How do scientists create models of past and future climate?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

To understand how our world is evolving, scientists use computer programs called climate models to forecast future climate. Climate models function in the same way that a computer lab does. Climate models are computer programs that scientists use to analyze how our world is changing.

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Related Questions

What are the roles of quality, policy and objectives in the University? (Answer in 300 words)​

Answers

The role of quality policy and objectives in the university is to define the purpose and strategic direction followed by the school authorities.

The quality policy is usually written in a brief statement which describes the vision, mission and the objective of the university. The importance (roles) of quality policy and objectives in an university includes:

Establishing a quality policy makes its known that the university operates with ethical standards that should not be disobeyed.It serves as a requirement for any formalized quality management system.It can serve as a way to drive passion for cultural change within an organisation (university)It serves as a reminder to both employees and students of the university about their commitment to quality.

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Which of the following groups includes a protozoan that is transmitted sexually?

Chromalveolata

Excavata

Amoebazoa

Archaeplasteda

Rhizaria

Which of the following is a distinction between Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes?
Ascomycetes form a sac around the sexual spores.
Ascomycetes have zygotes.
Ascomycetes release basidiospores.
Basidiomycetes form a shell around the sexual spores.
Basidiomycetes release conidiospores.

Which of the following is a specialized structure that would contain food ingested by phagocytosis?
Saprozoic
Cytostome
Cytoproct
Oral groove
Holozoic

Which part of a mushroom would be eaten?

Thallus

Sporangium

Mycelium

Septum

Hyphae

Answers

Answer:

Ascomycetes have zygotes

Mycelium

Explanation:

Ascomycetes have zygotes which is the main distinction between Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes. Mycelium is a part of mushroom that is edible and can be eaten. Mycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus that consist of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. Hypha is a long, branching, filamentous body of mushroom as well as oomycete and actinobacteria. Hyphae are the primary mode of vegetative growth of fungi which is generally known as mycelium so mycelium is the edible part of mushroom.

The following offspring were observed from many crossings of the same pea plants. What genotypes were the parents?
465 purple axial flowers
152 purple terminal flowers
140 white axial flowers
53 white terminal flowers
a) PpAa x PpAA
b) PpAa x PpAa
c) PpAa x ppAA
d) PPAA x ppaa
e) PPaa x ppAA

Answers

Answer:

a

Explanation: the genotype is the same

Cross between same pea plants for many generations having genotype PpAa x PpAa because after crossing over parents character having a large number of phenotype in offspring, hence a is the correct option.

What is a genotype?

The term "genotype" ranges to an organism's genetic makeup, in other words, it describes an organism's whole gene. The term can also be used to refer to the alleles, or variant forms of a gene, that an organism carries in a more specific meaning.

When crossing of particular traits having genotype PpAa x PpAa because after crossing over parents' character having a large number of phenotypes in offspring.

The genotype of a person is their own DNA sequence. More specifically, the two alleles a person inherited for a particular gene are referred to using this term.

Therefore genotype parents  PpAa x PpAa offspring have a large number of traits the same as parents and a low number of new traits.

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Which structure would you not find in a prokaryotic cell?

Answers

Answer:

you won't find the nucleus in prokaryotic cells

Answer: Membrane-bound organelles

Explanation:

Which of the following best compares the male and female reproductive structures of a gymnosperm?
a. Gymnosperms produce flowers, and the male stamens produce pollen that fertilizes the egg inside the female ovule.
b. Gymnosperms produce male cones and female cones, and the pollen from a male cone fertilizes the egg inside a female cone.
c. Gymnosperms have male sporangia and female archegonia, and spores fertilize eggs contained inside the embryo sac to form zygotes.
d. Gymnosperms exist as male and female gametophytes, and the male plant produces spores that fertilize eggs inside the female archegonia.

Answers

Answer:

B.Gymnoperms produce male cones and female cones, and the pollen from a male cone fertilizes the egg inside a female cone.

