Explain how civil service examinations influenced the development of a strong
central government in China.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The civil service examination system, a  

method of recruiting civil officials based on  

merit rather than family or political connections, played an especially central role in  

Chinese social and intellectual life from 650  

to 1905. Passing the rigorous exams, which  

were based on classical literature and philosophy, conferred a highly sought-after status,  

and a rich literati culture in imperial China  

ensued.

Civil service examinations connected various aspects of premodern politics, society, economy,  

and intellectual life in imperial China. Local  

elites and the imperial court continually influenced the  

dynastic government to reexamine and adjust the classical curriculum and to entertain new ways to improve  

the institutional system for selecting civil officials. As a  

result, civil examinations, as a test of educational merit,  

also served to tie the dynasty and literati culture together  

bureaucratically.

Premodern civil service examinations, viewed by  

some as an obstacle to modern Chinese state- building,  

did in fact make a positive contribution to China’s emergence in the modern world. A classical education based  

on nontechnical moral and political theory was as suitable  

for selection of elites to serve the imperial state at its highest echelons as were humanism and a classical education  

that served elites in the burgeoning nation-states of early  

modern Europe. Moreover, classical examinations were

Explanation:

an effective cultural, social, political, and educational  

construction that met the needs of the dynastic bureaucracy while simultaneously supporting late imperial social structure. Elite gentry and merchant status groups  

were defined in part by examination degree credentials.

Civil service examinations by themselves were not an  

avenue for considerable social mobility, that is, they were  

not an opportunity for the vast majority of peasants and  

artisans to move from the lower classes into elite circles.  

The archives recording data from the years 1500 to 1900  

indicate that peasants, traders, and artisans, who made  

up 90 percent of the population, were not a significant  

part of the 2 to 3 million candidates who usually took the  

local biennial licensing tests . Despite this fact, a social  

byproduct of the examinations was the limited circulation in the government of lower-level elites from gentry,  

military, and merchant backgrounds.  

One of the unintended consequences of the examinations was the large pool of examination failures who used  

their linguistic and literary talents in a variety of nonofficial roles: One must look beyond the official meritocracy  

to see the larger place of the millions of failures in the  

civil service examinations. One of the unintended consequences of the examinations was the creation of legions  

of classically literate men who used their linguistic talents  

for a variety of nonofficial purposes: from physicians to  

pettifoggers, from fiction writers to examination essay  

teachers, and from ritual specialists to lineage agents.  

Although women were barred from taking the exams,  

they followed their own educational pursuits if only to  

compete in ancillary roles, either as girls competing for  

spouses or as mothers educating their sons.


Related Questions

Please help me

Write a 1-3 sentence summary that highlights the key point of this fact below

The issues of slavery and central power divided the United Sates. Slavery was the law of the land, north and south, until the early 19th century. It was concentrated in the southern states, where slaves were used as farm laborers and formed the backbone of the southern economy. In the northern states, where industry drove the economy, many people believed that slavery was immoral and wrong. Southerners felt threatened by these northern "abolitionists” and claimed
that the common government had no power to end slavery against the wishes of the states. Eventually, southerners became convinced that the common government
would attempt to abolish slavery nation-wide. Eleven states left the United States
in the following order and formed the Confederate States of America: South
Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia,
Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee.

Answers

Answer:

Abolitionists were an issue/threat to racist southerners. Sla

very was an issue in general. The issues of slavery affected people & the US in general

king of babylon responsible for setting down the code laws

Answers

The king responsible was Hammurabi

What do people criticize the Mongols for?

Answers

Different reasons have been adduced: the Mongols spread terror and cruelty because they had a small-scale steppe mentality transposed onto a global stage; because, in terms of the Mongols' divine mission to conquer the world for their supreme god Tengeri, resistance was blasphemy; because they feared and hated walled

What lessons can the United States learn from the example of Cameroonian democracy?

Answers

Answer:

I don't understand the question

What was the significance of Thoreau's comparing the nation's "establishment" with the "households" of its citizens?

Answers

Thoreau wanted to show that a household does not need to be an establishment full of wealth and furniture, as households simply exist, without the need for luxury.

Although you have not shown the text that your question refers to, we can see from the context of your question that you are referring to "Walden" written by Thoreau.

This book was written when Thoreau was living alone in the desert, where he reflected on many points of society. In this book, we can find concepts such as:

Society doesn't need an excess of things to be happy.Wealth is overrated.Simplicity is what can bring peace and unity among people.A household is formed by the union between family members and not by the wealth and luxury that exists within the establishment.

Thoreau's thoughts manage to fit into our society and even with all modernity, we can see that he had a very punctual reading about humanity and our relationship with wealth and with the individuals around us.

