how did lineage groups effect hierarchical structures within african societies?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

One common social structure among ethnic groups in sub-Saharan Africa is segmentary lineage organisation. Segmentary lineage societies are characterised by the foremost importance of kin relationships in determining individuals’ social and political allegiances, as well as their patterns of residence.1 Several anthropologists have posited a direct link between segmentary lineage organisation and violent conflict (especially Evans-Pritchard 1940 and Sahlins 1961, but also Bohannon 1958, Kelly 1985, Lewis 1961, 1989, 1994, Salzman 2007). In particular, they argue that clearly defined allegiances based on genealogy make segmentary lineage societies well designed to mobilise combatants for conflict. To our knowledge, however, this relationship has never been studied systematically or empirically.

Consider the diagram in Figure 1 of a hypothetical (patrilineal) segmentary lineage society. Triangles represent men and each row represents a generation. All individuals descend from a common ancestor ‘I’ and are also members of smaller lineage segments with other individuals who are increasingly closely related to them. In Figure 1, if individual ‘i’ were to have a dispute with individual ‘ix,’ all individuals belonging to ‘Major Segment A’ would be allied with, and come to the defence of, individual ‘i.’  Similarly, all individuals in ‘Major Segment B’ would be allied with and come to the defence of individual ‘ix.’ Thus, a dispute between two individuals escalates into a dispute between two large communities, as individuals mobilise to support members of their lineage or lineage segment.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Lineage groups in African societies influenced hierarchies by shaping power distribution, social status, leadership and resource access based on kinship ties.

African societies hierarchical structures were significantly shaped by lineage groups. These groups, which were frequently based on kinship ties and ancestry, influenced how power, authority and resources were allocated which helped to create social hierarchies. Lineage groups controlled social standing, power dynamics and access to resources like land and employment opportunities in many African cultures.

The hierarchy was reinforced by the fact that chiefs and leaders frequently came from illustrious families. However, lineage groups had different effects in various African societies. While they could support hierarchical structures, they also gave communities a sense of identity, support and social cohesion.

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Related Questions

What best describes the protests at the 1968 Democratic convention in Chicago

Answers

Answer:

Protestors Take Over Lincoln Park

In July 1968, MOBE and yippie activists applied for permits to camp at Lincoln Park and hold rallies at the International Amphitheatre, Soldier Field and Grant Park. Hoping to dilute the protestors’ momentum, Mayor Daley approved only one permit to protest at the bandshell at Grant Park.

About a week before the convention, despite not having permission, thousands of protestors—many of them from out of state and from middle-class families—set up camp at Lincoln Park, about ten miles from the Amphitheatre. Expecting resistance, protest leaders organized self-defense training sessions including karate and snake dancing.

In the meantime, Democratic Party delegates began arriving in a Chicago that was rapidly approaching a state of siege: National Guardsmen and policemen met their planes. Their hotels were under heavy guard and the convention Amphitheatre was a virtual fortress.

The answer is What they said ^^

Why do some people consider the way the media cover candidates for public office bad for democracy
A. People tend to vote for the candidates who they find most appealing, rather than the ones
whose beliefs are most like their own.
B. The media are for-profit businesses, unable to be fair or objective in the interest of the public.
C. Candidates already in office receive more media attention than those who are trying to take their positions
D. People always vote for the person the media determine is most qualified, rather than the
candidate who can bring about change.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Answers

Answer:

A. People tend to vote for the candidates who they find most appealing, rather than the ones whose

beliefs are most like their own.

Explanation:

Answer:

I'm going to pick B because it's another way of saying the media is biased.

Explanation:

Well it's not A. They tend not to think about beliefs at all. Some people just vote. Sometimes people just vote for anyone who promises to give them more than any other candidate.

B: I think that's true now, but in days past it certainly wasn't. Watergate was an example of outstanding media coverage. Fox news is an example of the statement made in B.

C: C is certainly true.  But I don't know that it is the answer.

D: I'd pick D except for the most qualified part. People listen to the media and believe what they are told.

So what's the answer? The problem is that democracy is not the issue or at least not now. If you are talking about the present time, likely the best answer is B.

What was the Antifederalists' main reason for opposing the new Constitution? What addition to the
Constitution helped ease this opposition?

