Answer:
85%
Explanation:
With regards to the above information, the predetermined over head is calculated as seen below.
Predetermined overhead = [(Estimated overhead / Expected labor cost) × 100]
Estimated overhead = $85,000
Expected labor cost = $100,000
Then,
Predetermined overhead = [($85,000 / $100,000) × 100]
Predetermined overhead = 0.85 × 100
Predetermined overhead = 85%
Therefore, the predetermined overhead rate for the next period should be 85%
In the world map the United States appears to be a large producer of oranges. Explain how the world map misrepresents the scale of production for the cultivation of oranges in the United States.
Answer:
The map misrepresents the scale of orange production in the United States, because even in the U.S. is an important orange producer, the map conveys the idea that the U.S. as a whole is a producer, when it only produces oranges in a few states, with almost the entirety of the production being located in Florida.
A more accurate map would clarify this in a textbox or a note, or would have the state of Florida colored in a way that highlights that the production of oranges in the U.S. comes almost exclusively from this state.
Data concerning Lemelin Corporation's single product appear below: Per Unit Percent of Sales Selling price $ 230 100 % Variable expenses 115 50 % Contribution margin $ 115 50 % The company is currently selling 7,000 units per month. Fixed expenses are $581,000 per month. The marketing manager would like to introduce sales commissions as an incentive for the sales staff. The marketing manager has proposed a commission of $20 per unit. In exchange, the sales staff would accept a decrease in their salaries of $113,000 per month. (This is the company's savings for the entire sales staff.) The marketing manager predicts that introducing this sales incentive would increase monthly sales by 300 units. What should be the overall effect on the company's monthly net operating income of this change
Answer:
Lemelin Corporation
The overall effect on the company's monthly net operating income of this change is an increase of $1,500.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Sales units per month = 7,000
Fixed expenses per month = $581,000
Per Unit Percent of Sales
Selling price $ 230 100 %
Variable expenses 115 50 %
Contribution margin $ 115 50 %
Income Statements
Before Change After Change Difference
Sales unit 7,000 7,300 300
Sales revenue $1,610,000 $1,679,000 $69,000
Variable cost of sales 805,000 839,500 -34,500
Sales commission 0 146,000 -146,000
Contribution margin $805,000 $693,500 ($111,500)
Fixed expenses 581,000 468,000 113,000
Net operating income $224,000 $225,500 $1,500
When using email to request action, the subject line should be as vague as possible.
Question 7 options:
True
False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
When using an email to request an action the subject line should be brief but specific. Leaving a vague subject line can often confuse another, however, making the subject line too lengthy and specific defeats the purpose. The best subject lines are brief but give a general idea of what the email contains.
Answer:
False
Explanation:
To email someone to request action, you can't be vague or you might not get what you exactly want from that person.
Hayword, Inc. uses weighted-average costing and has two departments and has provided data related to its mixing department for the month of July. The Controller has asked you prepare a cost reconciliation report and provide the related computations. Use the information included in the Excel Simulation and the Excel functions described below to complete the task.
1 Hayword, Inc. uses weighted-average costing and has two departments - mixing and packaging 2 The following information relates to work in the mixing department for the month of July: 4 Work in process, July 1: 5 Units in process 6 Percent completed with respect to materials 7 Percent completed with respect to conversion 8 Cost in the beginning inventory: 9 Materials cost 10 Conversion cost 11 Units started into production during the period 12 Costs added to production during the period 13 Materials cost 14 Conversion cost 15 Work in process, July 31: 16 Units in process 17 Percent completed with respect to materials 18 Percent completed with respect to conversion 19 20 Use the data to answer the following 21 22 1. Compute equivalent units. 23 24 25 26 Units transferred to the next department 27 Ending work in process: 28 Materials 29 Conversion 30 Equivalent units of production 31 300 60% 40% $10,500 $6,750 6,200 $330,912 $406,408 450 40% 30% Mixing Department Equivalent Units of Production Materials Conversion
Answer:
Hayword, Inc.
