How did Islam, the Crusades, and the Black Death directly or indirectly led to the rise of Spanish and Portuguese maritime exploration in the late 1400s and early 1500s?

Answer:

The development of Islam, the Crusades and the black plague were crucial factors that directly and indirectly influenced the maritime exploration by Portugal and Spain in the 1400s and 1500s.

The expansion of Islam, which emerged in Arabia, meant that Muslims took control of large numbers of trade routes. This motivated the European kingdoms to carry out different confrontations to recover these territories, such as the Spanish Reconquest or the Crusades towards the Holy Land, among others. In all cases, they were Christian European armies, against Islamic forces from the Middle East.

In turn, these military clashes also involved cultural and social exchanges, generated from the establishment of European kingdoms in the Middle East, and through the development of the Silk Road as the main commercial route of the time. This contact generated the breeding ground for the development of the Black Death, a pandemic that devastated Europe in the 1300s, closing the borders with the east.

Finally, to the tension between the religions and the Black Death was added the fall of Constantinople in 1453 at the hands of the Ottomans, a Muslim empire that came to control the main passage between Europe and the East.

All these situations, added together, gave rise to the need to find new routes to China and India, the main import and export markets of the time, avoiding going through the routes controlled by the Muslims. Thus, the European nations began to explore the seas.

Which of the following best describes the total consumption of all fossil fuels in 2040 compared to the consumption of nuclear energy in 2040?


A. Consumption of fossil fuels will be approximately 13 times greater than consumption of nuclear energy.

B. Consumption of fossil fuels will be approximately 9 times greater than consumption of nuclear energy.

C. Consumption of fossil fuels will be approximately 5 times greater than consumption of nuclear energy.

D. Consumption of fossil fuels will be approximately 4 times greater than consumption of nuclear energy.

At 25oC three moles of a gas occupy a volume of 4.0 L at 1.9 kPa If the volume increases to 8.0 L what will the new pressure be?

Amanda is a college student who just transferred to a new university to start the spring semester. She sees a flier for a student-run religious club and decides to attend the next meeting with the hopes of making some new friends. When she arrives, it soon becomes clear that the people there already know each other well, and that she is the only new face in the crowd. She plans to attend a few more meetings before she decides to make this club a routine part of her weekly schedule. (There are two parts to this question)

A. How could each of the following help play a role in Amanda's desire for new friends? Use different examples for each concept. Be sure to relate your example to the situation.
1. Schachter two-factor theory
2. The mere exposure effect
3. Locus of control
B. How could each of the following hinder Amanda's desire for new friends? Use a different example for each concept. Be sure to relate your example to the situation.
1. Regression
2. Circadian rhythm
3. In-group bias.

Your ability to invest depends on your _____ financial strength. Group of answer choices existing past expected future

Fingerprints are unique, and no two people have the same print. The prints do not change throughout an individual’s lifetime, and they have general (3) that allow them to be classified.


3a. Shapes

3b. Patterns

3c. Characteristics

Which instrument family do you think the shakuhachi belongs to?

what is the meaning of consideration?

One of the best choices you can make for yourself is learning to make hard decisions about money.

True

False

Which expression is equivalent to 4 (x + 2)? 6 x 4 (x) + 4 (2) 4 (x) + 4 8x

The desire for spices and other trade goods was a direct cause of:
A) American expansion into Africa and Asia.
B) Asian expansion into the Americas and Europe.
C) African exploration of the Americas, Europe, and Asia.
D) European exploration and colonization of the Americas, Africa, and Asia.

The Fed sets a Reserve Requirement of 20%. A citizen takes $5000 from their cash holdings and places the money into a bank. Based on this action What is the initial amount the bank can lend out based on the deposit?