.
Name Earth’s layers in order

Answers

Answer:

Crust – 5 to 70 km thick

Mantle – 2,900 km thick

Outer Core – 2,200 km thick

Inner Core – 1,230 to 1,530 km thick

Some of the largest mountains in the world, including the Himalayas, occur where

Select one:

a.
two oceanic plates diverge.


b.
two continental plates converge.


c.
an oceanic and a continental plate diverge.


d.
an oceanic and a continental plate converge.

Answers

Answer:

b. two continental plates converse

The most intense earthquakes happen at
1. Plate boundaries
2.subduction zones
3.mid - ocean ridges
4. Collision plate boundaries

Answers

Answer:

The answer is #2. Subduction Zones

is what a drug does to your body. O a) Irrigation b) Pharmacodynamics c) Excretion d) Pharmacokinetics

Answers

Explanation:

Option b is the correct one

Their correct it is B

Explain in detail what caused the population of peppered moths to change from mostly light-colored variations to mostly dark-colored variations in the 1800s. Explain how the peppered moth mutation is an example of natural selection. Explain what would happen to the populations of both variations of peppered moth once the pollution disappeared. Determine which variation of the peppered moth would be more successful in your neighborhood, and explain in detail your reasoning supporting your conclusion. Predict what may happen to the population of peppered moths if they were relocated to a lush, green rainforest ecosystem. How would this impact natural selection and their struggle to survive?

Answers

Answer:

Natural selection caused the population of peppered moths to change from mostly light-colored variations to mostly dark-colored variations in the 1800s. Pepper colored moths camouflaged among trees but after industrial revolution the couldn't because of soot, which camouflaged black moths; hence, they were preyed upon more.

Cellular respiration produces

Answers

The products of cellular respiration are ATP, oxygen and water

What is DNA??????????

Answers

Answer:

DNA, short for deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms. This includes animals, plants, protists, archaea and bacteria. DNA is in each cell in the organism and tells cells what proteins to make. ... DNA is inherited by children from their parents.

Explanation:

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule present in the nucleus of cells of all living beings and that carries all the genetic information of an organism.

It is formed by a spiral-shaped double strand (double helix), composed of nucleotides.


What is an ecosystem?

Answers

Answer:

An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. ... Ecosystems can be very large or very small.

Explanation:

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An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. ... Ecosystems can be very large or very small.

What is the chain of custody?
A) the order of who gets custody of the crime scene
B) the paper trail of every person that has been in contact with the evidence throughout its seizure, collection, preservation, analysis and
disposition
C) the order of suspects
D) the people who have custody of children until the case is closed


Answers

The answer is b, the paper trail of every person that has been in contact with the evidence route and seizure collection preservation analyze and it depart

A characteristic is a feature that helps to identify something. How would you describe a characteristic of a good movie or book?

Answers

- descriptive language (book)
- interesting plot
- fitting sound effects/lighting (movie)
- conflict
- pictures
-

White a paragraph comparing the organices in a to the organs in your body.

Answers

Answer:

An organ is a part of the body of a living organism perform a specific role in the body such as the stomach, the liver and many more. Organelles on other hand are like organs of the cells that are contained in the cytoplasm of cell these also have a certain specialized roles to play for the cell, and they all depend on each other. The example of the organelles are nucleus, mitochondria and many more.

* Organelles are structures inside the cytoplasm of cells

* Organs are amde up of tissues composed of group of specialized cells that, has a particular role in the body

Amoeba sisters video recap Biomagnification

Answers

I suggest you watch the Amoeba Sisters video again, 1-2x and take notes.

Biomagnification is when toxins / heavy metal are present in small amounts in fish, but accumulate as you move into higher trophic levels. This is one reason why it can be toxic for humans to eat tertiary or quaternary consumers, such as swordfish, shark, etc.

Biomagnification refers to the presence of higher concentration of chemical toxins as a result of the accumulation of toxins in organisms.

What is biomagnigication?

Biomagnification is best explained as a condition in which the chemical concentration of a toxin is amplified in an organism compared to the environment in which the organism is found.

