To prepare 50.00 mL of a 0.100 M buffer that is 0.0500 M in NaH2PO4 and has a pH of 7.20, 0.345 g of NaH2PO4•H2O and 3.15 g of Na2HPO4 are required.
Calculate the ratio of [A^-]/[HA] using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:[A^-]/[HA] = 10^(pH - pKa) = 10^(7.20 - 7.21) = 0.891
Calculate the concentrations of NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4 in the buffer:[HA] = 0.0500 M
[A^-] = [HA] x [A^-]/[HA] = 0.0500 M x 0.891 = 0.0445 M
Calculate the moles of NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4 required to make 50.00 mL of the buffer solution:moles of NaH2PO4 = 0.0500 M x 50.00 mL / 1000 mL = 0.00250 mol
moles of Na2HPO4 = 0.0445 M x 50.00 mL / 1000 mL = 0.00223 mol
Calculate the mass of NaH2PO4•H2O and Na2HPO4 required using their molar masses:mass of NaH2PO4•H2O = 0.00250 mol x 138.0 g/mol = 0.345 g
mass of Na2HPO4 = 0.00223 mol x 141.96 g/mol = 3.15 g
What is pH?
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration [H+] in moles per liter (M), pH = -log[H+].
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The air trapped inside a 240 mL glass bottle has a pressure of 1.0 atm and a temperature of 25.0 °C. You put the glass bottle into a freezer. After several hours, the air trapped inside the bottle has a temperature of -35.0 °C and a pressure of 0.80 atm. Determine the value of k for the air trapped inside the glass bottle before and after cooling to show that P equals kT.
The value of k for the air trapped inside the glass bottle before and after cooling is 0.2021, thus proving that P equals kT.
The air trapped inside a 240 mL glass bottle has a pressure of 1.0 atm and a temperature of 25.0 °C. To determine the value of k for the air trapped inside the glass bottle before and after cooling to show that P equals kT, we need to use the ideal gas law equation, which states that PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature. When the bottle is put into the freezer, the temperature decreases from 25.0 °C to -35.0 °C and the pressure decreases from 1.0 atm to 0.80 atm. Therefore, we can calculate the value of k by plugging in the values of pressure and temperature into the equation: PV = nRT. By rearranging the equation and solving for k, we find that k = PV/nRT. Plugging in the values, we get k = (1.0 atm x 240 mL) / (n x 0.0821 atm•L/mol•K x (25.0°C - (-35.0°C)) = 0.2021. This means that the value of k for the air trapped inside the glass bottle before and after cooling is 0.2021, thus proving that P equals kT.
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What is the meaning of friction
Explanation: the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.
or
the action of one surface or object rubbing against another.
Answer: a force that resists the motion of one object against another
What kind of scientist would study the effects of acid rain on marble statues? A. A physicist B. A biologist C. A chemist D. An economist
Scientists would research the impacts of marble monuments and acid rain. A chemist. Hoping this is useful.
The correct answer is :C.
What are the substances that change the earth's surface?Surface sediments are transported and large stones are broken up through wind, water, and ice. Years are often needed for weathering, erosion, and deposition to cause noticeable changes. Nonetheless, certain things change the Planet's surface far more quickly than others. Extreme events, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions are a few of them.
What adjustments to the Planet's surface may rain makes?Weathering and erosion caused by water movement change the properties of the terrain. Regional wind patterns and climate are defined by several interactions, including the role of the ocean. The unique physical and chemical properties of water have a profound effect on the planet's dynamics.
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value: 4
Which of the following energy types are used in medical imaging process?
Light,heat,chemical, radiation
Answer:
radiation is the answer
FILL IN THE BLANK. The molecular ion produced when an organic molecule is bombarded by a high-energy stream of electrons _____.
The molecular ion produced when an organic molecule is bombarded by a high-energy stream of electrons is known as a radical cation.
Radical cations are highly reactive and can react quickly with other compounds in their environment. The number of electrons removed to form the radical cation is determined by the type of organic molecule that is bombarded. If an alkene is bombarded, two electrons are typically removed, forming an allyl radical cation, while the addition of three electrons is necessary to form a benzyl radical cation. Radical cations are stabilized by the formation of new bonds with other molecules, thereby forming an adduct. The adduct can then be separated and characterized using chromatographic techniques. Additionally, radical cations can also react with nucleophiles, resulting in a variety of other reaction products. Thus, the molecular ion produced when an organic molecule is bombarded by a high-energy stream of electrons is a radical cation.
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Which of the following are volume ratios from this equation? Select all that apply.
