Explain why it is necessary to include only one chain-terminating/synthesis-terminating nucleotide in each well of the electrophoresis instrument.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Generally for the formation of  phosphosdiester bond  between two nucleotide molecules  3'-OH group is needed between the  sugar molecule  of one nucleotide and the  OH group of the sugar present in the other nucleotide above it. However,in the single chain terminating molecule The 3'-OH is lacking.

Hence,DNA polymerace enzyme(which catalysis  DNA replication)  will not  be able to elongate the DNA molecules, through replications with the addition of di-deoxynucleotidetriphosphates (ddNTP). Thus inhibiting replication and therefore chain terminations,


Related Questions

Your town is considering building a bridge across a large lake. Much of the town's drinking water comes from this lake. Before
they make a decision, they hire a team of scientists to investigate the impact of building this bridge. Which statement best
describes why this study is important?
The project will stimulate the town's economy by providing many employment opportunities for the town's residents.

There will be many people opposed to the bridge project, and the study will provide results that will persuade them to
change their minds.

The study will provide the potential risks and benefits of the project and help the town make an informed decision.

If there is a problem after the bridge is built, the town can use the study to impose a fine against the scientists who
conducted the study.

Answers

Answer:

C. The study will provide the potential risks and benefits of the project and help the town make an informed decision.

Explanation:

Answer:

c is the anwser

Explanation:

I took the test

Which of the following properties is the temperature at which a liquid turns to gas? (3 points)
оа
Magnetism
Ob
Thermal conductivity
ос
Melting point
Boiling point
Od

Answers

thermal conductivity

Answer:

Boiling point

Explanation:

I did the test

Each of two parents has the genotype brown/red​, which consists of the pair of alleles that determine hair color​, and each parent contributes one of those alleles to a child. Assume that if the child has at least one brown ​allele, that color will dominate and the​ child's hair color will be brown. a. List the different possible outcomes. Assume that these outcomes are equally likely. b. What is the probability that a child of these parents will have the red/red ​genotype? c. What is the probability that the child will have brown hair color​? a. List the possible outcomes.

Answers

Answer:

a. In image attached.

b. 25% or a 1 in 4 chance.

c. 75% or a 3 in 4 chance.

Explanation:

B = Dominant (brown gene)

r = Recessive (red gene)

If two parents both have Br genes, they will both have brown hair.

The Punnet square will look like the image attached.

If the gene encoding one of the proteins that forms cohesin were mutated such that cohesin could not perform its normal function, what would be the consequence? Check all that apply.

Answers

Answer:

The following apply:

- Chromosomes would not be able to condense.

- Chromosomes would not be able to properly align at the metaphase plate.

- The separation of sister chromatids would not likely occur specifically during anaphase A.

- The nuclear envelope would not be able to reform.

A research team discovered that a novel hormone X stimulates an enzyme that hydrolyzes proteins in the small intestine. However, when hormone X was added to a test-tube mixture containing the enzyme and proteins, no breakdown occurred.

Required:
a. Why is this the case?
b. Name ONE signal transduction pathway that hormone X is using to transfuse its signal. (write all the steps and intermediates)

Answers

Answer:

a. It is a hormone that acts upstream in the signaling pathway (i.e., acting as a ligand by binding to cell receptors)

b. Dopamine-mediated pathways  

Explanation:

It is well known that many cellular transduction pathways are activated via binding of signaling molecules (ligands) to receptors capable of triggering signaling cascades into the cell. For example, dopamine is a signaling hormone (neurotransmitter) involved in diverse brain processes (i.e., motor control, emotional response, etc). It is a neurotransmitter that binds to dopamine receptors and then stimulates the enzyme adenylate cyclase in a process that subsequently activates the production of the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Finally, cAMP acts as an intracellular signal transductor that play roles in many biological processes by transferring into the cell the effects of dopamine.

When an enzymatic reaction is in progress, do you expect to see an increase, decrease or no change in each of following: (i) substrate (ii) product (iii) enzyme

Answers

Answer:

During Enzymatic reaction, enzymes binds to a substrate to form a which then forms the product.