Biomagnification usually is observed as one goes higher in the trophic levels of organisms.

For example, chemical pollutant found in water may be present at tolerable levels. However, in organisms, living in the water, the concentration of the pollutant is higher as these organisms accumulate these toxins in their tissues.

Therefore, biomagnification refers to the accumulation of toxins in organisms higher than found in their environment.

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Please read the article Why Cats Have Nine Lives by Jared Diamond. Our analysis did not attempt to
answer the question of "Why" cats survive they way they do from different heights. What are some of
the assumptions the author makes that he uses in an attempt to answer this new question?

Answers

The author assumes that the question can be answered by applying principles of anatomy, physics and evolutionary biology. First reason he suggests is that cats are small and they have a favourable mass-surface area ratio. Next, he suggests that cats have soft tissues that absorb the shock and they land on all four limbs, dividing the shock. This is because of their body shape and its centre of gravity. He says that felines have this kind of body structure (that canines lack) because years of falling from trees etc. has evolved their body in this way.

The following assumptions that stem from the Straightforward theory were used by the author to explain why cats have nine lives. They include;

The larger mass of bigger animals causes more impact stress on landing.The unique vestibular systems of the cats and the gyroscopic turns they make that have their four feet pointing downwards before landing.The cats reach terminal velocity faster and extend their limbs reflexly to absorb the shock from the fall.The dissipation of the impact force due to their flexed limbs.Lastly, their evolutionary history that has seen them falling from trees frequently over the years.

In his article, Jared Diamond profers several reasons why he believes that cats tend to suffer fewer injuries and fatalities after falling from different heights.

He believes that their mass which is lower in comparison to humans makes it possible for them to not suffer much impact force on landing.

The gyroscopic turns they make before landing makes it easier for them to land on their four feet thus suffering fewer injuries to the arms.

Their evolutionary history is another factor. Over the years, they have adapted so well to falling from heights.

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How does energy acquisition in the deep sea differ from energy acquisition near the ocean’s surface?
a.
Organisms in the deep sea acquire energy directly from the sun.
b.
Organisms near the ocean’s surface rely on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis.
c.
Organisms in the deep sea do not have direct access to sunlight.
d.
Organisms in the deep sea have no means to obtain energy unless they travel to the ocean’s surface.

Answers

Answer:

Organisms in the deep sea acquire energy directly from the sun.

DNA is negatively charged. Therefore, it is
O hydrophilic
O hydrophobic

Answers

DNA is hydrophilic in nature

Lectins often bind their ligands via multiple weak interactions. bind their ligands with relatively low specificity. prevent viruses from binding to their target cells. are carbohydrates that bind to receptor proteins.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - B.often bind their ligands via multiple weak interactions.

Explanation:

Lectins are specific types of proteins that identify and bind to specific carbohydrates present on the cell surfaces. They have an essential role in interactions and communication between various cells for identification and recognition.

Binding sites of lectins on the surface of one cell bind to the Carbohydrates on the surface of another cell. A lectin usually has two or more binding sites for carbohydrate units.

1. An oral examination limits the practitioner to knowledge of what is seen clinically.
a. True
b. False

2. Dental radiographs allow the practitioner to see many conditions that are not apparent clinically.
a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

1. True.

2. True.

Explanation:

Diagnostic testing can be defined as a scientific process that typically involves identifying a condition or its cause through a series of procedures and examination.

In Medicine, a diagnostic test can be used to identify a disease (sickness) or cause of symptoms.

This ultimately implies that, a diagnostic test avails medical professionals or experts the opportunity to identify illnesses and underlying causes of symptoms.

1. True: an oral examination limits the ability of a medical professional or expert (practitioner) to have knowledge of what is seen clinically.

2. True: dental radiographs is an equipment which allow a medical professional or expert (practitioner) to see many conditions that are not apparent clinically.

In terms of the hierarchical scales of biological organization, __1__ are a very large scale, __2__ are a very small scale, and __3__ is between them.

