how does an atom of nirogen become an ion

The statement given is "False" that The Aerobic decomposition of biomass produces significant quantities of Methane.

What is aerobic decomposition?

The decay or breaking down of organic material in the presence of free or dissolved oxygen (DO).

What does aerobic decomposition produce?

Compost, water (both liquid leachate and gaseous vapor), and volatilized gases are all products of aerobic composting (ammonia, carbon dioxide and, occasionally, gases perceived as odors). Digestate and biogas are created during anaerobic digestion.

Is aerobic decomposition faster than anaerobic?

You can get finished compost sooner if there is enough air available because aerobic decomposers function faster and more effectively than their anaerobic cousins.

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Answer: Atomic mass is associated with the number of neutrons and protons that are present in a particular nucleus of an element. Atomic number is usually the number of protons present in an element's nucleus

If you want to find the number of protons and electrons you look at the atomic number. If you want to find the number of neutrons you need to subtract the atomic number from the mass. If the mass have something like 35.453 the mass will be 35. But if it's like 10.811 the mass will be 11 because if the number after the decimal is five or higher then the number before the decimal will go up one.

Explanation:

Answer + Explanation:

During a car crash, kinetic energy is lost through various forms of deformation of the vehicle and the generation of heat.

When a car collides with another object, the force of the impact causes the vehicle's body and structure to deform. This deformation absorbs some of the kinetic energy and converts it into other forms of energy, such as heat and sound.

In addition, friction between the moving parts of the car and between the car and the road can also generate heat, which absorbs some of the kinetic energy.

The amount of kinetic energy lost during a car crash depends on the mass of the vehicle, the speed at which it was traveling, and the type and severity of the collision. In general, higher speeds and more severe collisions result in greater kinetic energy loss.

(a) sp2- hybrid orbital of C1 and p-orbital of O1 , because, central atom i.e. carbon has sp2-hybridization and in surrounded oxygen atom last electrons enters in p-orbital. (b) 1200 bond angle, because shape is trigonal planar.

Atomic orbitals are generally specific through a mixture of numerals and letters that constitute precise residences of the electrons related to the orbitals—for example, 1s, 2p, 3d, 4f. The numerals, referred to as primary quantum numbers, imply strength degrees in addition to relative distance from the nucleus. The simple names s orbital, p orbital, d orbital, and f orbital refer to orbitals with angular momentum quantum number ℓ = 0, 1, 2, and 3 respectively.

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The frequency of the light emitted by hydrogen is equal to 4.57 Hz.

The frequency of the wave can be defined as the number of oscillations of a wave per second. The frequency has S.I. units of s⁻¹ or Hertz.

The wavelength can be described as the distance between two adjacent crests on a wave.

The relation between frequency, wavelength, and speed of light (c) can be shown as:

c = νλ

Given, the wavelength of the light emitted by H-atom, ν = 6.56 × 10⁻⁷ m

The speed of light, [tex]c =3 \times 10^8\; m/s[/tex]

The frequency of the light emitted by hydrogen atoms can determine from the above-mentioned relationship:

ν= c/λ = 3 ×10⁸/6.56 × 10⁻⁷ = 4.57 Hz

Therefore, the frequency of the emitted light is equal to 4.57 Hz.

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The nickel has a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure and has a density of 8.90 g/cm3. its atomic radius is 1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm.

given that :

density = 8.90 g/ cm³

the density is given as :

density = mass / volume

no. of atoms = 8 (1/8) + 6(1/2)

volume = (r ×  8 (1/8))³

mass = 4 atoms ×  mol / 6.022 × 10²³ atoms × 58.68 g /mol

density = mass / volume

8.90 g/ cm³ = (4 atoms ×  mol / 6.022 × 10²³ atoms × 58.68 g /mol ) /  (r ×  8 (1/8))³

r = 1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm

Thus, the atomic radius is  1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm.