Cost Reconciliation Report
Costs to be accounted for:
Cost in the beginning inventory $17,250
Units started during the period 737,320
Total cost of production $754,570
Costs accounted for:
Units transferred out $735,680
Ending inventory $18,882
Total assigned costs $$754,562
Difference due to approximations = $8
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Work in process, July 1:
Units in process = 300
Percent completed with respect to materials = 60%
Percent completed with respect to conversion = 40%
Cost in the beginning inventory:
Materials cost = $10,500
Conversion cost = $6,750
Units started during the period = 6,200
Costs added during the period:
Material costs = $330,912
Conversion costs = $406,408
Work in process, July 31 = 450 units
Percent completed with respect to materials = 40%
Percent completed with respect to conversion 30%
Units
Beginning inventory 300
Units started during the period 6,200
Total units under production 6,500
Ending inventory 450
Units transferred out 6,050
Cost of production:
Materials cost Conversion cost Total
Cost in the beginning inventory $10,500 $6,750 $17,250
Units started during the period 330,912 406,408 737,320
Total cost of production $341,412 $413,158 $754,570
Equivalent Units:
Units Materials Conversion
Units transferred out 6,050 6,050 (100%) 6,050 (100%)
Ending inventory 450 180 (40%) 135 (30%)
Total equivalent units of production 6,230 6,185
Cost per equivalent unit:
Materials Conversion
Total cost of production $341,412 $413,158
Total equivalent units 6,230 6,185
Cost per equivalent unit $54.80 $66.80
Cost assigned to:
Materials Conversion Total
Units transferred out $331,540 $404,140 $735,680
(6,050 * $54.80) (6,050 * $66.80)
Ending inventory 9,864 9,018 $18,882
(180 * $54.80) (135 * $66.80)
Total assigned costs $341,404 $413,158 $754,562
In order to produce a new product, a firm must lease equipment at a cost of $100,000 per year. The managers feel that they can sell 50,000 units per year at a price of $75. What is the highest variable cost that will allow the firm to at least break even on this project
Answer:
$73 = unitary variable cost
Explanation:
To calculate the unitary variable cost that will yield the break-even point, we need to use the following formula:
Break-even point in units= fixed costs/ contribution margin per unit
50,000= 100,000 / (75 - unitary variable cost)
3,750,000 - 50,000unitary variable cost= 100,000
3,650,000 = 50,000unitary variable cost
$73 = unitary variable cost
The concept of leverage is that a.a high debt-to-equity ratio is favorable. b.it is appropriate to borrow if the return on the assets is greater than the cost of the financing. c.it is appropriate to borrow as long as the lender approves the loan. d.it is unfavorable to borrow funds rather than raise the capital from stockholders.
Answer:
b. it is appropriate to borrow if the return on the assets is greater than the cost of the financing.
Explanation:
A leverage can be defined as a process which typically involves the use of fixed-charged assets or items in a business with the intention of multiplying potential financial gains and returns.
In Financial accounting, the concept of leverage is that it is appropriate for a business firm to borrow an amount of money (debt), if the return on the assets (capital gain or income) is greater than the cost of the financing (debt or borrowed money).
Basically, financial leverage which is also known as trading on equity, is the utilization of debt (borrowed money) to acquire or purchase new assets with the intent and expectation that the income generated from these assets would exceed the cost incurred from borrowing. Thus, a business that engages in financial leveraging assumes that it would generate a higher income or capital gain from the amount of debt (borrowed money) used in its capital structure.
A company purchased land for its natural resources at a cost of $1,500,000. It expects to mine 2,000,000 tons of ore from this land. The residual value of the land is estimated to be $250,000. What is the amount of depletion per ton of ore
Answer:
$0.625
Explanation:
Depletion expense per ton of ore = (Cost of the asset - Salvage value) / Number of units
Depletion expense per ton of ore = ($1500000 - $250000) / 2000000
Depletion expense per ton of ore = $1250000 / 2000000 units
Depletion expense per ton of ore = $0.625
So, the amount of depletion expenses per ton of ore is $0.625.
The retained earnings balance was $22,900 on January 1. Net income for the year was $18,100. If retained earnings had a credit balance of $23,800 after closing entries were made for the year, and if additional stock of $5,200 was issued during the year, what was the amount of dividends declared during the year
Answer:
$17,200
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what was the amount of dividends declared during the year
Beginning retained earnings + Net income - Dividends = Ending retained earnings.
