g A sample of chlorine gas starting at 681 mm Hg is placed under a pressure of 991 mm Hg and reduced to a volume of 513.7 mL. What was the initial volume, in mL, of the chlorine gas container if the process was performed at constant temperature?
Answer:
747.5 mL
Explanation:
Assuming ideal behaviour, we can solve this problem by using Boyle's law, which states that at constant temperature:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂Where in this case:
P₁ = 681 mm HgV₁ = ?P₂ = 991 mm HgV₂ = 513.7 mLWe input the data given by the problem:
681 mm Hg * V₁ = 991 mm Hg * 513.7 mLAnd solve for V₁:
V₁ = 747.5 mLIdentify the intermolecular attractions for dimethyl ether and for ethyl alcohol. Which molecule is expected to be more soluble in water? Explain.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
All molecules possess the London dispersion forces. However London dispersion forces is the only kind of intermolecular interaction that exists in nonpolar substances.
So, the only kind of intermolecular interaction that exists in dimethyl ether is London dispersion forces.
As for ethyl alcohol, the molecule is polar due to the presence of polar O-H bond. In addition to London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions and specifically hydrogen bonding also occurs between the molecules.
Because ethyl alcohol is polar, it is more soluble in water than dimethyl ether.
What mass of steam initially at 120oC is needed to warm 200g of water in a glass container from 20.0 oC to 50.0 oC
Complete question:
What mass of steam initially at 120 ⁰C is needed to warm 200g of water in a 100 g glass container from 20.0 oC to 50.0 ⁰C
Answer:
the initial mass of the steam is 10.82 g
Explanation:
Given;
mass of water, m₁ = 200 g
mass of the glass, m₂ = 100 g
temperature of the steam = 120 ⁰C
initial temperature of the water, 20⁰ C
final temperature of the water, = 50⁰ C
let the mass of the steam = m
specific heat capacity of water c = 1 cal/g ⁰ C
specific heat capacity of glass c₂ = 0.2 cal/g ⁰ C
laten heat of vaporization of steam L = 540 cal/g
Apply principle of conservation energy;
Heat given off by the steam = Heat absorbed by water + heat absorbed by glass
[tex]mc\Delta T_1 + mL + mc\Delta T_2 = m_1c\Delta T_3 + m_2c_2\Delta T_3\\\\mc\Delta T_1 + mL + mc\Delta T_2 = [m_1c + m_2c_2]\Delta T_3[/tex]
m(1) (120 - 100) + m(540) + m(1) (100 - 50) = [200(1) + 100(0.2)] (50 - 20)
20m + 540m + 50m = 6600
610 m = 6600
m = 6600 / 610
m = 10.82 g
Therefore, the initial mass of the steam is 10.82 g
Name two natural sources of esters.
Answer:
"Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries."
Explanation:
The table shows the nature of reactants and products formed in a certain type of chemical reaction.
Nature of Reactants and Products
Reactants
Metal + lonic compound
Products
Metal + lonic compound
Which of the following is true about the type of chemical reaction?
it is a single replacement reaction, and the anions in the two inic compounds are different.
It is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
It is a double replacement reaction, and the anions in the two ionic compounds are different.
It is a double replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
Answer: It is true about the type of reaction that it is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
Explanation:
When one element in a compound is replaced by another element in a chemical reaction then it is called a single replacement reaction.
For example, [tex]K + NaCl \rightarrow KCl + Na[/tex]
Here, potassium metal is replacing the sodium metal in the sodium chloride compound.
As metals become cation by losing an electron in a chemical reaction.
Thus, we can conclude that it is true about the type of reaction that it is a single replacement reaction, and the cations in the two ionic compounds are different.
Answer: Its A
Explanation:
a single replacement reactions, and the ANIONS in the two ionic compounds are different
Zn-64 = 48.63%
Zn-66 = 27.90%
Zn-67 = 4.10%
Zn-68 = 18.75%
Zn-70 = .62%
Calculate the average atomic mass/given their percent abundance
Answer:
A = 65.46 u
Explanation:
Given that,
The composition of zinc is as follows :
Zn-64 = 48.63%
Zn-66 = 27.90%
Zn-67 = 4.10%
Zn-68 = 18.75%
Zn-70 = .62%
We need to find the average atomic mass of the given element. It can be solved as follows :
[tex]A=\dfrac{48.63\times 64+27.90\times 66+4.1\times 67+18.75\times 68+0.62\times 70}{100}\\A=65.46\ u[/tex]
So, the average atomic mass of zinc is 65.46 u.