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Aufbau's principle states that an electron in an atom is filled according to the energy of orbitals, orbital with minimum energy is first filled, and so on.

so the order of filling of electrons in orbitals are 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d 7p 8s.

so, the 4f subshell is filled after the complete filling of electrons in 6s.

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An ion is an atom with an unbalanced ratio of protons to electrons. Atoms or molecules having associated net charges greater than zero are referred to as "ions."

a charged molecule or atom is referred to as an ion. It charges up or down depending on whether one or more electrons are gained or lost. Because of this, it can have a positive or negative charge. Consequently, an ion becomes charged when there is an imbalance between the proportion of positively charged protons to negatively charged electrons. Ions can be categorised into one of two major types. Cations and anions are what they are.A superscript with a plus sign and the number before the plus sign is applied to the chemical formula to represent the symbol for a cation.Anions are represented similarly to cations by the charge number followed by a negative sign.Another subatomic particle with a positive electrical charge is the proton. They are present in the atom's nucleus.

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The enthalpy of vaporization for this compound is 22.0 kJ/mol.

Vaporization is a process in which a liquid or solid is transformed into a gaseous state. It occurs when molecules in the liquid or solid absorb enough energy to break their intermolecular bonds and become a gas. This process can be carried out either through the application of heat or pressure, or through a process known as sublimation, which occurs when a solid is exposed to a vacuum.

ΔHₙ = ΔHₓ - ΔHₐ

Where, ΔHₙ = Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔHₓ = Enthalpy of sublimation (32.4 kj/mol)

ΔHₐ = Enthalpy of fusion (10.4 kj/mol)

ΔHₙ = 32.4 - 10.4

ΔHₙ = 22.0 kJ/mol

The enthalpy of vaporization for this compound is the difference between the enthalpy of sublimation and the enthalpy of fusion. Therefore, the enthalpy of vaporization for this compound is 22.0 kJ/mol.

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Answer: Kinetic Energy

Explanation:

Gravitational potential energy of each drop converts to kinetic energy when water drops into a reservoir.

The rate of appearance of o2 at that moment is 2.80 mol/min.

Calculation :

Recall

aA+bB→ cC+dD

[tex]\frac{d[A]}{a.dt}[/tex] =  [tex]\frac{d[B]}{b.dt}[/tex] =  [tex]\frac{d[C]}{c.dt}[/tex]  =  [tex]\frac{d[D]}{d.dt}[/tex]

Then

[tex]\frac{d[NO_{2} ]}{2.dt}[/tex] =   [tex]\frac{d[NO_{2} ]}{4.dt}[/tex]

Replacing :

[tex]\frac{1.4}{2}[/tex] =   [tex]\frac{d[NO_{2} ]}{4.dt}[/tex]  .......   [tex]\frac{d[NO_{2} ]}{dt}[/tex] = 2.8

Degradation is the first step in the recycling of nutrients that an organism (plant or animal) uses to build its body. This is the process by which dead tissue is broken down and transformed into simpler organic forms.They are the food source for many species that underlie ecosystems.

Decomposition or putrefaction is the process by which dead organic matter breaks down into simple organic or inorganic matter such as carbon dioxide, water, simple sugars and inorganic salts. This process is part of the nutrient cycle and is essential for recycling the finite substances that occupy the physical space of the biosphere. An organism's body begins to decompose shortly after death. Animals such as earthworms also help break down organic matter.

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Kc for the reverse reaction is the negative of Kc for the forward reaction is the false statement.

The equilibrium constant of any chemical reaction is the value of its own reactions quotient at chemicals equilibrium, a State approaches by a dynamically chemicals systems after sufficient times has elapsed at which is in its compositions has no measurable tendency towards furthermore change.

As we know,

Value of Kc for the reverse reaction is always in the from of reciprocal.

Let's take

A<----------------> B,Kc

For reversion reaction we have to take

B<------------------>A,1/Kc

In this equation all the statement are correct.