Answers

The Antifederalists opposed it because they thought it would bring too much power into one national body, the Constitution. Their idea was that equal authority should be spread among all states so individual rights can be protected. Although the Federalists thought it would unnecessary, they still promised for a Bill of Rights in order to compromise with the Antifederalists to establish the Constitution.

China uses its lumber supply to make millions of __________ each year. A. shoes B. weapons C. chop sticks D. bamboo drums Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Answers

C. chop sticks, China uses its lumber to millions of chop sticks.

Answer:

Your answer would be C hope that helps you out

Explanation:

porque medusa era diferente a otras mujeres en su entorno?

Answers

According to Hesiod’s Theogony, Medusa was one of the three Gorgon sisters born to Keto and Phorkys, two primordial sea gods; Medusa was mortal, while the others, Stheno and Euryale, were immortal.

Who was appointed to write the Declaration of Independence?
James Madison
Thomas Jefferson
John Locke
Thomas Paine
Mark this and retum
Save and Exit
Next
Submi

Answers

Answer:

Thomas Jefferson

Explanation:

"A committee of five delegates was appointed by the Second Continental Congress to write the Declaration of Independence on 11th June 1776.

The committee of five decided that Thomas Jefferson would write the first draft of the document."- History of My America Article

Hope this helps!

Answer: The answer is:

B: Thomas Jefferson

Explanation:

Edge 2023

Hope this h :}

Plsss helpp , marking brainliest as well

Answers

The order would be 7000 BC then 6000 BC, then AD 250 and finally AD 450.

I need help on the crossing movie


1. How many Hessians were taken prisoner and how many Americans were killed or wounded at the Battle of Trenton?


2. How many months after the American Declaration of Independence was the Battle of Trenton fought?







3. In the Battle of Trenton, the Continentals outnumbered the Hessians almost 2 to 1. The Hessians were surprised and were poorly led. Why was this victory considered so important?









4. Where did the Hessians come from and why were they fighting for the British?









5. What would probably have happened to the American Revolution had Washington not crossed the Delaware and engaged the Hessians at Trenton at the end of December, 1776?









6. One of the memorable incidents shown in the film is Washington making a joke at the expense of General Knox, his commander of artillery. The novelist and screenwriter, Howard Fast, found a reference to this in the memoirs of some of the soldiers who were present. What role did Washington's joke play in his leadership at the Battle of Trenton?









7. Describe three actions other than cracking the joke about General Knox that Washington took which showed leadership at Trenton.





8. Washington was described as one of those rare few who, under fire, appeared to be without fear. Why is this important in a military leader?









9. After the battle, the character of General Greene asks the character of General Washington to speak with Colonel Rall before Rall dies. Washington replies: "Do you want me to weep for those b******, men who kill for profit?" General Greene responds that: "Our own cause at its heart is a fight against taxation, is it not? In the end, we all kill for profit, the British and the Hessians and us." Do you agree with the character of General Greene that the American Revolution was fought for money?







10. (Be honest; Don't deceive, cheat or steal; Be reliable -- do what you say you'll do; Have the courage to do the right thing; Build a good reputation; Be loyal -- stand by your family, friends and country) The Battle of Trenton shows the Continental troops demonstrating this Pillar. What did they do?

Answers

Answer:

did u actually type all this

dude u got time

just eat and sleep

Which statement best describes how globalization is affecting the world?
Globalization is growing less important as time passes,
The world is becoming more globalized and connected,
Globalization has resulted in fewer connections among countries,
O Countries are growing less likely to wade with one another

Answers

Answer:

The world is becoming more globalized and connected.

what was a result of the twenty-fourth amendment

Answers

Answer:

On this date in 1962, the House passed the 24th Amendment, outlawing the poll tax as a voting requirement in federal elections, by a vote of 295 to 86. At the time, five states maintained poll taxes which disproportionately affected African-American voters: Virginia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Texas.

Prohibition on any poll taxes in elections

Which statement describes joint committees?

Answers

Answer:

They contain members from both major political parties.

Once created, they will continue to function unless disbanded by the passage of a law.

Explanation:

They contain members from both major political parties.