You can find more information about Thoreau at the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/14478931?referrer=searchResults

Which is NOT a characteristic of an oral tradition?
A. To entertain an audience. B. To instigate war Between tribes.
C. To preserve a cultures history.

Answers

Answer:

to instigate a war between tribes

Explanation:

oral traditions teach younger generations history in an entertaining way

To Instigate war is not a characteristic of an oral tradition

Oral Tradition encompasses form of communications where information passed through different generations by word of mouth.

These tradition practice transmits knowledge, art, ideas and cultural material through oral means and are preserved by a generation and transferred to another.

Information transferred includes the likes of proverbs, tales, legends and so on and are common among the African tribe.

In conclusion, Oral tradition are used to entertain and preserves a history but are never used to causes war, rather, they are passed to the next generations.

Learn more about Oral tradition here

brainly.com/question/18348643

Which of the following groups were most likely to support the Mexican-American War?
Southerners who believed in Manifest Destiny
Southerners who wanted to add new slave states
Northerners who were members of the Whig Party
Northerners who lived far away from the conflict

Answers

Answer:

Its B not a

Explanation:

Answer:

the answer is B

Explanation:

what were the personal liberty laws and what were they meant to do

Answers

Answer:

Personal Liberty laws were passed by northern state governments to counteract the provisions of the Fugitive Slave Acts and to protect escaped slaves and free blacks settled in the North. It was meant to protect African-Americans from being kidnapped and captured as fugitive slaves.

Who invented the steamboat?
a.
Robert Fulton
c.
Benjamin Franklin
b.
Robert Reed
d.
None of the above


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
B
C
D

Answers

Answer:

Your answer would be A hope that helps you out

Explanation:

The southern Black Codes: Group of answer choices allowed the arrest on vagrancy charges of former slaves who failed to sign yearly labor contracts pleased northerners because they saw that the rule of law was returning to the South were some of the first laws adopted as part of Radical Reconstruction in 1867 were denounced by President Johnson and declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1865.

Answers

Answer:

?

Explanation:

Why were Japanese-Americans sent to internment camps in 1942?
A.
The FBI had proof that Japanese citizens were a possible threat to the US.
B.
The internment camps were for Japanese-Americans who sided with Japan’s invasion of China.
C.
The internment camps were the government’s response to the growing fear and hostility toward Japanese-Americans.
D.
The government planned on sending Japanese-Americans to Japan after the war.

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Due to the increasing rascism and discrimination toward Asian-Americans under the false and unsupported premise of suspected espionage the Asian-Americans were sent to internment camps.

What did George Washington to during the French and Indian war

Answers

Answer:

He established an alliance between the British and the Iroquois Confederacy. He led militias and troops in battles that led to the start of the war

What returned voting rights to roughly 150,000 former Confederates?

Answers

Answer:

The Amnesty Act

Explanation:

The Amnesty Act is responsible for allowing former confeds to vote.

What role do you think nationalist newspapers,
such as Nigeria's The West African Pilot, played in independence movements?

Answers

Answer:

The newspaper played a key role in the spread of racial consciousness and nationalistic ideas in the interior of Nigeria. Its motto was "Show the light and the people will find the way".

Which characteristic of government under the Roman Republic had the greatest impact on the democratic tradition?

Answers

Answer:

hope this helps

Explanation:

Republic was the form of government that developed under the Roman Republic and it had the greatest impact on the democratic tradition. It is basically a type of indirect democracy in which the people had the right to chooses the people who had the power of making government decisions.

The Underground Railroad was _____________.
a.
an illegal abolitionists newspaper
c.
a railroad used by slaves to escape
b.
a subway system operated by African American conductors
d.
a series of safe houses harboring runaway slaves on their journey north


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
B
C
D

Answers

The correct answer is D
D) A series of safe houses harboring runaway slaves on their journey North.

Did the Aztecs bungee jump?

Answers

Answer:

I think yes

Explanation:

I'm not sure but hope it helps

Answer:

never thought of that

Explanation:

now I need to know but probably not though but it would be cool

How does this second
person find happiness?

Answers

Answer:la felicidad es una emocion que se produce en un ser consiente cuando llega a un momento de conformacion

Creo que eso era tu pregunta no la entendi

Espero te sirva

Explanation:

How did the founding and development of Jamestown enough the first permanent English colony?

Answers

Answer:

On December 6, 1606, the journey to Virginia began on three ships: the Susan Constant, the Godspeed, and the Discovery. On May 13 they picked Jamestown, Virginia for their settlement, which was named after their King, James I. The settlement became the first permanent English settlement in North America.

Explanation:

In 1612, John Rolfe, one of many shipwrecked on Bermuda, helped turn the settlement into a profitable venture. He introduced a new strain of tobacco from seeds that he brought and tobacco became the long-awaited cash crop for the Virginia Company, who wanted to make money off their investment in Jamestown. John Rolfe had the colony plant and harvest tobacco, which became a cash crop and was sold to Europe. This is mainly how Jamestown was good enough to become the first permanent english colony.