Thus Kc for the reverse reaction is the negative of Kc for the forward reaction is the correct answer.

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The formula unit of a salt that is not correct is [tex]Ca_{2} O[/tex] in option C.

A salt is almost always made up of a metal and a nonmetal element. The salts as we know them are mostly ionic in nature and they are known to be able to dissolve in solution when they are put into solution.

We know that the salt that they meant to show in option C is calcium oxide and the foregoing can not be the correct formula since both the calcium and the oxygen ions are divalent. The correct formula of the salt would be CaO.

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If one form of a gene can mask the appearance of another form, that form is considered dominant over the other form. Option B.

According to Mendel, genes are usually made up of 2 alleles. These alleles can be the same or different. When the alleles are the same, the gene is said to be homozygous. If the alleles are different, the gene is said to be heterozygous.

When the two alleles that make up a gene are different, one will be dominant and the other will be recessive. The dominant gene masks the effect of the recessive gene. In other words, the recessive gene cannot be expressed as long as it coexists with the dominant gene. In order for it to be expressed, it has to be in two copies or a homozygous recessive form.

For the dominant allele, however, only one copy is needed for it to be expressed.

In summary, if one form of a gene can mask the appearance of another form, that form is considered dominant over the other form.

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Molecular compounds are termed by using the stem of the first element's name plus the suffix -ide, followed by the second element. Numerical prefixes are used to specify the number of atoms in a molecule.

The IUPAC defines a common name as one that clearly identifies a chemical but does not adhere to the current systematic naming convention. Acetone, which bears the scientific term, serves as an illustration of a common name. 2-propanone

A chemical is any substance whose composition is known. A chemical always consists of the same "substance," to put it another way. Water is one of the substances found in nature.

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The correct molecular formula for the compound magnesium chromate pentahydrate is as follows: MgCrO₄•5H₂O.

Molecular formula in chemistry is a notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in a compound.

Chemical or molecular formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and plus (+) and minus (−) signs.

The chemical formula also reveals information about the types and number of atoms that make up a chemical compound or molecule.

For example; a chemical compound named magnesium chromate pentahydrate will have a chemical formula of MgCrO₄•5H₂O.

This tells us that the compound contains magnesium, chromium, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms.

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The  halogen forms the weakest bond to carbon is Iodine due to vary size difference between iodine and a carbon

Iodine is a chemical element with the symbol I and atomic number 53. It is a halogen, which means it is a highly reactive, nonmetal element that occurs in the periodic table among the highly reactive nonmetals. Iodine is a blue-black, lustrous solid that sublimates (turns from a solid directly into a gas) at standard temperature and pressure. It has a melting point of 386.85 degrees Fahrenheit (193.65 degrees Celsius) and a boiling point of 575.1 degrees Fahrenheit (302.9 degrees Celsius). Iodine is an essential trace element in the human body. It plays a vital role in the production of thyroid hormones, which are important for normal growth and development. The thyroid gland, located in the neck, absorbs iodine from the blood and uses it to produce thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, a condition characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland.

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The solubility laws that regulate ionic chemicals in an aqueous solution are the main focus of double replacement reactions. The insoluble iron(III) phosphate, FePO4, precipitates out of the solution when these two solutions are combined because the iron(III) cations and phosphate anions combine to make it.

                FeBr3(aq)+K3PO4(aq)→FePO4(s)⏐↓+3KBr(aq)

Ionic equations are chemical formulas in which the electrolytes in aqueous solution are stated as dissociated ions, in contrast to molecular equations, which express compounds as molecules. The ionic species are typically followed by (aq) in the equation to denote that they are in an aqueous solution, and the substance in question is typically a salt that has been dissolved in water.

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There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, gems have ionic bonding and plastic beads have covalent bonding.

Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.

An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound.  Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond. Gems  have ionic bonds formed between metals and nonmetals. Plastic beads, will have covalent bonds because it is easily deformed.

Therefore, gems have ionic bonding and plastic beads have covalent bonding.