$22,900 + $18,100 - Dividends = $23,800
Dividends=$41,000-$23,800
Dividends = $17,200
Therefore the amount of dividends declared during the year is $17,200
plz help me i cant fail this class
Your Company is considering a new project that will require $100,000 of new equipment at the start of the project. The equipment will have a depreciable life of 10 years and will be depreciated to a book value of $5,000 using straight-line depreciation. The cost of capital is 14%, and the firm's tax rate is 30%. Estimate the present value of the tax benefits from depreciation.
Answer:
14865.93
Explanation:
Calculation to Estimate the present value of the tax benefits from depreciation.
First step is to calculate the Annual depreciation expense
Annual depreciation expense = [100000 - 5000]/10
Annual depreciation expense = 9500
Second step is to calculate the Tax benefit
Tax benefit = 9500(.30)
Tax benefit = 2850
Now let calculate the PV of tax benefit
Using financial calculator
PMT = 2850
FV = 0
N = 10
i = 14
PV=?
Hence
PV = 14865.93
Therefore the present value of the tax benefits from depreciation is 14865.93
Legal Forces Legal forces are important external forces that international managers need to understand. They are developed at the national level, so international ventures should take care to build relationships with local-level lawyers.
The concepts in this exercise are drawn from Chapter 6 and directly address differences in legal approaches at the national level.
Identify each of the legal characteristics by dragging where it is found to the correct characteristic.
U.S. Product Liability Law per se application
EU Competition Law misuse of activity
US and EU extraterritoriality
U.S. Tort Law trade obstacle, nontariff
U.S. Competition Law strict liability
France punitive damages
Answer:
Please find the solution in the attached file.
Explanation:
Choose all the scenarios below that would cause a decrease in the supply of labor in the agricultural industry.
a. More women are entering the workforce in all industries in the United States.
b. As the population in the United States ages, fewer workers have the physical ability to work in the industry.
c. As the economy expands, so does the need for janitors and cleaning staff employees, causing the wage for nonskilled workers in the cleaning industry to rise.
d. Due to global warming, working conditions on farms have become undesirable for more and more people.
e. The adoption of strict immigration laws reduces the number of legal and illegal immigrants in the United States.
f. There is an increase in the use of biofuels in the United States, which drives up the demand for corn and soybean crops.
g. The government passed a new plan to provide government-funded health care for all workers in the agricultural industry.
h. New machinery is replacing workers in the harvesting of crops.
Answer:
b. As the population in the United States ages, fewer workers have the physical ability to work in the industry.d. Due to global warming, working conditions on farms have become undesirable for more and more people.e. The adoption of strict immigration laws reduces the number of legal and illegal immigrants in the United States.h. New machinery is replacing workers in the harvesting of crops.Explanation:
With workers getting older and being unable to be as productive as they used to be, they will have to drop out of industries that require physical strength including farming. This will therefore reduce people working in agriculture.
With global warming having made working in the fields much more harsh, people are avoiding careers that would keep them outdoors including farming which has led to a drop in the labor supply for agriculture.
A significant portion of workers in agriculture are immigrants so when immigration laws limit the number of immigrants coming in, labor supply in agriculture will reduce.
New machinery reduces the need for workers in agriculture so the more they are bought, the less workers are needed. This will therefore directly reduce the number of people working in agriculture.
Sandhill Inc. acquired 10% of the 420,000 shares of common stock of Schuberger Corporation at a total cost of $15 per share on June 17, 2020. On September 3, Schuberger declared and paid a $120,000 dividend. On December 31, Schuberger reported net income of $512,000 for the year. (b) Wen Corporation obtained significant influence over Hunsaker Company by buying 30% of Hunsaker’s 112,000 outstanding shares of common stock at a cost of $18 per share on January 1, 2017. On May 15, Hunsaker declared and paid a cash dividend of $112,000. On December 31, Hunsaker reported net income of $212,000 for the year.
Required:
Prepare all necessary journal entries for 2017 for (a) Edelman and (b) Wen.