Once created, they will continue to function unless disbanded by the passage of a law. Or A

joint committee - Committees including membership from both houses of Congress. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation. Chairmanship usually alternates between the House and Senate members from Congress to Congress.

Why are these details about the soldiers important to the author's main message?

Answers

Answer:

POQ SIUE

Explanation:

What is the main point Engels is making in this passage?

Answers

Industrialization has created poor living conditions for the people.

Which best describes why Women's Christian Temperance Union was formed? Members were concerned about the impact of new ideas on their communities. Members were concerned about the impact of alcohol on their communities. Members wanted to organize distillery workers, who had few rights. Members wanted more religious freedom for their families.

Answers

Answer:

Members were concerned about the impact of alcohol on their communities.

Explanation:

The women christian temperance union was a religious organization that was formed for the main objective of addressing and combating the influence of alcoholic drinks in families and in the society at large. This organization was formed in the year 1874 in Cleveland Ohio. Alcohol was blamed for the decline in culture, immorality, increased violence and death. Hence the need to combat alcohol intake.

Statement that best describes why Women's Christian Temperance Union was formed is Members were concerned about the impact of alcohol on their communities.

What is Women's Christian Temperance Union?

This are Union that are formed to sensitize about effect of alcohol in the body.

Therefore, Women's Christian Temperance Union was formed is Members were concerned about the impact of alcohol

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What is the history of classical Economics?​

Answers

ANSWER

Classical economic theory was developed shortly after the birth of western capitalism. It refers to the dominant school of thought for economics in the 18th and 19th centuries. Classical economic theory helped countries to migrate from monarchic rule to capitalistic democracies with self-regulation.

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Which statement best describes a similarity between the two historians arguments

Answers

Answer: Both try to persuade the reader by only including details that support thier arguments.

Explanation:

You didn't give the arguments of the historians and I searched online but couldn't get the arguments as well.

I made some further searches and the answer to the question should be that "Both try to persuade the reader by only including details that support thier arguments".

which policy is most similar to soviet totalitarianism under joseph stalin

Answers

Explanation:

Empowering the police to monitor citizens at all times

The first police shortly created after the overthrow of the Tsarist regime, would be an instrument to be used in a totalitarian command

The secret police of Stalin NKVD was a force that drew later under Stalin the totalitarian policy most scandalous for carrying out Stalin's Purges.

The secret police was mostly used for securing that Stalin would stay in power indefinitely,

The alleged national security and their aims were far beyond and contributed for cruel work camps, famines and social engineering.

They wanted to create conditions for a new socialist system to born.

Stalin also used the NKVD for eliminating close people to him when he became suspicious.

Periodically he will use systematically "cleaning lists" for setting a quota of people to be killed.

what makes a crater fire?

Answers

Answer:

Coal,Oak Wood, Charcoal,Gasoline

Explanation:

what is a crater fire

Which statement BEST describes life in the Soviet Union under totalitarian leader Joseph Stalin?

Answers

Answer:

well I don't know what the statements you can choose are,but I'd say that life under joseph stalin was filled with fear and required you to be completely loyal and supportive of Stalin

Answer:

Millions of people died under the reign of Stalin, since his main goal was keeping power.

Explanation:

The military districts shown on the map were created during Reconstruction to
A
create economic and social equality in the South.
B
pay for the physical rebuilding of the South
move Native American Indians to reservations.
D
govern the former Confederate states.

Answers

Govern the former Confederate states (because they resented the Union's authority and overbearingness).

The military districts shown on the map were created during the Reconstruction Era to govern the Confederate States. Hence, option D is appropriate.

What is the Reconstruction Era?

The Reconstruction era has been referred to as the time from the American Civil war days to the Era of Compromise. Broadly speaking, the Reconstruction Era went on from 1865-1890. The reconstruction Era was a phase of great historical value in the Americas.

The main and most important thing was that during the Reconstruction Era, the African Americans, or the number of slaves who had been freed were now being put under the citizenship of the United States. It was in simpler terms patch up where the newly freed southern states of the African American slaves were to be incorporated within the Union.

The Reconstruction Era saw various discrepancies between the Federal government and the government of the states. The Reconstruction Era sought to merge African Americans with that Whites. Hence, option D is correct.