How much carbon dioxide is released when it is fully combusted with 4Kg of ethanol with more than enough oxygen? How do you work it out?
Answer:
7.640 kg
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced complete combustion equation for ethanol
C₂H₆O + 3 O₂ ⇒ 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O
Step 2: Calculate the moles corresponding to 4 kg (4000 g) of C₂H₆O
The molar mass of C₂H₆O is 46.07 g/mol.
4000 g × 1 mol/46.07 g = 86.82 mol
Step 3: Calculate the moles of CO₂ released
86.82 mol C₂H₆O × 2 mol CO₂/1 mol C₂H₆O = 173.6 mol CO₂
Step 4: Calculate the mass corresponding to 173.6 moles of CO₂
The molar mass of CO₂ is 44.01 g/mol.
173.6 mol × 44.01 g/mol = 7640 g = 7.640 kg
Calculate the volume in liters of a 1.60 mol/L sodium nitrate solution that contains of sodium nitrate . Round your answer to significant digits.
Answer:
1.5L of NaNO3 must be present
Explanation:
That contains 200g of sodium nitrate. Round to 2 significant digits
To solve this question we need to convert the mass of NaNO3 to moles using its molar mass (85g/mol). With the moles and the molar concentration we can find the volume in liters of the solution:
Moles NaNO3:
200g * (1mol / 85g) = 2.353 moles NaNO3
Volume:
2.353 moles NaNO3 * (1L / 1.60moles) =
1.5L of NaNO3 must be presentMany home barbeques are fueled with propane gas (C3H8)(C3H8). Part A What mass of carbon dioxide is produced upon the complete combustion of 27.9 LL of propane (the approximate contents of one 5-gallon tank)
Answer:
41264 g of CO₂
Explanation:
Combustion reaction is:
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
1 mol of propane react to 5 moles of oxygen in order to proudce 3 moles of carbon dioxide and 4 moles of water.
In a combustion reaction, our reactant reacts to oxygen and the products are always CO₂ and water.
We have the volume of propane but we need moles of it, so we need to apply density.
Density = mass / volume so mass = density . volume.
Density of propane is: 493 g/L
Mass of propane is 493 g/L . 27.9L = 13754.7 g
We convert mass to moles: 13754.7 g . 1 mol/ 44g = 312.6 moles
According to reaction, 1 mol of propane can produce 3 moles of CO₂
Our 312.6 moles will produce 312.6 . 3 = 937.8 moles
We convert moles to mass: 937.8 mol . 44 g/mol = 41264 g
17. The density of a population would influence which limiting factor?
O niche
O growth rate
O weather
O space
Answer:
The answer is growth rate
Explanation:
it will help you
which selection is an example of an electrolyte
a. potassium iodide in water
b. sucrose in water
c. pentane in octane
d. methanol in water
Answer:
i believe its A, potassium iodide in water
Explanation:
Which is the primary type of radiation from the sun that is absorbed by the ozone layer?
A. infrared radiatin
B. UV-B
C. X-rays
D. UV-C
E. UV-A
the answer to the question is B.UV-B
How many hydrogen atoms are in 3.90 mol of ammonium sulfide?
Answer:
First, the number of ammonium sulfide molecules should be calculated:
N = NA × n,
where NA - the Avogadro number, n - number of moles.
N (ammonium sulfide) = 6.022 × 1023 × 8.5 mol = 51.187 × 1023.
The moelcular formula of ammonium sulfide is (NH4)2S. It means that each molecule contains 8 hydrogen atoms.
As a result, 8.5 mol of (NH4)2S contain:
51.187 × 1023 × 8 = 41 × 1024 hydrogen atoms.