Answer:Please see explantion colmn for answers
Explanation:
A) Journal entry for Edelman
Date Account Titles and explanation Debit Credit
June 17 Stock investment $630,000
Cash $630,000
Calculation
Stock Investment =420,000 x $15 x 10% = $630,000
Date Account Titles and explanation Debit Credit
Sept 3 Cash $12,000
Dividend revenue $12,000
Calculation
Dividend revenue =$120,000 x 10% =$12,000
Date Account Titles and explanation Debit Credit
Dec 31 Stock investment $51,200
Investment revenue $51,200
Calculation
Investment Revenue =(512,000 x 10%) = 51,200
B) Journal entry for Wen
Date Account Titles and explanation Debit Credit
Jan 1 Stock investment $604,800
Cash $604,800
Calculation
Stock Investment =112,000 x $18 x 30% = $604,800
Date Account Titles and explanation Debit Credit
May 15 Cash $33,600
Dividend revenue $33,600
Calculation
Dividend revenue =112,000 x 30% = $33,600
Date Account Titles and explanation Debit Credit
Dec 31 Stock investment $63,600
Investment revenue $63,600
Calculation
Stock Investment =212,000 x 30% = $63,600
examine the value of interactive leadership in the public sector and demonstrate its capacity to empower the followers
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
The value of interactive leadership in the public sector can be seen in the efficiency and effectiveness of the work done by the cabinet of the executive branch. Many different departments and public offices are managed using interactive leadership, informing employers of what needs to be done and the reason why.
Interactive leadership has the capacity to empower employers because it maintains open lines of communication, informing about key activities that need to be done, clarifying goals, establishing strategies, and facilitating the tools to perform and be effective.
The public sector is comprised of what is known as the bureaucracy, and in order to coordinate and lead this public sector, leaders have to properly interact with employers. These employers can openly and honestly express their concerns and opinions to the leader, who takes into consideration this input. The great advantage of using interacting leadership is that people know what is expected of them.
_____ is the quantity of a good or service that people are willing to buy at various prices. Group of answer choices Capacity Market share Market potential Supply Demand
Answer:
Demand
Explanation:
Demand is the total quantity of a good or service that people are willing to buy at various prices
According to the law of demand, the higher the price, the lower the quantity demanded and the lower the price, the higher the quantity demanded.
So, at higher prices, demand would be lower than at lower prices
You accept a new job with a starting salary of $53,000. You receive a 4% raise at the start of your second year, a 5.5% raise at the start of your third year, and an 11.1% raise at the start of your fourth year. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
Answer:
a. Salary for the second year:
Salary is to increase by 4% in second year.
= 53,000 * (1 + 4%)
= $55,120
b. Third year salary:
Second year salary will increase by 5.5%
= 55,120 * (1 + 5.5%)
= $58,151.60
c. Fourth year salary:
Third year salary to increase by 11.1%
= 58,151.60 * (1 + 11.1%)
= $64,606.43
You must complete parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 before attempting to complete part 9. Part 5 is optional.
Journalize the closing entries. Then post the journal to the general ledger you created in part 1. Indicate closed accounts by inserting a line in both the balance columns opposite the closing entry. Insert the new balance in the owner's capital account.
If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank.
Answer:
Sales (Dr.) $45,000
Income Summary (Cr.) $45,000
Income summary (Dr.) $63,900
Advertising Expense (Cr.) $1,200
Rent expense (Cr.) $5,600
Office Supplies Cost (Cr.) $9,800
Insurance Expense (Cr.) $7,000
Sales Returns (Cr.) $2,900
Interest Expense (Cr.) $3,200
Cost of Goods sold (Cr.) $27,500
Selling and administrative expense (Cr.) $6,700
Income Summary (Dr.) $250,000
Capital investment (Cr.) $ 250,000
Explanation:
Closing entries are prepared to close business transactions that occurred during the month. These transactions are closed with a contra account of Income Summary. All debit balance are credited with a debit of Income summary account and vice versa. the temporary account balances are reset to zero after closing entries are passed.
Tyra loves to shop at her favorite store, Dollar Barrel, where she can find hundreds of items priced at exactly $1. Tyra has to spend and is thinking of going on a shopping spree at Dollar Barrel, but she is also thinking of investing her money.
a. Suppose the expected rate of inflation is % (so next year, everything at Dollar Barrel will cost $1.01) and Tyra can earn on money that she invests. Approximately what real rate of interest could Tyra earn if she invests her money? How many items can she buy at Dollar Barrel today, and how many can she buy a year from now if she invests her money and goes shopping later? What is the percentage increase in Tyra's purchasing power if she waits a year to go shopping? Compare your answer to the approximate real interest rate on Tyra's investment.
b. Now suppose that the expected inflation rate is % and Tyra can earn % on money that she invests over the year. What is the approximate real rate of interest that Tyra will earn? Calculate the number of items that Tyra could buy next year from Dollar Barrel if she invests her money? What is the percentage increase in her purchasing power if she waits a year to go shopping? Relate your answer back to Tyra's real rate of return.
