Answer:
American Jewish history commenced in 1492 with the expulsion of Jews from Spain. This action set off a period of intense Jewish migration. Seeking to escape the clutches of the Holy Inquisition, some Jews in the sixteenth century sought refuge in the young Calvinist republic of The Netherlands. A century later, hundreds of their descendants crossed the ocean to settle in the new Dutch colony of Recife in Brazil, where Jewish communal life became possible for the first time in the New World. When Portugal recaptured this colony in 1654, its Jews scattered. Refugees spread through the Dutch Caribbean, beginning fresh Jewish communities. A boatload of about 23 Jews sailed into the remote Dutch port of New Amsterdam and requested permission to remain. This marked the beginning of Jewish communal life in North America.
Colonial Jews never exceeded one tenth of one percent of the American population, yet they established patterns of Jewish communal life that persisted for generations.
First, most Jews lived in cosmopolitan port cities like New York and Newport where opportunities for commerce and trade abounded, and people of diverse backgrounds and faiths lived side by side.
Second, many early American Jewish leaders and institutions were Sephardic, meaning that their origins traced to the Jewish communities of the Iberian peninsula. Sephardic Jews maintained cultural hegemony in Jewish life into the early nineteenth century, although by then Ashkenazi Jews, meaning Jews who traced their origins to Germany, had long been more numerous.
Third, Jews organized into synagogue-communities. Savannah, Charleston, Philadelphia, New York, and Newport each had one synagogue that assumed responsibility for the religious and communal needs of all local Jews.
The American Revolution marked a turning point not only in American Jewish history, but in modern Jewish history generally. Never before had a major nation committed itself so definitively to the principles of freedom and democracy in general and to religious freedom in particular. Jews and members of other minority religions could dissent from the religious views of the majority without fear of persecution. Jews still had to fight for their rights on the state level, and they continued to face various forms of prejudice nationwide. However, many Jews benefited materially from the Revolution and interacted freely with their non-Jewish neighbors. Having shed blood for their country side by side with their Christian fellows, Jews as a group felt far more secure than they had in colonial days. They asserted their rights openly and, if challenged, defended themselves both vigorously and self-confidently.
In the nineteenth century, American Jews, seeking to strengthen Judaism against its numerous Christian competitors in the marketplace of American religions, introduced various religious innovations, some of them borrowed from their neighbors. Young Jews in Charleston, dissatisfied with the "apathy and neglect" they saw manifested toward their religion, somewhat influenced by the spread of Unitarianism, fearful of Christian missionary activities that had begun to be directed toward local Jews, and, above all, passionately concerned about Jewish survival in a free society, created the breakaway "Reformed Society of Israelites for Promoting True Principles of Judaism According to Its Purity and Spirit." This was America's first Reform congregation, with an abbreviated service, vernacular prayers, and regular sermons. Traditional congregations also "Protestantized" some of their practices, introducing regular English sermons and more decorous modes of worship.
Meanwhile, communal leaders, led by the Traditionalist Jewish religious leader of Philadelphia, Isaac Leeser, emulated and adapted Protestant benevolent and education techniques--Sunday schools, hospitals, the religious press, charitable societies, and the like--in order to strengthen Judaism in the face of pressures upon Jews to convert. Among other things, Leeser produced an Anglo-Jewish translation of the Bible, founded a Jewish publication society, and edited a Jewish periodical, The Occident and American Jewish Advocate, which attempted in its pages to unite the diverse voices of the American Jewish community. He also rallied his community to respond to incidents of anti-Jewish persecution around the world.
Even though Ashkenazic Jews outnumbered Sephardic Jews as early as 1720, the first German Jewish immigrants joined Sephardic synagogues rather than founding their own institutions. As poverty, persecution, and political disillusionment swept through Central Europe in the first half of the nineteenth century, German and Polish Jewish immigration to America swelled. Distinctly German-speaking Jewish institutions multiplied. Jews also moved beyond the Eastern seaboard at this time, seeking opportunities in the frontier communities of the Midwest, South, and West.
i) The German Nazis gave force and oppressed them. Therefore, the Jews felt difficult to live in Germany and the countries like it.
ii) Due to the excess pressure in Europe, the Jews started to immigrate to America.
iii) But at the same time, America feared to allow the expulsion of Jewish refugees from Europe to their country.
what specific laws and events led to increased sectional tensions between the north and south from 1840 to 1860?