Answer: 41 × 1024 hydrogen atoms
calculate the molarity in a 0.550 m solution of NaCl in water. Assume that the solution density is 1.03g/mol
Answer:
M=0.549M
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the given information, it turns out possible for us to perform this calculation by firstly assuming we have 1 kg of water as the solvent so that we have 0.550 moles of NaCl as well. Moreover, we realize we have 1000 grams of water and the correct mass of the solution can be calculated by converting 0.550 moles of NaCl to grams by using its molar mass:
[tex]m_{solute}=0.550mol*\frac{58.44 g}{1mol}= 32.14g\\\\m_{solution}=1000g+32.14g=1032.14g[/tex]
And subsequently, the volume in liters by using the density and the correct conversion factor:
[tex]V_{solution}=1032.14g*\frac{1mL}{1.03g} *\frac{1L}{1000mL} =1.002L[/tex]
Finally, the molarity will be:
[tex]M=\frac{0.550mol}{1.002L} =0.549M[/tex]
Regards!
8.7 Two products are formed in the following reaction in a 50:50 mixture. Would the resulting solution be optically active
Answer:
Yes. The solution would be optically active.
Explanation:
Diastereomer are defined as the image that is non mirror and non -identical. It is made up of two stereoisomers. They are formed when the two stereoisomers or more than two stereoisomers of the compound have the same configuration at the equivalent stereocenters.
In the given context, as the product given is a diastereomeric mixture, the product would have an optical activity in total.
So the answer is Yes.
Complete and balance the equations for the given single displacement reactions. Write the reaction in molecular form. Phases are optional. If you need to clear your work and reset the equation, click the CLR button.Li(s) + H2O---------- Ca(s) + H2O ---------------
Answer:
Li(s) + H2O(l) -----> LiOH(aq) + H2(g)
Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) ---------------> Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
Explanation:
Metals react with water to yield the metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas as shown in the answer above.
The reaction equations were balanced, the number of atoms of each element on both side of the reaction equation is exactly the same.
This is the way to write a balanced reaction equation for the species shown in the question.
liquid junction potential arise due to?
Answer:
liquid junction potentials
when a cell contains a boundary between two electrolytic solutions of different composition or concentration, a liquid junction potential is developed due to the "diffusion of the various components at characteristic rates in the boundary zone."
#carryonlearning
Ammonium phosphate is an important ingredient in many solid fertilizers. It can be made by reacting aqueous phosphoric acid with liquid ammonia. Calculate the moles of phosphoric acid needed to produce 1.80 mol of ammonium phosphate. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if necessary, and round it to the correct number of significant digits.
Answer:
Explanation:
The reaction is
H3Po4+3NH3\to→ (NH4)3PO4
Given,7.10g NH3=7.10g/molar mass of NH3
=7.10g/(17.031g/mol)
=0.416mol
From the reaction
3 mol ammonia reacted and produced 1 mole of ammoniam phosphate
So,One mole ammonia reacted and produced 1/ 3 mole ammonium phosphate.
And Also,0.416 mole ammonium reacted and produced (1/3)0.416=0.138 mole ammonium phosphate.
Hence 0.138mole=0.138mole*149.08 g/mole
=20.573gm ammonium phosphate produced.
Hence 20.573g of ammonium phosphate is produced by the reaction of 7.10 g of ammonia.
1. Which of the combinations in the lab activity had indications that a chemical change occured? Defend your argument with evidence.
2. Which of the combinations in the lab activity had indications that a physical change occured? Defend your argument with evidence.
3. Are all physical changes reversible? Explain your answer using an example you've observed in your everyday life.
4. Give an example of something you've observed in your everyday life that is a chemical reaction. How did you know it was a chemical reaction?
Answer:The green growing on the penny of copper and the rust forming on the nail of iron are chemical changes. Boiling away salt water, scraping iron filings from a mixture of sand with a magnet, and breaking a rock with a hammer, are physical changes.
Explanation:
The position of the equilibrium for a system where K = 6.4 × 10 9 can be described as being favoring ________________
Answer:
to the right (products side)
Explanation:
The equilibrium constant K describes the ratio between the concentration of products and reactants at equilibrium. For a general reaction:
a A + b B → c C + d D
The equilibrium constant expression is:
[tex]K = \frac{[C]^{c} [D]^{d} }{[A]^{a} [B]^{b} }[/tex]
A low value of K indicates that the concentration of products (C and D) is low in relation with the concentration of reactants (A and B).
Conversely, a high value of K indicated that the concentration of products is high compared with the concentration of reactants.