Answer:
$40 will go towards Margaret shopping spree
Explanation:
Your goal is to have $10,000 in your bank account by the end of twelve years. If the interest rate remains constant at 9% and you want to make annual identical deposits, what amount will you have to deposit into your account at the end of each year to reach your goal
Answer:
Annual deposit= $496.51
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Future value (FV)= $10,000
Interest rate (i)= 9%
Number of periods (n)= 12 years
To calculate the annual deposit, we need to use the following formula:
FV= {A*[(1+i)^n-1]}/i
A= annual deposit
Isolating A:
A= (FV*i)/{[(1+i)^n]-1}
A= (10,000*0.09) / [(1.09^12) - 1]
A= $496.51
When coins were jfirst used, they only had an image on one side. Why did coins start to have images on two sides?
Answer:
The coins have images on both sides because the coin issuers, or seigniors, wanted to see their faces on the coins.
Coins start to have images on two sides because the coin issuers, or seigniors, wanted to see their faces on the coins.
When and why were coins used as money?People traded products and services before money was created. The Mesopotamian people did not invent the shekel, which is regarded as the first known form of money, until roughly 5,000 years ago. Printed coins were used to pay troops, it was approximately 650–600 B.C. when gold and silver coins first appeared. The first real coins were struck in the prehistoric kingdoms of Lydia and Ionia and were made of electrum, a mineral composed primarily of gold and at least 20 percent silver.
The Lydians started minting gold coins in the period between 560 and 546 BC after learning how to separate the gold from the silver in electrum. Coins are significant historical primary sources. They communicate king names together with their titles, images, locations, dates, dynasties, accomplishments, and logos.
Learn more about coins here:
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Which set of items appears on the loan estimate
The estimated factory overhead cost for a Co. is $1750000 for the year. Direct labor hours are estimated to be 500000. Determine: SHOW ALL WORK a. Predetermined factory overhead rate. $ b. Determine the factory overhead applied assume the actual direct labor hours for Job 50 was. 20000 and for J0b 51 was 24000 . c. Determine the balance in the factory overhead account assuming that the actual cost incurred was $153000. d. Over or under-applied
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
To calculate the predetermined manufacturing overhead rate we need to use the following formula:
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= 1,750,000 / 500,000
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= $3.5 per direct labor hour
Now, we can allocate overhead to Job 50 and 51:
Allocated MOH= Estimated manufacturing overhead rate* Actual amount of allocation base
Job 50:
Allocated MOH= 3.5*20,000
Allocated MOH= $70,000
Job 51:
Allocated MOH= 3.5*24,000
Allocated MOH= $84,000
Finally, the under/over applied overhead:
(We weren't provided with enough information)
Under/over applied overhead= real overhead - allocated overhead
Younes Inc. manufactures industrial components. One of its products, which is used in the construction of industrial air conditioners, is known as P06. Data concerning this product are given below: Per Unit Selling price $ 220 Direct materials $ 38 Direct labor $ 1 Variable manufacturing overhead $ 8 Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 16 Variable selling expense $ 4 Fixed selling and administrative expense $ 16 The above per unit data are based on annual production of 4,000 units of the component. Assume that direct labor is a variable cost. What is the current contribution margin per unit for component P06 based on its selling price of $220 and its annual production of 4,000 units
Answer:
Contribution margin= $169
Explanation:
First, we need to calculate the total unitary variable cost:
total unitary variable cost= direct material + direct labor + variable overhead + variable selling expense
total unitary variable cost= 38 + 1 + 8 + 4
total unitary variable cost= $51
Now, the contribution margin:
Contribution margin= 220 - 51
Contribution margin= $169
discuss the benefits of considering a reservation in a restaurant.