Answers

Answer:

ecosystem, and biosphere

organelle and cells

tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities,

Explanation:

In terms of the hierarchical scales of biological organization, ecosystem, and biosphere are a very large scale,  organelle and cells are a very small scale, and tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations and communities, are present between them. The biological levels of organization of living things arranged from the simplest to most complex are organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and biosphere.

an organism that uses oxygen to break down food to obtain energy

Answers

The aerobic resplratlon. It’s the answer nothing more to say

root (b) A sugarcane is monocotyledon; therefore it has _______________________ root​

Answers

Answer:

it has fibrious roots

Explanation:

it has fibrious root because it has monocot leaf so, if there was decot leaf then it will be tap root

Which of the three soil types will be best for vegetable farming?
1. loam
2. clay
3. silt loam​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:1

What is the classification of Ubiquitin Screening Services?

Creative Bioarray offers a wide range of cell-based ubiquitin drug target services, including deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) profiling services, inducible degrader of LDLR (IDOL)-E3 ligase assays, custom HTS-compatible assays, and so on.

https://dda.creative-bioarray.com/ubiquitin-screening.html

Answers

Answer:

Creative Biogene is a leading company offering the best ubiquitin screening and profiling services. As a well-known expert in this field, our talented scientists provide support, expertise, experience, collaboration and customization to meet your specific demands. Creative Biogene is dedicated to offering a range of state-of-the-art ubiquitin assays services to support the rapidly growing academic and commercial drug discovery interests in this field.

What are the main structural supports for the vertebrae

Answers

Answer:

Intervertebral Discs

Explanation:

Between each vertebral body is a cushion; the intervertebral disc. Discs absorb stresses the body incurs during movement and prevents vertebrae from grinding against one another. The intervertebral discs are the largest structures in the body without a vascular supply

Answer:

The dorsal hollow nerve cord

Explanation:

The dorsal hollow nerve cord develops into the central nervous system;the brain and spine

Growers often wrap potted plants in plastic sleeves prior to shipping. If plants remain in these sleeves too long, their leaves curl and fall off. Imagine you are working at a garden center and have been asked to make a presentation to a local garden club. Unit 5 DQ Question: Explain the processes that may cause the leaves to drop and fall.

Answers

Answer:

Shock, age and climate.

Explanation:

The processes that may cause the leaves to drop and fall are shock, age and climate. The plants drop their leaves due to shock when they experience by transplanting from place to another. When the leaves get older having yellow colour so due to no function it falls. The climatic condition is also responsible for the dropping of leaves. Those plants which can't grow in cool season so when the winter comes they shed their leaves and wait for the summer season.

In a certain breed of dog, the alleles B and b determine black and brown coats respectively. However, the allele Q of a gene on a separate chromosome is epistatic to the B and b color alleles resulting in a gray coat (q has no effect on color). If animals of genotype B/b ; Q/q are intercrossed, what phenotypic ratio is expected in the progeny

Answers

Answer:

12 gray , 3 black, 1 brown

Explanation:

If Q allele of a gene on a separate chromosomes is epistatic to the B (black) and b (brown) color alleles, in cross between two animals with genotypes BbQq produces 12 gray coat color, 3 black coat color and 1 brown coat color animals.

                                        BbQq      x      BbQq

                                   Gray coat        Gray coat

                   BQ                  Bq                 bQ                 bq

   BQ    BBQQ(gray)  BBQq(gray)   BbQQ(gray)   BbQq(gray)

   Bq     BBQq(gray)   BBqq(Black)  BbQq(gray)   Bbqq(Black)

   bQ     BbQQ(gray)  BbQq(gray)   bbQQ(gray)   bbQq(gray)

   bq     BbQq(Gray)   Bbqq(Black)  bbQq(gray)    bbqq(brown)