Since K = 6.4 × 10⁹ is a high value, the concentration of products is higher than the concentration of reactants at equilibrium. Thus, the position of the equilibrium is favored to the right.
Give the following reaction: ammonium nitrate—> dinitrogen monoxide + water.
a.) Write a complete balanced chemical equation.
b.) Calculate the number of molecules of water produced by 11.2g of ammonium nitrate
Answer:
a) NH₄NO₃ ⇒ N₂O + 2 H₂O
b) 1.69 × 10²³ molecules
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced equation
NH₄NO₃ ⇒ N₂O + 2 H₂O
Step 2: Convert 11.2 g of NH₄NO₃ to moles
The molar mass of NH₄NO₃ is 80.04 g/mol.
11.2 g × 1 mol/80.04 g = 0.140 mol
Step 3: Calculate the moles of H₂O produced
0.140 mol NH₄NO₃ × 2 mol H₂O/1 mol NH₄NO₃ = 0.280 mol H₂O
Step 4: Calculate the number of molecules in 0.280 moles of water
We will use Avogadro's number.
0.280 mol × 6.02 × 10²³ molecules/1 mol = 1.69 × 10²³ molecules
what mass of phenol must be dissolved in 25.0 g of naphthalene to produce a solution that is 0.22 m in phenol
Answer: A mass of 0.518 g of phenol must be dissolved in 25.0 g of naphthalene to produce a solution that is 0.22 m in phenol.
Explanation:
Given: Mass of naphthalene = 25.0 g
Molality = 0.22 m
This means that 0.22 moles of solute is present per kg of solvent.
As 25.0 g of naphthalene is there that will be 25.0 g per 1000 g (1 kg) is equal to 0.025 kg.
Hence, moles of phenol are calculated as follows.
[tex]Molality = \frac{moles}{mass (in kg)}\\0.22 m = \frac{moles}{0.025 kg}\\moles = 0.0055 mol[/tex]
Also, molar mass of phenol is 94.11 g/mol. This means that 1 mole of phenol contains 94.11 g.
Therefore, mass contained by 0.0055 moles of phenol is as follows.
[tex]0.0055 mol \times 94.11 g/mol \\= 0.518 g[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that a mass of 0.518 g of phenol must be dissolved in 25.0 g of naphthalene to produce a solution that is 0.22 m in phenol.
Why the catalytic and optical properties of nanomaterial are different from bulk material
Answer:
The material properties of nanostructures are different from the bulk due to the high surface area over volume ratio and possible appearance of quantum effects at the nanoscale. ... Yu; they found that the structural distortions on the quantum dots depend both on the kind of dopant and on the size of the dots.
Explanation:
hope it helps
define saturated and unsaturated fats
Answer:
unsaturated fats, which are liquid at room temperature,are different from saturated fat because they contain one or more double bonds and fewer hydrogen atoms on their carbon chain.
Assuming equal concentrations and complete dissociation, rank these aqueous solutions by their freezing points from highest to lowest. CoCl3, NH4Cl, Li2SO4
Answer:
NH4Cl > Li2SO4 > CoCl3
Explanation:
Let us recall that the freezing point depression depends on the molality of the solution and the number of particles present.
Let us also recall that freezing point depression is a colligative property. It depends on the number of particles present in solution.
Usually, the more the number of particles present, the lower the freezing point. Hence, NH4Cl which has only two particles will have the highest freezing point while CoCl3 which has four particles will have the lowest freezing point.
A 46.6-mgmg sample of boron reacts with oxygen to form 150 mgmg of the compound boron oxide. Part A What is the empirical formula of boron oxide
Answer:
B₂O₃
Explanation:
Step 1: Calculate the mass of oxygen in 150 mg of boron oxide
Of 150 mg of boron oxide, 46.6 mg belong to boron. The mass of oxygen is:
150 mg - 46.6 mg = 103.4 mg
Step 2: Calculate the percent by mass of each element
We will use the following expression.
%Element = mElement/mCompound × 100%
%B = 46.6 mg/150 mg × 100% = 31.1%
%O = 103.4 mg/150 mg × 100% = 68.9%
Step 3: Divide each percentage by the atomic mass of the element
B: 31.1/10.81 = 2.88
O: 68.9/16.00 = 4.31
Step 4: Divide both numbers by the smallest one (2.88)
B: 2.88/2.88 = 1
O: 4.31/2.88 ≈ 1.5
Step 5: Multiply both numbers by 2 so that they are integers
B: 1 × 2 = 2
O: 1.5 × 2 = 3
The empirical formula is B₂O₃.
