yield reaction

Percent yield  = (Yield produced / Theoretical yield) . 100

Percent yield = (60 g / 83.25 g) . 100 = 72.07 %

Solution :

[tex]$BF_3 (g) + BCl_3 (g) \rightarrow BF_2 Cl + BCl_F(g)$[/tex]

Explanation 1 :

Spontaneity of the reaction is based on two factors :

-- the tendency to acquire a state of minimum energy

-- the energy of a system to acquire a maximum randomness.

Now, since there isn't much difference in the bond enthalpies of B-F and B-Cl. So, we can say the major driving factor is tendency to acquire a state of maximum randomness.

Explanation 2 :

A system containing the [tex]\text{"chemically mixed"}[/tex] B halides has a [tex]\text{greater entropy}[/tex] than a system of [tex]$BCl_3$[/tex] and [tex]BF_3[/tex].

It has the same number of [tex]\text{gas phase molecules}[/tex], but more distinguishable kinds of [tex]\text{molecules}[/tex], hence, more microstates and higher entropy.

A. CH4= NON POLAR

B. CH3cl= POLAR

C. CO2= NON POLAR

D.  H2O2= POLAR

E. BCl3= NON POLAR

F. H2S​= SLIGHTLY POLAR

Answer:

- Two black balls: they represent a diatomic molecule composed by two atoms of the same element.

- One black ball and two black balls: they represent a compound formed by two different elements.

- One gray ball and two black balls: they represent a compound formed by two different elements.

- Two black-dotted balls: they represent a diatomic molecule composed by two atoms of the same element.

Explanation:

Hey there!

In this case, according to the given information, we can firstly bear to mind the fact that each ball color represents a different element, for that reason we can tell the following:

- Two black balls: they represent a diatomic molecule composed by two atoms of the same element.

- One black ball and two black balls: they represent a compound formed by two different elements.

- One gray ball and two black balls: they represent a compound formed by two different elements.

- Two black-dotted balls: they represent a diatomic molecule composed by two atoms of the same element.

Regards!

Answer:

Molar mass for eugenol is 161.3 g/mol

Explanation:

This question talks about freezing point depression:

Our solute is eugenol.

Our solvent is camphor.

Formula to state the freezing point depression difference is:

ΔT = Kf . m . i where

ΔT = Freezing T° of pure solvent - Freezing T° of solution

In this case ΔT = 0.62°C

Kf for camphor is: 37°C /m

As eugenol is an organic compund, i = 1. No ions are formed.

To state the molar mass, we need m (molal)

Molal are the moles of solute in 1kg of solvent. Let's replace data:

0.62°C = 40 °C/m . m . 1

0.62°C / 40 m/°C = 0.0155 m

We convert mass of camphor from g to kg = 100 g . 1kg / 1000g = 0.1 kg

0.0155 molal = moles of solute / 0.1 kg

0.0155 m/kg . 0.1 kg = 0.00155 moles

We know that these moles are contained in 250 mg, so the molar mass will be:

0.25 g / 0.00155 mol = 161.3 g/mol

Notice, we convert mg to g, for the units!

Answer:

The answer is "[tex]1.25 \times 10^{-3} \ \frac{m}{s}[/tex]"

Explanation:

Calculating the rate of the equation:

[tex]=-\frac{1}{2} \frac{\Delta [SO_2]}{\Delta t} =-\frac{\Delta [O_2]}{\Delta t}= +\frac{1}{2} \frac{\Delta [SO_3]}{\Delta t}\\\\=\frac{\Delta [SO_2]}{\Delta t}=\frac{0.0500-0.175\ M}{505}= -2.5 \times 10^{-3} \ \frac{m}{s}\\\\[/tex]

Rate:

[tex]=\frac{-2.5 \times 10^{-3}}{2}=1.25 \times 10^{-3} \ \frac{m}{s}[/tex]

Answer:

Option e.

Explanation:

Molarity is the concentration that indicates moles of solute in 1 L of solution.

We have another concentration, percent by mass.

Percent by mass indicates mass of solute in 100 g of solution.

Our solute is HNO₃, our solvent is water.

17.5 g of nitric acid is the mass of solute. We can convert them to moles:

17.5 g . 1mol / 63g = 0.278 moles

We do not have volume of solution. We assume the mass is 100 g because the percent by mass but we need density to state the volume.