The Fugitive Slave Act, Bleeding Kansas, the Wilmot Proviso, the Compromise of 1850, Uncle Tom's Cabin, the Dred Scott decision, John Brown's Raid, the Lincoln-Douglas debates, and finally Lincoln's election
What happened to the American communist party in the decade following world war 1
Answer:
Its membership dropped sharply,Started at 60,000 members in 1919, down to 24,000 by 1928
what was the social and cultural impact of world war 1
Answer:
The war needed women workers- both in larger numbers and in new kinds of work. 6 million men of working age were taken out of the economy into the armed forces and around a million women entered the workforce. By 1918, women made up 1/3 of the total workforce.
Answer:
6 million men of working age were taken out of the economy into the armed forces and around a million women entered the workforce.
Explanation:
World War I inspired many different emotions and opinions that became tangible in the vast amount of literature created during this time period. Women grew in status tremendously. In every part of the world, the shortage of males led to females doing "man's work".
Alcohol abuse is intentional overuse true or false
Answer:
false
Explanation:
people do take it when they are depressed but won't know they are taking much of it
What caused eight of John Smith's men to get sick?
Answer:Food shortages, contaminated drinking water, sickness, periodic skirmishes with the Powhatan Indians, and ineffective council leadership owing to bickering and the unexpected death of Bartholomew Gosnold made the early months of Jamestown's existence extremely tough.
Nahuatl is the language spoken by the Nahua ethnic group that is found today in Mexico, but with deep historical roots. You might know one Nahua group: the__________________, more accurately called the Mexica. The Mexica were one of many Mesoamerican cultural groups that flourished in Mexico prior to the arrival of Europeans in the sixteenth century.
Answer:
The Aztec
Explanation:
The Aztec were a thriving Pre-Columbian civilization located in Mexico. The language the spoke is known as Nahuatl, and is still spoken today by a small number of people. Nahuatl is a distinct language from that spoken by the Maya, and Olmec who came before the Aztecs. The Aztec were arguably the most important Nahua group due the size and influence of their empire. Although the term Aztec is more common in English speaking countries, Mexica is sometimes used to refer to the group.
Which of d earth subsystem would most likely be directly affected by d mining d deep ocean floor for gas hydrates? Choose all that apply. A) atmosphere B) hydrosphere C) all of the above D) biosphere
Answer:
c is the correct answer bro
*U.S HISTORY*
help please
Answer:
Can you enlarge it? it is small
Explanation:
What challenge did newly independent countries have to face as a result of unchanged colonial boundaries?
The boundaries ignored the presence of mountains and rivers.
The boundaries often put rival ethnic and religious groups in the same country.
The boundaries put together people who had no desire for independence.
The boundaries ignored ways for countries to have access to the world's oceans.
Answer:
The boundaries put together people who had no desire for independence.
Explanation:
Have a nice day!
Answer:
C; The boundaries put together people who had no desire for independence
Explanation:
Hope you all do great on your exam!
If you were a political leader what are the first steps you would take and why? What might be the most difficult challenge to overcome
Answer:
In short, I would push for universal healthcare.
Explanation:
The inflamation and basic capitalism used against the common people of America is quite ridiculous in short. People are taxed and controlled by Big Pharma and inflation of medicine for problems that they cant even control. The price of insulin is insane compared to the production price. Quite frankly, making anyone pay for a service they need to live is barbaric. People don't even want to call ambluances or seek out treatment because of the finnacial struggle. Not everyone can afford good insurance and your life should not be in jeopardy because of it.
Martin Luther King, Jr., embraced ideas of Jesus and _____.
Lyndon Johnson
John F. Kennedy
James Meredith
Mohandas Gandhi
Answer:
Mohandas Gandhi
Explanation:
any part of the voortrekker monument or freedom park that you think is interesting
Which of these did the Harappans not build? O A. Cities O B. Brick ovens O C. Army barracks O D. Indoor plumbing
It's B, the Harappans did not build brick ovens.
Select the correct answer.