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States of matter:

Solids: have a definite shape and volume.

Gases: do not have a definite volume or shape.

Liquids: have a definite volume, but the shape may change.

What is states of matter?

States of matter refer to the physical behavior of matter based on its temperature and pressure. There are three main states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.

There are also several other states of matter, such as plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate, that are observed under certain conditions, such as extremely high temperatures or pressures.

According to the problem:

Solids are characterized by their ability to maintain a fixed shape and volume. They are typically solid at room temperature and have a high degree of structural rigidity.

Gases, on the other hand, do not have a definite shape or volume. They are characterized by their ability to expand and fill any container they are placed in. Gases are typically in a gaseous state at room temperature and are highly compressible.

Liquids are intermediate between solids and gases. They have a definite volume, but the shape may change to conform to the shape of their container. Liquids are typically liquid at room temperature and are less compressible than gases, but more compressible than solids.

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The initial and final states if an electron in hydrogen emits a photon with a wavelength of 656 nm  is n = 3 to n = 2.

given that :

wavelength of the photon emitted λ = 656 nm = 656 × 10⁻⁹ m

the energy of the photon is given as :

E = hc / λ

  = (6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ × 3 ×10⁸ ) / 656 × 10⁻⁹

  = 3 × 10⁻¹⁹ J  = 1.9 eV

En = - 13.6 / n² eV

where n = 1,2,3 ....

1) n = 2 to n = 1

E2 - E1 = - 13.6 eV ( 1 / 4 - 1/ 1)

           = 10.2 eV

2) n = 3 to n = 2

E3 - E2 = -13.6 eV ( 1/3² - 1/ 2² )

            = 1.9 eV

Thus the initial and the final states are n = 3 to n = 2.

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The empirical formula for the compound if A denotes the cations and X denotes the anions is AX₂

It is given that the cations are denoted by Blue color and the anions with green color. There are 8 atoms in the corners and 6 in the face center. Then,

No of atoms in a total of all corners = 8 x 1/8

No of atoms in the corners = 1

No of atoms in the faces = 6 x 1/2

No of atoms in the faces = 3

Then,

Total no of cations atoms = total number of atoms in the corners + the total number of atoms in the faces

Total number of cations (A) = 1 + 3

Total number of cations (A) = 4

The total number of anions in the cell is 8 from the figures as they aren't shared with another lattice arrangement. Therefore,

Number of anions (X) = 8

Then the empirical formula would be A₄X₈ which could be written in the simplified form of AX₂.

Thus, the empirical formula is AX₂ for the arrangement.

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The apple farmer is able to obtain 8,034.6 oranges by trading 0.64 of his orchard.

A word problem is a mathematical exercise where significant background information on the problem is presented in ordinary language rather than in mathematical notation

First, let's find the total number of apples produced by the orchard:

20 trees × 418 apples/tree = 8,360 apples

Now, let's find the number of apples that the apple farmer is able to trade: 8,360 apples × 0.64 = 5,350.4 apples

Since the apple farmer wants to trade 3 oranges for every 2 apples, he will be able to obtain:

3 oranges / 2 apples ×  5,350.4 apples = 8,025.6 oranges.

Therefore, the apple farmer is able to obtain 8,025.6 oranges by trading 0.64 of his orchard.

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if the reaction yields 21.1l of nitrogen gas, 40.81g  mass of nan3 in grams would be required to produce this volume at stp

mass of NaN3 (g) = moles of NaN3 (ma) x molar mass of Na N3 (g/mol) = 0-678 mol 65 g/mol =40.81g. A chemical compound's molar mass is described as the weight of a sample of that chemical divided by the quantity of substance in that sample, which is the quantity of moles in that sample, evaluated in moles. The molar mass of a substance is a mass property, not a molecular property. It is the connection between pressure, volume, moles, and temperature. is the volume that one mole of the a chemical substance or a chemical compound takes up. As a result, at STP, the molar volume of a gas is 22.4 litres.