Please mark brainliest if that helps!

By the late 17th century, the numbers of individuals emigrating to the colonies as indentured servants declined because

Answers

Answer: Europeans became aware of the cruelty of plantation masters and the high death rate of servant

Explanation: Is this what you meant?

In the Caribbean, the number of indentured servants from Europe began to decline in the 17th century as Europeans became aware of the cruelty of plantation masters and the high death rate of servants, largely due to tropical disease.

Why were The Middle Ages enslaved?

Answers

Answer:  They used slaves for agricultural and artisanal labor as well as domestic, sexual, reproductive, and military service.

Explanation:

i dont think you could put sexual, but try to read the paragraph they gave you and see!

"Empires need to expand to stay functioning" why?
Explain in a paragraph.

Answers

Depends on the nature of the Empire. In fact they where always more predefined and agreed upon than it looks like. The Roman's for example did not conquer all of Germany or Great Britain, simply to show what an Empire brings. So the normal Empire has a predefined frontier, however an Empire is always involving multiple people and countries.

Then there are things like Khanates or Imperium, which where more licence to conquer for a certain area and in this sense there for that. Here the empire adds an additional area into their Empire and prepares it through a different ruler.

Also one need to see war as a form of politics in the last centuries rather than the demonic thing it is now. Especially when a war was fought with swords and on horses many people always liked times of wars and further could gain good rewards when the Emperors let them conquer some land.

Sometimes an Empire ended and the structures of power needed to be removed, and shaken like Napoleon did with the HRR. This is seen as conquest even he just acts in the name of the HRR.

Pls give me a brainliest if this helped thx

What is the meaning of merits

Answers

Answer:

the meaning of merits is advantages

The defonition of mertis is: to deserve or be worthy of (something, especially reward, punishment, or attention).

OR

The quality of being particularly good or worthy, especially so as to deserve praise or reward.

I hope this helps you out! Brainliest would be appreciated.

Match each description to the correct civilization.
conquered by
Francisco Pizarro

conquered by Hernán Cortés
located in the Andes
Mountains

located in Central America
worshiped the sun god, Inti

worshiped many gods,
including Quetzalcoatl

Answers

Answer:

The answer is below

Explanation:

1. The civilization that was conquered by Francisco Pizarro is - INCA

2. The civilization that was conquered by Hernán Cortés - AZTEC

2. The civilization that was located in the Andes Mountains - INCA

3. The civilization that was located in Central America - MAYAN CIVILIZATION

4. The civilization that was worshiped the sun god, Inti - INCA

5. The civilization that was worshiped by many gods, including Quetzalcoatl - AZTEC

5. The two major political parties

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

American electoral politics have been dominated by two major political parties since shortly after the founding of the republic. Since the 1850s, they have been the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.

What was the impact of the Griswold Connecticut ruling?
O Couples were required to keep mamage vows private.
O Couples were allowed to keep their marriage decisions private
O Couples were expected to obey state law regarding marriage
O Couples were encouraged to regard their marriage as sacred

Answers

Answer:

B) Couples were allowed to keep their marriage decisions private

Explanation:

Mark me as Brainliest if this answer helped

What is a manuscript?

Answers

Answer:

The definition of a manuscript is a book that is written for submission to a publisher, or a book, play or other creative work that is written by hand instead of typed

manuscript is the work that an author submits to a publisher, editor, or producer for publication. In publishing, "manuscript" can also refer to one or both of the following: ... an accepted manuscript, reviewed but not yet in a final format, distributed in advance as a preprint.

Hope this helps :))

PLS MARK AS BRAINLY PLSSS

Why did the United States pay 20 million dollars to Spain for the purchase of the Philippines

Answers

they bout the Philippines for land

Answer:

Spanish commissioners argued that Manila had surrendered after the armistice and therefore the Philippines could not be demanded as a war conquest, but they eventually yielded because they had no other choice, and the U.S. ultimately paid Spain 20 million dollars for possession of the Philippines.

Alter the American Revolution, why did other nations look to the United States as a model nation?
The United States was a representative democracy
The United States forang its colonial rulers to leave
The United States was able to maintain its independence,
The United States balanced the interests of the central and local governments,
Save and it
MO

Answers

Answer:

The US was able to maintain its independence

How did this backlash result in violence against Chinese communities in California?

Answers

Answer:

Violent attacks against Asian American elders have left the community reeling, especially across Chinatowns from New York to San Francisco.

Explanation:

Answer:

White Americans were attacking Chinese immigrants with violence and hate. Many mobs and deaths occurred because of this.

Explanation:

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