What was the effect of the founding of Constantinople?
A. It divided the Roman Empire into the East and the West.
B. It exhausted the military resources of the Roman Empire
C. It challenged the authority of the Roman emperors.
D. It boosted international trade for the Roman Empire.
Answer:
Explanation: the answer is A WITH 100% RESEARCH
Explain why the invention of rubber tires for bikes contributed to the rise of tourism.
Answer:
Explain why the invention of rubber tires for bikes contributed to the rise of tourism. ... It was cheaper than using a horse - in fact there was a whole craze around using bikes. Bikes actually created the concept of better roads - for travel by bike, not cars, which were too expensive.
What was the focus of the congressional investigation into the Iran-Contra affair
Answer:
i believe it is B. i apologize if i am wrong
Explanation:
=
According to the map on the
left, the highlighted portions
indicate that which of the
following were of high
importance in the fight in the
Pacific Ocean during World
War II?
A. Only launching a direct invasion of Japan
B. Capturing the surrounding islands around Japan
C.Using the coral sea as an invasion point for Japan
Answer: Im not sure but i think its A
Explanation: i did reasarch on the web and a lot of sources said that they wanted to make a big assult on japanese wanted to assult directly. and by looking at the made they can also use the ocral refs but they have 2 locations that can attack derictly if they wish to do so. so i think its a or B because capturing surrunding islands would take too long pluse they can be renforced with the main and so to kill 2 birds with one shot i think they would attack directly. plz let me know if i was right or wring
According to the map on the left, the highlighted portions Indicate that Capturing the surrounding Islands around Japan is of high importance in the fight in the Pacific Ocean during World War II. The correct option is b.
What is World War II?World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, fought as part of two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis.
Many participants threw their economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind this total war, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians.
Tens of millions died due to genocides, starvation, massacres, and disease.
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Write the process of the formation of District Co-ordination Committee.
Answer it fast plz
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what we're two main reasons that the british granted independence to india?
Answer:
world War II had depleted the resources of the British Empire, making it economically unstable. Gandhi convinced the British government to free India with his nonviolent peace talks.
The “cheesecake affair “referred to which controversial practice ( no links aloud )
Answer:
The last one.
"the British method of forcing Americans into British naval service."
Explanation:
When there is a shortfall is revenue that is no enough too meet the budget, that is called a
Answer:
this is called a decline in profit
Explanation:
my mom told me this i just know she could be right
How were the consequences of Vietnam and Watergate affecting America during the 1970's? Provide 3 specific examples.
Answer and Explanation:
The main consequence of the Watergate scandal was political instability. That's because the Watergate scandal was compounded by the disclosure of an illegal eavesdropping system that President Nixon and people linked to him installed at the seat of the Democratic government. This created a great political instability that affected the entire government and culminated in the resignation of President Nixon.
The Watergate scandal also created a popular uprising, followed by several protests. This popular uprising was also one of the consequences of the Vietnam War. This happened because the population saw the war as something cruel, without reason and that it was created only to promote terror and a huge expenditure of money that could be used to promote good.
Both the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal created a devaluation of national public power. Both the government and the armed forces lost popularity and strength in the country and were seen as flawed and dishonorable institutions.
In your own words define the pass law system.
And how did it affect people
Answer:
Pass laws dates back at least to 1760 in the Cape, when slaves traveling among urban and rural areas had to carry permits permitting their transit. The pass regulations “allowed authorities to insist that Africans produce them a properly endorsed paper at any moment or face arrest,” limiting their freedom of travel.
Explanation:
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Write three difference between the use of local units and that of stander unit.
Unit is the type of measurement you’re working with. Meter for length, kilogram for mass, or second for time. Standard is an internationally agreed upon way of measuring those units. Kilogram is a good example. In Paris there is an object which is internationally agreed to be a standard kilogram. Everything else that represents a kilogram accurately is actually based on a comparison to the standard kilogram. So the standard is the agreed on reference, and the unit is the type of measurement.
defina causa inmediata (primera guerra mundial)
Answer:
The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand
O assassinato do arquiduque Francis Ferdinand
Explanation:
what are informal leaders
Answer:
an informal leader = is defined as An individual within an organization that is viewed as someone worth listening to due to their perceived experience and reputation among peers. The informal leader does not hold any position of formal authority or power over the peers choosing to follow their lead but can influence the decisions of others.