Substrate: A reactant in an enzymatic or chemical reaction is called substrate. Product: The final outcome or substance after completion of reaction is called product.Enzyme: Enzyme helps to increase the rate of reaction and act as a catalyst.

Change in shape of substrate, product and enzymes depends on the temperature outside the optimal range which affect bonding between enzyme and substrate. Enzymes definitely changes their size when bind to substrat and the process is called induced fit which increases the rate of reaction.

During an enzymatic reaction, their is an decrease in the concentration of substrate, an increase in the concentration of product, and no change in the concentration of the enzyme.

What is enzymatic reaction?

A reaction, which is mediated with the help of an enzyme is termed as enzymatic reaction. A substance, which functions as a catalyst in living organisms and regulate the rate at which the chemical reactions takes place is known as an enzyme.

The enzymatic reactions follows the lock and key model, in which the free enzyme combines with the substrate and forms the enzyme-substrate complex, this is further catalyzed into the enzyme-product complex, from which the free enzyme and product get discharged. The product never further binds with the free enzyme.

In the reaction, the substrate get used up thus its concentration decreases, while the formation of product takes place thus its concentration increases. However, there is no change in the concentration of the enzyme as it does not get used up in the process.

Thus, in enzymatic reaction, substrate decreases, product increases, and enzyme concentration remains the same.

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Is the talc renewable?

Answers

Answer:

no.its nonrenewable.

talc is nonrenewable.

thanks.

what is the first step you would take to solve this equation and why 49n+986=-43​

Answers

Answer:

Subtracting 986 from both sides.

Explanation:

Your goal is to isolate n.

Which of the following is not a function of Mitosis? A. Growth and development B. Produce genetically identical daughter cells C. Produce genetically different daughter cells D. Replace damaged cells

Answers

C. Produce genetically different daughter cells, is not a function of mitosis

Which two layers are approximately the same age?
core sample 1
core sample 2

Answers

Complete question:

Examine the following diagrams. Columns I and II contain rock layers A, B, C, D, E, and F. Both columns were taken from the same dig site at different locations. Which two layers are of approximately the same age? (Note: The diagrams are attached).

Answer:

C and D  

Explanation:  

Layers C and D apparently contain the same fossilized organisms in the same substrate. Their appearance is very similar. By knowing that certain organisms used to live in a certain period of time, if we find two strata that show the same fossilized organisms, then we can estimate that these two strata are the same age. Fossilized organisms are used to estimate the age of a rocky stratum.

Life history can be illustrated through fossilized organisms trapped or converted into rocks. These fossils are known as index or guide fossils, of animal or vegetal nature, and they can apport information about the rocky stratum in which they are located or incrusted. These fossils are used to determine the age of the rocky sediments or the environmental conditions under which they were deposited.

 

Answer:both of them are

Explanation:

Every interaction with the outside world is because of A) epithelial tissue B) connective tissue C) nervous tissue D) muscular tissue

Answers

Answer:

A cutaneous membrane is a multi-layered membrane composed of epithelial and connective tissues. The apical surface of this membrane exposed to the external environment and is covered with dead, keratinized cells that help protect the body from desiccation and pathogens....

21. When looking at the effect of pH on sucrase activity, what was the wavelength of light
used in the spectrophotometer?​

Answers

Answer:

540nm

Explanation:

Sucrase is one of the digestive enzymes responsible for the digestion of sucrose containing foods. Its major function is the catalysis of the hydrolysis of sucrose into its subunits; fructose and glucose.

Enzymes, as biochemical catalysts always function maximally at an optimum pH. As the pH of the system departs from the ideal pH for any enzyme, the activity of that enzyme decreases accordingly.

The activity of sucrose is studied using a spectrophotometer of wavelength about 540nm. As the pH of the solution departs from the specific ideal pH of sucrase, its activity decreases as stated above.