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Kareem wants to make the most logical choice about what do after high school. Which advice would help him do that?

A. Make a choice based on costs exceeding benefits.

B. Make a choice with no opportunity cost.

C. Make a choice based on a rational decision-making model.

D. Make a choice with no trade-offs.​

Answers

Answer:

C make a choice based on a rational decision making model

Explanation:

She has to know what career will be the best that she wants to do but will cover all cost that she ha s to live

Kareem wants to make the most logical choice about what to do after high school. The best advice to help make a choice based on a rational decision-making model. Thus, the option (c) is correct.

What is school?

The term school refers to the education institute are involved in students and teachers. The teacher is a guide for the student. The teacher work to teach the student as related to the study, courses, and future guidance. The student is benefit to go to school because they are effectively communicate, built punctuality, decorum, ethics, and value are increased.

Kareem wants to take confused to choose the career after the high school. The rational decision-making model is based on choose to the best outcomes. The person have multiple choices to doesn't select one option that's time are best option use rational model.

The rational model first step is identify the problem, second step to criteria of your choices, observe the criteria, create option list for best suitable, last is finalize the favorable option.

Therefore, the option (c) is correct.

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3 How many wars were fought against the Xhosa Kingdom?

Answers

Answer:

3 to 7 wars

Explanation:

hope it helps!!!

Answer:

Nine wars

Explanation:

Nine wars were fought against the Xhosa Kingdom

Which general was responsible for laying waste to the Southern countryside in his "march to the sea"?
O George McClellan
O Robert E. Lee
O Ulysses S. Grant
O William Tecumseh Sherman

Answers

Answer: D) William Tecumseh Sherman

Explanation:

Answer:

William Tecumseh Sherman

Explanation:

Sherman and his men torched everything that had any kind of military value in Atlanta. They then marched towards the sea leaving a trail of destruction throughout Georgia in the process.

What are two features of the Industrial Revolution of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries?

Answers

Answer:

many farmers became industrial workers

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer is 3 and 5

3. many farmers became industrial workers.

5. people moved from rural places to urban areas.

Explanation:

none needed im right

What effect did Kennedy's inaugural speech have on his approval rating?

A.
increased it

B.
decreased it

C.
didn't affect it

D.
approval ratings weren't measured

Answers

Answer:

the correct answer is option ( A )

his approval rating was increased

Explanation:

Hope it helps you

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Which is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

A- President Johnson vetoed the bill, but Congress overrode his veto.

B- Radical Republicans voted against its passage in Congress.

C- It gave voting rights to all men and women over the age of 18.

D- It restored all seceded states back into the Union.

Answers

QUESTION

Which is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

A- President Johnson vetoed the bill, but Congress over rode his vétø.

B- Radical Republicans voted against its passage in Congress.

C- It gave voting rights to all men and women over the age of 18.

D- It restored all sécédéd states back into the Union.

ANSWER

A

EXPLANATION

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 declared all persons born in the United States to be citizens, "without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude." Although President Andrew Johnson vetoed the legislation, that veto was overturned by the 39th United States Congress and the and the bill became law. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the nation's first civil rights law.

What were the immediate results of the November 1917 Bolshevik Revolution

Answers

the provisional government under Alexander Kerensky was overthrown by Vladimir Lenin and his Bolshevik followers who then took power to themselves alone rather than sharing.

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how different groups of Native Americans adapted to the amount of rainfall they received

Answers

North America features an incredible range of environments, and the people who first lived here had to adapt to each of them. This lesson explores cultural adaptations to diverse climates and what America looked like to those who lived here first. this is what I got

Which of these services were provided by the Freedmen’s Bureau?
legal help and membership in political parties
legal help and schools for African Americans
medical care and small plots of land for rent
medical care and employment in city factories

Answers

Legal help and schools for African Americans is the answer.

Te parece que la pintura representa una situación de la realidad? Explica.

Answers

Answer:

Answer to the following question is as follows;

Explanation:

Art is characterised in truly representative theory by its capacity to represent reality. This is not to say that art must constantly replicate reality, but it must portray reality in some manner (even if it is through metaphor). As a result, the fundamental link between individuals and art is one of observation rather than feeling.

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