The first law of thermodynamics defines chemical energy. defines entropy. is a statement of conservation of energy. provides a criterion for the spontaneity of a reaction.
Answer: The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of conservation of energy.
Explanation:
According to the first law of thermodynamics, heat provided to a system is actually the sum of internal energy and work done by the system or on the system.
Mathematically, [tex]\Delta Q = \Delta U + \Delta W[/tex]
The first law of thermodynamics also means that energy can neither be created nor it can be destroyed. Hence, energy is conserved.
Thus, we can conclude that the first law of thermodynamics is a statement of conservation of energy.
The chemical formula is different from the empirical formula in
Answer:be careful and relax
Explanation:
Answer:
Hahaha be careful and relax
Sugar is added to water and initially completely dissolves, but eventually solid sugar collects on the bottom of the container. Sugar and water are ________partially miscible . This produces a dynamic equilibrium. Ethanol (a liquid) is added to water and only a single layer is observed no matter how much ethanol is added. Ethanol and water are__________
Answer: Sugar is added to water and initially completely dissolves, but eventually solid sugar collects on the bottom of the container. Sugar and water are both partially miscible. This produces a dynamic equilibrium. Ethanol (a liquid) is added to water and only a single layer is observed no matter how much ethanol is added. Ethanol and water are miscible.
Explanation:
When a substance (solute) dissolves partially in a solvent then it is known as partially miscible in the solvent. In such cases, a small amount of solute remains at the bottom of solution.
If a solute dissolves completely in solvent like water such that only one layer is seen in the solution then it means that the solute is miscible in solvent.
Thus, we can conclude that sugar is added to water and initially completely dissolves, but eventually solid sugar collects on the bottom of the container. Sugar and water are both partially miscible. This produces a dynamic equilibrium. Ethanol (a liquid) is added to water and only a single layer is observed no matter how much ethanol is added. Ethanol and water are miscible.
During a reaction, ΔH for reactants is −750 kJ/mol and ΔH for products is 920 kJ/mol. Which statement is correct about the reaction? (5 points)
Group of answer choices
It is endothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is less than the energy released when the products are formed.
It is endothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is greater than the energy released when the products are formed.
It is exothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is less than the energy released when the products are formed.
It is exothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is greater than the energy released when the products are formed.
Answer: The statement it is endothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is less than the energy released when the products are formed, is true.
Explanation:
A chemical reaction in which heat energy is released is called an exothermic reaction. For exothermic reactions, the value of [tex]\Delta H[/tex] is always negative.
A chemical reaction in which heat energy is absorbed is called an endothermic reaction. For endothermic reaction, the value of [tex]\Delta H[/tex] is always positive.
In endothermic reactions, energy required for breaking the bonds between reactants is less than the energy when products are formed due to which the value of [tex]\Delta H[/tex] remains positive.
Thus, we can conclude that the statement it is endothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is less than the energy released when the products are formed, is true.
It is endothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is greater than the energy released when the products are formed. The correct option is B.
The above reaction is endothermic because more energy is produced when new bonds form in the products (H = 920 kJ/mol) than is required to break bonds in the reactants (H = -750 kJ/mol).
In an endothermic process, more energy than is generated during bond creation is absorbed from the environment to dissolve existing bonds. This causes a net absorption of energy, which cools the system.
The reaction takes more energy than it releases, proving its endothermic nature, as seen by the positive difference between the energy needed to dissolve bonds and the energy released during bond formation.
Thus, the correct option is B.
For more details regarding endothermic process, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28909381
#SPJ3
Your question seems incomplete, the probable complete question is:
During a reaction, ΔH for reactants is −750 kJ/mol and ΔH for products is 920 kJ/mol. Which statement is correct about the reaction? (5 points)
Group of answer choices
A. It is endothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is less than the energy released when the products are formed.
B. It is endothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is greater than the energy released when the products are formed.
C. It is exothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is less than the energy released when the products are formed.
D. It is exothermic because the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is greater than the energy released when the products are formed.