Which area of the respiratory system is vascularized with the richest capillary network in the body?​

Answers

Answer:

There are from 200-500 million alveoli (mean diameter = 200 micrometers) in adult human lungs

Explanation:

The epithelial cells of the alveolar septum are markedly thinned and the capillary network immediately beneath the epithelium is the richest in the body.hope this helps you :)

Answer:

The answer is alveoli

What makes up the backbone of a DNA molecule? nucleic acids RNA molecules sugars and phosphates ribose and deoxyribose

Answers

Base, sugar and phosphate and deoxyribose make up a nucleotide on a DNA molecule

Answer:

sugars and phosphates

Explanation:

gradpoint

1. Research 5 functions of the frontal lobe and explain them in detail with example.
2. Explain what you think might happen if someone damaged frontal lobe. You must mention the functions you have listed

Answers

Answer:

Solving a problem, memory, language, judgement,  social and sexual behavior.

Explanation:

5 functions of the frontal lobe are given below:

1) it control the expression of emotions.

2) it is responsible in solving a problem.

3) it also control the memory and language.

4) it helps in judgement.

5) it is responsible for social and sexual behavior.

If frontal lobe is damaged, the individual may lose its memory, judgement ability. the social and sexual behavior is also disturbed. It may lose the ability to solve a problem and also have language problem.

You are observing a sample of cells in the lab to determine why they did not
divide properly. You notice that the chromosomes are lined up in the middle
of the cell, and the spindle fibers have extended towards them, but have not
attached. What could be damaged?

Answers

The kinetochore of the chromosomes


Explanation:
What could be damaged that is hindering the spindle fibers from attaching to the chromosomes are the kinetochores of the chromosomes.
At the metaphase stage of the cell division, the chromosomes align at the equator of the cell and the spindle fibers engage each chromosome at a region known as the kinetochore.
The kinetochore is made up of complex proteins and lies around the centromere region of the chromosome. The microtubules of the spindle fibers attach to this region during the metaphase stage.
If the kinetochore is damaged, it means the spindle fiber will not be able to attach to the chromosome.

In the image, the arrow Is pointing to a celestial object. Which attribute disqualifies the object from being a planet?
A. It appears to have no moons.
B. It is spherical in shape.
C. Its neighborhood is not clear.
D. It has horizontal bands on its surface.

Answers

The correct answer is C. Its neighborhood is not clear.

Explanation:

One of the key features of a planet is that it clears its neighborhood; this means the planet gravitational force is strong enough that there are no other celestial bodies on its orbit or next to it except by its moons or satellites. This does not occur in the image presented because there are smaller celestial bodies near to the main or bigger celestial body. This likely occurs if the celestial body is not big enough to clear its neighborhood, and therefore it is not a planet.

What is the maximum magnification of most classroom compound light microscopes? 500x 1,000x 2,500x 5,000x

Answers

Answer:

2,500x

Explanation:

am doing the review rn

Answer:

1,000x

Explanation:

i got yall

is the following nuclear equation balanced?

Answers

Please write the nuclear equation

What is Ependymal cell?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: Ependymal cell is a type of neuronal support cell the forms the epithelial lining of the brain ventricles in the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord ependymal cells similar to all other neuroglia, are derived from a layer of embryonic tissue known as neuroectoderm.

Ependymal cells are ciliated-epithelial glial cells. It develops from radial glia alongside the surface of the ventricles of the brain and spinal canal.

What is the function of Ependymal cells?

The main role of Ependymal cells is formation of CSF.

The CSF refers to cerebrospinal fluid. It is done by movement of sodium ion, chlorine ion and bicarbonate ion from blood to ventricles of brain.

Inside ventricles of the brain, collection of ependymal cells and capillaries together i.e., the tela choroidea form choroid plexus, which produces the CSF.

Thus, Ependymal cells are involved in formation of CSF.

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What are the
traditional
circulatory
endpoints of
resuscitation
in shock?​

Answers

Explanation:

traditional circulatory endpoints of resuscitation in shock include hypertension,tachycardia,decreased mentation and urine output

Match the reactant in gluconeogenesis with the appropriate enzyme.