Answer:
Another important benefit of making a reservation in the desired restaurant is the better quality of service one will receive. As the restaurant knows at what time and with how many people the customer will arrive, a comfortable table with enough seats and space will be reserved, and the restaurant's staff will be prepared to serve ...
Explanation:
Big Blue University has a fiscal year that ends on June 30. The 2019 summer session of the university runs from June 7 through July 27. Total tuition paid by students for the summer session amounted to $111,000. Required: a. How much revenue should be reflected in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019
Answer:
The amount of revenue that should be reflected in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 is $52,235.29.
Explanation:
Number of days from June 7 to June 30 = 30 - 6 = 24 days
Number of days from July 1 to July 27 = 27 days
Total number of days for the summer session = Number of days from June 7 to June 30 + Number of days from July 1 to July 27 = 24 + 27 = 51
Total tuition paid for the summer session = $111,000
Amount to be reflected in the fiscal year ended June 30 = (Number of days from June 7 to June 30 / Total number of days for the summer session) * Total tuition paid for the summer session = (24 / 51) * $111,000 = $52,235.29
Therefore, the amount of revenue that should be reflected in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 is $52,235.29.
Preferred stock issued in exchange for land would be reported in the statement of cash flows in Group of answer choices the cash flows from financing activities section the cash flows from investing activities section a separate schedule the cash flows from operating activities section
Answer: a separate schedule
Explanation:
Preferred stock, are referred to as the shares of the stock of a company whereby the dividends are paid out to the preference shareholders before the common stock dividends are issued.
It should be noted that the preferred stock which is issued in exchange for the land will be reported in the statement of cash flows in a separate schedule.
mike has $200 in his wallet. He pays a cell phone bill of $89.50. Then he earns $125 shoveling driveways. From mike lends $15 to friend. That night he gets $20 in a card for his birthday. How much money does he have now?
Answer:
$240.50
Explanation:
200-89.50 = 110.50
110.50+125 = 235.50
235.50-15 = 220.50
220.50 + 20 = 240.50
Vanessa and Martin file a joint return for 2020. They have one child age 12. They have combined AGI of $202,000. What is their maximum permitted contribution to a Coverdell Education Savings Account for 2019?
a. $0.
b. $800.
c. $1,200.
d. $2,000.
Answer:
Their maximum permitted contribution to a Coverdell Education Savings Account for 2019 is $1,200 that is Option c.
Explanation:
[tex]=\frac{202000-190000}{30000} \\= 0.40(2000)[/tex]
= $800 is disallowed.
So, $1200 is allowed.
Collins Corporation uses a predetermined overhead rate based on direct labor cost to apply manufacturing overhead to jobs. The following information applies to the Collins Corporation for the current year: Direct Labor-Hours: Estimated for the Year 24,000 Actual Hours Worked 19,500 Direct Labor Cost Estimated for the Year 300,000 Actual Cost Incurred 210,000 Manufacturing Overhead Estimated for the Year 240,000 Actual Cost Incurred 185,000 Beginning Balance Ending Balance Raw Materials 14,000 22,000 Work in Process 27,000 9,000 Finished Goods 62,000 77,000 The manufacturing overhead cost for the current year will be: a. $17,000 overallocated. b. $17,000 underallocated. c. $55,000 overallocated. d. $55,000 underallocated.
Answer:
b. $17,000 underallocated
Explanation:
Given the information above, the computation of manufacturing overhead cost for the current year is seen below;
First, we will compute the predetermined overhead cost
= Estimated manufacturing overhead / Estimated direct labor hour
How would you explain to a skeptical bank manager why the socially optimal number of bank robberies is not zero
Answer:
The socially optimal number of bank robberies is not equal zero because due to the presence or the possibility of robberies in Banks, some industries will be sustained and such industries are ; Security agencies and their personnel , Insurance companies, Vault designing and manufacturing firms.
Explanation:
A socially optimal quantity of a good or service is the quantity of a good or service that is beneficial to the society ( i.e. to other industries related directly or indirectly to the good or service )
The socially optimal number of bank robberies is not equal zero because due to the presence or the possibility of robberies in Banks, some industries will be sustained and such industries are ; Security agencies and their personnel , Insurance companies, Vault designing and manufacturing firms.
Hence if the socially optimal number of bank robberies equals zero the aforementioned industries will be out of business