Density = Mass / Volume

Mass / Density = Volume

Once we have the volume, we need to be sure the units is in L, to determine molarity

M = mol /L

Answer:

26.6

Explanation:

Step 1: Calculate the molar concentrations

We will use the following expression.

M = mass solute / molar mass solute × liters of solution

[CO]i = 26.6 g / (28.01 g/mol) × 5.15 L = 0.184 M

[H₂]i = 2.36 g / (2.02 g/mol) × 5.15 L = 0.227 M

[CH₃OH]e = 8.63 g / (32.04 g/mol) × 5.15 L = 0.0523 M

Step 2: Make an ICE chart

        CO(g) + 2 H₂(g) ⇄ CH₃OH(g)

I        0.184      0.227           0

C         -x           -2x             +x

E     0.184-x   0.227-2x        x

Since [CH₃OH]e = x, x = 0.0523

Step 3: Calculate all the concentrations at equilibrium

[CO]e = 0.184-x = 0.132 M

[H₂]e = 0.227-2x = 0.122 M

[CH₃OH]e = 0.0523 M

Step 4: Calculate the equilibrium constant (Kc)

Kc = [CH₃OH] / [CO] [H₂]²

Kc = 0.0523 / 0.132 × 0.122² = 26.6

Answer:

Mass of C = 47.37g

Mass of H = 10.59g

Mass of O = 42.04g

The total mass of these elements is 100g, taking a proportion of their molar masses.

C = 47.37/12= 3.95

H = 10.59/1 = 10.59

O = 42.04/16= 2.63.

Dividing through with the smallest proportion which is 2.63

C=3.95/2.63 = 1.5

H =10.59/2.63 =4

O = 2.63/2.63= 1

Multiplying through by 2 to get a whole number.

C = 1.5x2 = 3

H= 4x2 = 8

O = 1x2= 2

The empirical formula is C3H6O2

(Empirical formula)n= molecular mass

(C3H8O2)n =228.276

(12x3 +8+16x2)n= 228.276

76n = 228.276

n = 228.276/76

n = 3

Molecular formula = Empirical formula

=(C3H8O2)3 = C9H24O6

The molecular formula is C9H24O6

Answer:

The correct answer is - 2.557 KJ

Explanation:

In this case, Hg is melting, the process is endothermic, so the energy change will have a positive sign.

we can calculate this energy by the following formula:

Q = met

where, m = mass,

e = specific heat

t = temperature

then,

Q = 78*0.14* (273-38.8)

here 0.14 = C(Hg)

= 2.557 Kj

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf {One \ atom \ donates \ both \ electrons \ in \ a \ pair}}}[/tex]

Explanation:

A covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons to make the atoms more stable, and so they satisfy the Octet Rule (8 valence electrons).

Typically each atom contributes an electron to form an electron pair. This is a single bond. There are also double bonds (two pairs of electrons), triple bonds (three pairs of electrons), and coordinate covalent bonds.

Sometimes, to satisfy the Octet Rule and achieve stability, one atom contributes both of the electrons in an electron pair. This is different from other covalent bonds because usually each of the 2 atoms contributes an electron to make a pair.

Explanation:

here's the answer to your question

Explanation:

The given chemical reaction is:

[tex]2Br^- (aq) + I_2(s) <-> Br_2(l) + 2I^- (aq)[/tex]

[tex]E^ocell=oxidation potential of anode + reduction potential of cathode\\[/tex]

The relation between Eo cell and Keq is shown below:

[tex]deltaG=-RTlnK_e_q\\delta=-nFE^o cell\\=>nFE^o cell=RTlnK_e_q\\lnK_e_q=\frac{nF}{RT} E^o cell[/tex]

The value of Eo cell is:

Br- undergoes oxidation and I2 undergoes reduction.

Reduction takes place at cathode.

Oxidation takes place at anode.