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o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are structural isomers.

o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are examples of aromatic isomers, also known as ortho-, meta-, and para-xylene, respectively. These isomers are classified as aromatic because they are part of a family of compounds known as aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain a ring of six carbon atoms bonded to each other in a specific way.

o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are also examples of structural isomers. Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of their atoms. In the case of o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene, the atoms are arranged differently around the ring of six carbon atoms.

o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are not optical isomers, which are also known as enantiomers. Optical isomers are compounds that are mirror images of each other but are not superimposable. Optical isomers are important in medicinal chemistry because they can have different biological properties even though they have the same molecular formula and structure.

o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are also not geometric isomers. Geometric isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula and the same arrangement of atoms, but differ in the orientation of their atoms or groups of atoms in space. Geometric isomers are often found in compounds with cis-trans double bonds or ring structures.

Two isomeric monobromination products should result from the allylic bromination of methylene cyclohexane, according to expectations. The final product will be 1-(bromomethyl)cyclohexene.

N-Bromosuccinimide, also known as NBS, is a chemical reagent utilized mostly in organic chemistry's electrophilic addition, electrophilic substitution, and radical substitution processes. It is regarded as an easy way to get bromine radicals. NBS interacts with the substance in an aqueous solution in alkenes to produce bromohydrins as the end result.

Allylic bromination is defined as the reaction employing NBS that results in the substitution of a bromine atom for hydrogens on a carbon next to a double bond.

Following  drawing of the methylene cyclohexane extended structure, the reaction will be carried out using the reagent NBS.

The IUPAC name of the product is 1-(bromomethyl)cyclohexene.

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The velocity of an  object is the ratio of the distance to the time. The distance travelled by Kangaroo is 396 m in 12 seconds. So its velocity is 33 m/s.

Velocity is a physical quantity and it is the measure of distance travelled per unit time. Velocity is the rate of speed and it  is a vector quantity.The velocity can be expressed in terms of m/s, Km/hr etc.

Mathematically, velocity is the ratio of distance to the time.

Given that, distance covered by kangaroo is 396 meters.

time taken = 12 s.

therefore, velocity can be calculated as follows:

velocity = distance/time

             = 396 m / 12 s

             = 33 m/s.

Therefore, the velocity of the kangaroo is 33 m/s.

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Answer: Dinitrogen trioxide

Explanation:

Nuclear Fission include used in nuclear power plants and byproducts have long half-lives, Nuclear fusion includes occurs on the sun and needs very high temperatures, while Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion includes release lots of energy.

Nuclear fission is a physico chemical process caused when an atom divides into two smaller atoms, which released important amounts of energy and it is used to generate electricity in nuclear power plants.

Conversely, Nuclear fusion occurs when smaller atoms such as hydrogen fuse to form larger atoms, which is able to generate much more energy when compares to Nuclear fusion, and this process fuel energy in the sun.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that fission nuclear and fusion nuclear are very different processes in terms of the division of fusion of atoms and they release differential amounts of energy.

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Substance is fast acting, either immediately suffocating the victim or causing massive burning is chemical weapons.

Chemicals used to intentionally kill or damage people through their poisonous qualities are known as chemical weapons. Chemical weapons also include weapons, apparatus, and other gear made expressly for turning hazardous substances into weapons.

What chemical weapon has the highest lethality?

What VX is VX is a nerve toxin that was created by humans for use in chemical warfare. The most dangerous and quickly acting of the known chemical warfare agents are nerve agents.

Basically, these weapons were just common munitions like grenades and artillery rounds that had well-known industrial chemicals added to them. Among the chemicals employed were chlorine, mustard gas, which causes terrible skin burns, and phosgene, a choking toxin.

The most critical effects are paralysis of the respiratory muscles and inhibition of the respiratory center. Ultimately, death results due to respiratory paralysis. If the concentration of the nerve agent is high, death is immediate.

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