Enzyme:

a. Fructose dehydrogenase
b. PEP kinase
c. Phosphoglycerase
d. Pyruvate kinase
e. Phosphoglyceromutase
f. Glucose kinase
g. Phosphoglycerokinase
h. Phosphofructokinase
i. Hexokinase


1. glucose
2. fructose-6-phosphate
3. fructose-I , 6-bisphosphate
4. phosphoenolpyruvate
5. 1 , 3-bisphosphoglycerate
6. 3-phosphoglycerate

Answers

Answer: a c g e

Explanation:

what are 3 major functions of the femur?

Answers

Answer:

The femur is the longest bone in the human skeleton. It functions in supporting the weight of the body and allowing motion of the leg. The femur articulates proximally with the acetabulum of the pelvis forming the hip joint, and distally with the tibia and patella to form the knee joint.

Explanation:

Holding the body weight once standing and moving. People are being stabilized as they move. Connecting the hips and knees' muscles, tendons, and ligaments to the rest of your body. These are three functions of femur.

What is femur?

The femur is the bone in the thigh. It is person's body's longest and strongest bone. It is an essential component of the ability to stand and move.

There can be many functions of this bone, some are listed below:

Hold the body weight.Stabilize the body while moving.Connecting hip and knees.

Thus, above mentioned are three functions of femur.

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10. Write the two likely errors carried out while using ruler during measuring length of anywhy did to like me process carried out while using a ruler during measuring length of any object

Answers

Answer:

positive error and negative error.

Explanation:

There are two types of error which is possible when measuring of a length with the help of ruler. Positive error occurs if the calculated value is larger than actual value while negative error occurs when the calculated value is smaller than actual value. To avoid positive error, the increased value should be subtracted from calculated value while negative error can be corrected by adding the value with the reading.

In which of these stages is mitosis most important? A tiger cub is born. A tiger cub learns to walk. A tiger cub begins to grow. A tiger cub play-fights.

Answers

Answer:

A tiger cub begins to grow

Explanation:

because that's when they change the most

Answer:

A tiger club play fights

Explanation:

One main part of mitosis is the replacement of cells, so when the tiger gets hurt fighting, mitosis kicks in to replace the cells.

What is the maximum magnification of most classroom compound light microscopes? 500x 1,000x 2,500x 5,000x

Answers

Answer:

2,500

Explanation:

Answer:

the answer is 2,500x

The essential difference between the knowledge level and the comprehension level of Bloom’s Taxonomy is that at the knowledge level one is asked to

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Knowledge it expected that an individual have the ability to recall some specific terms,facts,methods, processes, pattern, structure, or setting of a thing without necessarily understanding the concept.

Comprehension is the understanding an individual knows or get from what is being communicated and the ability to make use of the idea that is been communicated without seeing the full expression if it.

Comprehension is the explanation and understanding of knowledge i.e what is known and can be recalled.

Which type of nuclear power reactor is used in only 1 percent of all power plants?

Answers

Answer:

Breeder reactors

Explanation:

The type of nuclear power reactor that is used in only 1 percent of all power plants would be Breeder reactors.

What growth information leads to your answer? The colonies are able to grow on minimal medium containing no additional supplements. The colonies are able to grow on complete medium.

Answers

Answer:

A growth medium or culture medium is a solid, liquid or semi-solid designed to support the growth of a population of microorganisms or cells via the process of cell proliferation,[1] or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens.[2] Different types of media are used for growing different types of cells.[3]

The two major types of growth media are those used for cell culture, which use specific cell types derived from plants or animals, and microbiological culture, which are used for growing microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi. The most common growth media for microorganisms are nutrient broths and agar plates; specialized media are sometimes required for microorganism and cell culture growth.[1] Some organisms, termed fastidious organisms, require specialized environments due to complex nutritional requirements. Viruses, for example, are obligate intracellular parasites and require a growth medium containing living cells.