Hence,

[tex]E^ocell= (-1.07+0.53)V\\=-0.54V[/tex]

F=96485 C/mol

n=2 mol

R=8.314 J.K-1.mol-1

T=298K

Substitute all these values in the above formula:

[tex]ln K_e_q=\frac{2mol* 96485 C/mol}{8.314 J.K^-^1.mol^-^1x298K} \\\\lnK_e_q=77.8\\K_e_q=e^7^7^.^8\\=>K_e_q=6.13x10^3^3[/tex]

Answer:

Keq=6.13x10^33

To answer this question, we will first find out the number of gaseous moles on each side of the equilibrium

on the left:

we have 2 moles of A, 5 moles of B and 12 moles of C

which gives us a grand total of 19 gaseous moles

on the right:

here, we have 14 moles of AC gas, we will not count the number of moles of B because it's a solid

giving us 14 gaseous moles on the right

Where does the reaction shift?

more gaseous moles means more space taken, because gas likes to fill all the space it can

if we have more volume, more gas can move around without colliding (reacting) with each other

Hence more volume favors the side with more gaseous moles

here, the left has more gaseous moles. So we can say that the reaction will shift towards the left, or the reactants side

Answer:

Explanation:

given reversible chemical reaction:

2A(g) + 5B(g) + 12C(g)  ↔  14AC(g) + 5B(s)

chemicals in solid form do not take up a lot of volume so change in container volume has no effect

look at chemicals in gas form only:

the total no. of moles of reactants in gas form = 2 + 5 + 12 = 19

the total no. of moles of products in gas form = 14

so an increase in volume of the container will favor the reaction direction with higher volume n high volume means higher no. of moles

the ans is the equilibrium will move towards a) reactants

Answer:

1) 0.00498 mol Cu.

2) 0.00000374 mol CO₂

Explanation:

Question 1)

We want to convert 3.00 * 10²¹ copper atoms into moles. Note that 3.00 is three significant figures.

Recall that by definition, one mole of a substance has exactly 6.022 * 10²³ amount of that substance. In other words, we have the ratio:

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{1\text{ mol}}{6.022\times 10^{23} \text{ Cu}}[/tex]

We are given 3.00 * 10²¹ Cu. To cancel out the Cu, we can multiply it by our above ratio with Cu in the denominator. Hence:

[tex]\displaystyle 3.00 \times 10^{21} \text{ Cu} \cdot \frac{1\text{ mol Cu}}{6.022\times 10^{23} \text{ Cu}}[/tex]

Cancel like terms:

[tex]=\displaystyle 3\times 10^{21} \cdot \frac{1\text{ mol Cu}}{6.022\times 10^{23} }[/tex]

Simplify:

[tex]\displaystyle = \frac{3\text{ mol Cu}}{6.022 \times 10^{2}}[/tex]

Use a calculator:

[tex]= 0.004981... \text{ mol Cu}[/tex]

Since the resulting answer must have three significant figures:

[tex]= 0.00498\text{ mol Cu}[/tex]

So, 3.00 * 10²¹ copper atoms is equivalent to approximately 0.00498 moles of copper.

Question 2)

We want to convert 2.25 * 10¹⁸ molecules of carbon dioxide into moles. Note that 2.25 is three significant digits.

By definition, there will be 6.022 * 10²³ carbon dioxide molecules in one mole of carbon dioxide. Hence:

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{6.022 \times 10^{23} \text{ CO$_2$}}{1\text{ mol CO$_2$}}[/tex]

To cancel the carbon dioxide from 2.25 * 10¹⁸, we can multiply it by the above ratio with the carbon dioxide in the denominator. Hence:

[tex]\displaystyle 2.25\times 10^{18} \text{ CO$_2$} \cdot \frac{1\text{ mol CO$_2$}}{6.022\times 10^{23} \text{ CO$_2$}}[/tex]

Cancel like terms:

[tex]\displaystyle= 2.25\times 10^{18} \cdot \frac{1\text{ mol CO$_2$}}{6.022\times 10^{23}}[/tex]

Simplify:

[tex]\displaystyle = \frac{2.25 \text{ mol CO$_2$}}{6.022\times 10^5}}[/tex]

Use a calculator:

[tex]=0.000003736...\text{ mol CO$_2$}[/tex]

Since the resulting answer must have three significant figures:

[tex]= 0.00000374\text{ mol CO$_2$}[/tex]

So, 2.25 * 10¹⁸ molecules of carbon dioxide is equivalent to approximately 0.00000374 moles of carbon dioxide.

Answer:

Explanation:

by definition, 1 mole contains 6.02 x 10^23 of atoms (for elements) or molecules (for compounds)

3.00 x 10^21 atoms of copper / 6.02 x 10^23 of atoms

= 0.004983 moles of copper

= 4.98 x 10^(-3) moles of copper

2.25 x 10^18 molecules of carbon dioxide / 6.02 x 10^23 of molecules

= 0.000003737 moles of carbon dioxide

= 3.74 x 10^(-6) moles of carbon dioxide

he says he doesnt know sorry

Answer:

C. By super-cooling certain types of plasma.

Explanation:

Bose-Einstein condensate is a state of matter whereby atoms or particles become cooled to a very low energy state leading to their condensation to give a single quantum state.