So the phenotypic ratio is  Gray : Black : Brown

                                        =      12  :      3   :      1

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Here are data on two companies. The T-bill rate is 4% and the market risk premium is 6%.What would be the fair return for $1 Discount Store according to the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) Which of the following correlation coefficient would represent the Strongest correlation? A) 0.12 B) -0.56 C) -0.91 D) 84. If a wire lies withina magnetic field what must be true for the magnetic field to produce an electric current in the wire Gary Marks is paid on a monthly basis. For the month of January of the current year, he earned a total of $9,138. FICA tax for Social Security is 6.2% on the first $128,400 of earnings each calendar year and the FICA tax for Medicare is 1.45% of all earnings. The FUTA tax rate is 0.6%, and the SUTA tax rate is 5.4%. Both unemployment taxes are applied to the first $7,000 of an employee's pay. The amount of Federal Income Tax withheld from his earnings was $1,516.27. What is the amount of the employer's payroll taxes expenses for this employee Explain how advance planning can make juggling a busy schedule easier. What type of planning tools are available? An older woman is transported to the hospital on Thanksgiving Day. While visiting with family for the holiday, the woman fell out of her chair and was unresponsive to her family. Upon arrival to the emergency department, the family reports that the woman lives independently. Before her current state, she recognized family members and was speaking normally. She begins to arouse, and her family notes that she seems unaware of her surroundings and does not respond to questions.A defect of recognition may be tactile, visual, or auditory. These are known as:___________ Could someone help me please Cules son las principales formas de escritura de Amrica antes de la conquista de los espaoles? if masquiteos have babys in water then can the have babbies in fog Assume you deposit $5,000 at the end of each year into an account paying 9.5 percent interest. a. How much money will you have in the account in 19 years Let America be America again Which statement best expresses how the author develops thesecond speaker's point of view?A The second speaker agrees with the first speaker but wantseveryone in America to be happy and free.B The second speaker questions the first speaker and explainsthat there are lots of people who are treated unfairly inAmerica.C The second speaker builds on what the first speakerdescribes as America becoming a place again whereeveryone is happy and free.D The second speaker disagrees with the first speaker andexplains the history of those people who have been treatedunfairly in America. . Katia ______go to university next yearA. is hoping to B. I hope C. is hope to The Fed threw a lot of money at the financial crisis in 2008 to unfreeze credit markets and encourage economic activity. As part of its effort to keep the interest rate low, the Fed purchased government bonds worth $300 billion between March and September 2009. By October, the Fed held $770 billion in government securities, nearly double its pre-crisis total. Before the crisis, the Fed held mainly government securities, which it used to control the quantity of money in the economy. Now government securities make up just 35% of the Fed's balance sheet.Explain how the Fed uses its government securities to control the nominal interest rate When the Fed purchases government securities, bank reserves ______ and bank deposits ______.A. increase; increase B. decrease; increase C. decrease; decrease D. increase; decrease Divide: (2n3+4n9)(n+2). Explain how and why the United States shifted from a republic to more of a democracy. What is the balanced form of the chemical equation shown below?Ca(OH)2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) CaCO3(s) + NaOH(aq)A. Ca(OH)2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) CaCO3(s) + 2NaOH(aq)B. 2Ca(OH)2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) 2CaCO3(s) + 2NaOH(aq)C. CaOH(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) CaCO3(s) + Na2OH(aq)D. Ca(OH)2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) CaCO3(s) + NaOH(aq) Pueden ayudarme por favor? The mass of the sun is 2*10^30 kg and its radius is6.96*10^8 m. what is the weight of 1kg mass on thesurface of the sun. HELPPP PLSSSSMylo is tracking the amount of calories he is consuming each day, along with his amount of exercise. He also takes his basal metabolic rate into consideration, which is 1,780 calories per day. At the end of the first day, he has consumed 2,000 calories in food and beverages and burned 450 calories with intense cardio training, giving him a 230 calorie deficit for the day. What will most likely be the outcome if Mylo continues this pattern for multiple weeks?A. He will gain weight.B. He will lose weight.C. His weight will stay about the same.D. His weight will shift up and down i want to learn german so whats the easiest word thats not hi