Explanation:
hope i helped
Who is the defendant in a criminal court case?
A. the person who has been accused of a crime
B. the person who represents the government
C .the person who helps to decide the verdict
D. the person who makes sure the trial is fair
A, this person has to defend himself (with the help of professionals) against the accusations
Answer:
most definitely letter a
Explanation:
I hope this help
What is a limited resource?
A. A limited resource is a factor of production required to produce a product or provide a service that is scarce and can be depleted.
B. A limited resource is a product or service that is subject to scarcity.
C. A limited resource is a factor used by individuals, governments, and businesses to determine the value of trade-offs.
D. A limited resource is a product or service that has its price managed by the government because of scarcity.
Answer:
A:a limited resource is a factor of production required to produce a product or provide a service that is scarce and can be depleted.
A limited resource is a factor of production required to produce a product or provide a service that is scarce and can be depleted. Thus the correct answer is A.
What is a resource?
A resource is a piece of investment property that people admire and really need, like water, air, or land. Resources are considered as goods that are environmentally sustainable, financially feasible, and socially healthy and that help us meet our needs and desires.
Non-renewable resources are one example of limited resources. A basic law of nature indicates that the numbers of labor, equipment, land, and entrepreneurial assets that can be utilized to create goods and services are limited.
Therefore, option A A limited resource is a factor of production required to produce a product or provide a service that is scarce and can be depleted is appropriate.
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How did France’s contributions help the Americans in the War of Independence?
Answer:
France provided the money, troops, armament, military leadership, and naval support that tipped the balance of military power in favor of the United States and paved the way for the Continental Army’s ultimate victory, which was sealed at Yorktown, VA, five years after Franklin embarked on his mission.
Explanation:
Wars between the British and French kingdoms dated back to the 12th century, and the conflicts intensified as England, France, and Spain established and expanded their colonial empires beginning in the late 15th century.
France had suffered bitter defeat in the most recent conflict, the Seven Years’ War (1756-63), which included the French and Indian War in North America. It had lost most of its claim to North America, having been forced to cede to England most of its land there, including all of Canada.
As England’s American colonies became ever more rebellious in the 1760s and 1770s, France was naturally predisposed to favor the American revolutionaries and saw an opportunity to try to blunt the power of its longtime adversary. It began providing covert support – beginning with badly needed gunpowder – in the spring of 1776.
The Declaration of Independence was well received across France, and Franklin was warmly welcomed when he arrived in Paris in December. Franklin’s charm made him even more popular, and he became a celebrity as he labored to gain more support for the American cause.
Answer:
France provided the money, troops, armament, military leadership, and naval support that tipped the balance of military power in favor of the United States and paved the way for the Continental Army’s ultimate victory, which was sealed at Yorktown, VA, five years after Franklin embarked on his mission.
Explanation:
The hope and excitement spawned by the Declaration of Independence, announced just four months earlier, with Franklin among the signers, had been replaced by the dread of impending defeat in the face of the overwhelming military power of the British army.
Franklin knew his mission was straightforward, if not simple. He would use his intellect, charm, wit, and experience to convince France to join the war on the side of the fledgling United States of America. Franklin’s popularity, persuasive powers, and a key American battlefield victory were crucial factors that led France to join the war in 1778.
France provided the money, troops, armament, military leadership, and naval support that tipped the balance of military power in favor of the United States and paved the way for the Continental Army’s ultimate victory, which was sealed at Yorktown, VA, five years after Franklin embarked on his mission.
When British Gen. Charles Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown on Oct. 19, 1781, his vanquished troops marched through a corridor formed by the victorious forces. On one side were the Americans; on the other side stood the French – a scene that mirrored how critical France’s support had been.
segun el mundo de sofia quien era socrates
Answer:Sócrates (470-399 a. de C.) es quizás el personaje más enigmático de toda lahistoria de la filosofía. No escribió nada en absoluto. ... Ya en vida fue considerado una persona enigmática y, al poco tiempo de morir,como el artífice de una serie de distintas corrientes filosóficas.