Note that plasma refers to atoms that have had some or even all of its electrons stripped away leaving only positively charged ions. Simply put, plasma is ionized matter.

When certain types of plasma are super cooled, Bose-Einstein condensate are formed.

Answer:

1.) Propanone (ketone)

2.) Ethanal( aldehyde)

3.) 3-phenyl-2-propenal (aldehyde)

4.) Butanone (ketone)

5.) Ethanol ( alcohol)

6.) 2-propanol (alcohol)

Explanation:

In organic chemistry, ALCOHOL ( also known as alkanol) are compounds in which hydroxyl groups are linked to alkyl groups. They can be considered as being derived from the corresponding alkanes by replacing the hydrogen atoms with hydroxyl groups. The hydroxyl group is the functional group of the alcohol as it is responsible for their characteristic chemical properties. A typical example of alcohol is ethanol and 2-propanol.

Alkanals or ALDEHYDES have the general formula RCHO while alkanones or KETONES have the general formula RR'CO where R and R' may be alkyl or aryl groups. The main similarity between these two classes of compounds is the presence of the carbonyl group. In aldehydes, there is a hydrogen atom attached to the carbon In the carbonyl group while there is none on the ketones.

Some common examples of ketones are Propanone, Butanone while examples of aldehydes are Ethanal and 3-phenyl-2-propenal

Answer:

the composition of the ∝ phase C∝ = 14  or [ 14 wt% B-86 wt% A ]

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

Co = 53 or [ 53 wt% B-47 wt% A ]

W∝ = 0.5 = Wβ

Cβ = 92 or [ 92 wt% B-8 wt% A ]

Now, lets set up the Lever rule for W∝ as follows;

W∝ = [ Cβ - Co ] / [ Cβ - C∝ ]

so we substitute our given values into the expression;

0.5 = [ 92 - 53 ] / [ 92 - C∝ ]

0.5 = 39 /  [ 92 - C∝ ]

0.5[ 92 - C∝ ] = 39

46 - 0.5C∝  = 39

0.5C∝ = 46 - 39

0.5C∝ = 7

C∝ = 7 / 0.5

C∝ = 14  or [ 14 wt% B-86 wt% A ]

Therefore, the composition of the ∝ phase C∝ = 14  or [ 14 wt% B-86 wt% A ]

Answer:

hydrogen bonding

Explanation:

just took the test :D

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

a) The balanced reaction equation is;

Na2CO3(aq) + Pb(OH)2(aq) -----> 2 NaOH + PbCO3

b) When we include states of matter;

Na2CO3(aq) + Pb(OH)2(aq) -----> 2 NaOH(aq) + PbCO3 (s)

c) Complete ionic equation;

2Na^+(aq) + CO3^2-(aq) + Pb^2+(aq) + 2OH^-(aq) ----> 2Na^+(aq) + 2OH^-(aq) + PbCO3(s)

Net Ionic equation;

Pb^2+(aq) + CO3^2-(aq) ----> PbCO3(s)

Answer:

the properties are:

these are all the properties but I think the two a solute needs to satisfy are

I hope this helps

Answer:

There are strong intermolecular forces between particles that make up liquids, but not gases.

Explanation:

Solids, liquids and gases are the three states of matter that exists. However, they possess varying properties that distinguishes them from one another. One of these properties is the strength of the intermolecular forces that hold their molecules together.

The intermolecular forces of each state of matter becomes weak in this order: solid>liquid>gas.

- Intermolecular forces in solid molecules are very strong, hence making them compact and well attached to each other.

- Intermolecular forces in liquid molecules are not too strong, hence, cannot exist in a fixed position but tend to flow.

- Intermolecular forces in gaseous molecules are very weak, hence, gases can move easily and rapidly in any given space.

Answer:

Substance A has a greater molecular mass than substance B

Explanation:

The greater the mass of a substance, the slower it will travel. If the solid formed closer to substance A, it means that substance A, travelled less and that it was slower, meaning it had a greater molecular mass.

Please mark it as brainliest if it helped you

Answer:

thank you... I would say is the answer: Subtance A has a greater molecular mass than substance B.

Explanation:

thanks for posting all the comments all the time!

have a great week... stay warm from a snow storm