RNA polymerase is an enzyme that copies (1 point)
o DNA into DNA.
O RNA into mRNA
O mRNA into tRNA.
DNA into RNA

Answers

Answer:Copies DNA into RNA

Explanation:

Other Questions
A block is attached to the end of a spring. The block is then displaced from its equilibrium position and released. Subsequently, the block moves back and forth on a frictionless surface without any losses due to friction. Which one of the following statements concerning the total mechanical energy of the block-spring system this situation is true? 1. The total mechanical energy is dependent on the maximum displacement during the motion. 2. The total mechanical energy is at its maximum when the block is at its equilibrium position 3. The total mechanical energy is constant as the block moves back and forth. 4. The total mechanical energy is only dependent on the spring constant and the mass of the block. All of the following statements regarding technical analysis are correct except A) technical analysts use terms such as trendline, support, and resistance in analyzing stocks. B) technical analysts rely on charts to predict the future prices of stocks. C) technical analysts rely heavily on financial ratios in their analysis of stocks. D) technical analysts attempt to predict the future movement of stock prices based on past trends. Many third-world countries experience food insecurity. Some of the reasons are government policies, war, environmental conditions, and rapid population growth. This causes malnutrition. According to the WHO, malnutrition is largely responsible for (Blank) in the world. What are the gender symbols on the bathroom doors at school and other illustrated symbols that stand for some concept called? A. icons B. isotypes C. pictographs Mrs. Geller is somewhat quiet today. She has several bruises of different colors on the ulnar aspects of her forearms and on her abdomen. She otherwise has no complaints and her diabetes and hypertension are well managed. Her son from out of state accompanies her today and has recently moved in to help her. What should you suspect? The primary result of a stock split or stock dividend is: Group of answer choices an increase in the number of common shares outstanding an increase in the common equity account an increase in the market value of common shares a decrease in the number of common shares outstanding an increase in the P/E ratio A human factor expert recommends that there be atleast 9 square ft of floor space in a classroom for every student in the class. Find the min space required for 49 students Read the lines from Romeo's soliloquy. Then, use thedrop-down menus to answer the questions.What mood, or feeling, is evoked in these lines?What purpose do these lines serve?to reveal Romeo's feelings v What is the volume of a square pyramid whose length of one side of its base is 9cm and whose height is 15cm. Show your work A survey asked, "How many tattoos do you currently have on your body?" Of the males surveyed, responded that they had at least one tattoo. Of the females surveyed, responded that they had at least one tattoo. Construct a % confidence interval to judge whether the proportion of males that have at least one tattoo differs significantly from the proportion of females that have at least one tattoo. Interpret the interval. A driver of a car stopped at a gas station to fill up his gas tank. He looked at his watch, and the time read exactly 3:40 p.m. At this time, he started pumping gas into the tank. At exactly 3:44, the tank was full and he noticed that he had pumped 6 gallons. Se reparti una suma de dinero entre tres personas; la segunda recibi x pesos mas que la primera, la tercera b pesos ms que la segunda. Expresa la suma repartida, siendo t la parte de la primera. Solve x2 + 9x + 8 = 0 by completing the square. What are the solutions?O (1.-8)O (1.8)O (-1-8) what type of image is formed by a lens if m = -0.87 A. The image is larger than the object and the image is real B. The image is smaller than the object and the object is real C. The image is larger than the object and is virtualD. The image is smaller than the object and is virtual Select the function completion that satisfies this docstring description: def convert_to_string(nums): """ (list of number) -> NoneType Replace each item in nums with its string equivalent. >>> nums Use the following information to determine the break-even point in sales dollars: Unit sales 51,600 Units Dollar sales $516,000 Fixed costs $206,000 Variable costs $193,500 $206,000. $116,500. $186,400. $329,600. $516,000. The Battle of Saratoga did not allow the British to Question 1 options: A) keep the French from joining the war. B) march on New York City. C) cut off New England from the rest of the colonies. D) begin their Southern strategy. Marissa drew the triangle shown below. Plsssssss answer this fast guys plssssss Plants are autotrophs because they can prepare their own food. Photosynthesis takes place in leaves. Leaves contain that allow for the exchange of gases during the process, and also help with the process of