2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O
The volume ratios from the equation 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O are:
2 L H2 : 1 L O2 (or 2 mol H2 : 1 mol O2)1 L O2 : 2 L H2O (or 1 mol O2 : 2 mol H2O)The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation give the ratio of moles of reactants and products. From the equation 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, we can see that:
2 moles of H2 react with 1 mole of O2 to produce 2 moles of H2O.Therefore, the following volume ratios are valid:
2 L H2 : 1 L O21 L O2 : 2 L H2OWhat are the reactants?
The reactants are the substances that participate in a chemical reaction and are consumed to form new products. In the equation 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, the reactants are hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2). These reactants undergo a chemical reaction to form water (H2O) as the product.
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Seventy five percent of a compound is carbon. If you have 250 grams of this particular compound, how much carbon is contained?
Answer:
The compound has 187.5 g. of Carbon
Explanation:
If the 100% of the compound is 250 gr, then you can calculate the 75% of it by multiplying:
Amount of Carbon = (75%) 250 g.
75%= 0.75
250 (0.75)
= 187.5 g.
Which of the following molecules is drawn in a conformation that has a proton and a leaving group anti-periplanar? H₂C, Br Ph. H CH3 Br H H₂C Br H₂C Ph H₂C CH3 H Ph H₂C, Br H Ph Save for Later CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 Sul
The molecule that is drawn in a conformation that has a proton and a leaving group anti-periplanar is H₂C, Br.
The A, B, C, and D bond angles of a molecule are referred to as anti-periplanar, or antiperiplanar, in organic chemistry. The dihedral angles of the A–B and C–D bonds in this conformer are larger than +150° or less than 150°. In textbooks, the term "anti-periplanar" is frequently used to refer to a strictly anti-coplanar structure with a 180° AB CD dihedral angle. The anti-periplanar functional groups will be 180° apart from one another and in a staggered configuration in a Newman projection of the molecule.
Conformation is an essential factor in predicting reactivity in organic molecules. The anti-periplanar conformation of a molecule is one that occurs when two atoms in a molecule are in the same plane and are separated by 180 degrees. In this case, the proton and leaving group are placed in a perpendicular plane to the atoms directly in between them. This is the most stable conformer of the molecule. A significant factor in predicting reactivity in organic molecules is conformation. In this case, the molecule H₂C, Br is drawn in a conformation that has a proton and a leaving group anti-periplanar.
Therefore, the correct option is H₂C, Br.
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3. Draw a Lewis dot structure for the fictitious molecular ion [ZO2]-1. Assume that the central Z atom is bonded to each of the outer O atoms by a single bond. What is the formal charge on the Z atom?
The formal charge on the Z atom in the [ZO2]-1 ion is +1.
The Lewis dot structure for the [ZO2]-1 molecular ion is:
O
|
Z === O
|
O-
1. Determine the total number of valence electrons in the ion by adding the valence electrons of each atom and the charge of the ion.
Z has 4 valence electrons, while each O atom has 6 valence electrons.The ion has an overall negative charge of 1, so there is one extra electron.Total number of valence electrons = 4 + 6 + 6 + 1 = 172. Connect the Z atom to each O atom with a single bond, which uses up 2 electrons.
We now have 15 electrons left to distribute.3. Add the remaining electrons in pairs as lone pairs to each atom until all valence electrons are used up.
Each O atom needs 2 lone pairs (4 electrons).Z needs 2 lone pairs (4 electrons).4. Draw the Lewis dot structure.
The Lewis dot structure for [ZO2]-1 is:O
|
Z === O
|
O-
5. Calculate the formal charge on the Z atom using the formula:
Z has 4 valence electrons.Z has 2 lone pairs (4 electrons) and 2 bonding electrons (1 bond to each O).Formal charge = valence electrons - (number of lone pair electrons + 1/2 x number of bonding electrons)
Formal charge = 4 - (2 + 1/2 x 2) = 4 - 3 = +1
Therefore, the formal charge on the Z atom in the [ZO2]-1 ion is +1.
What is valence electron?
A valence electron is an electron in the outer shell associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed.
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Cryolite, Na3AlF6(s),
an ore used in the production of aluminum, can be synthesized using aluminum oxide.
equation:
Al2O3(s)+6NaOH(l)+12HF(g)⟶2Na3AlF6+9H2O(g)
If 10.3 kg of Al2O3(s),
55.4 kg of NaOH(l),
and 55.4 kg of HF(g)
react completely, how many kilograms of cryolite will be produced?
mass of cryolite produced:
The mass (in kilograms) of Cryolite, Na₃AlF₆ produced, given that 10.3 Kg of Al₂O₃, 55.4 Kg of NaOH, and 55.4 Kg of HF react completely is 42.4 Kg
How do i determine the mass of Na₃AlF₆ produced?The mass of Na₃AlF₆ produced from the reaction can be obtained as follow:
Al₂O₃(s) + 6NaOH(l) + 12HF(g) ⟶ 2Na₃AlF₆ + 9H₂O(g
Molar mass of Al₂O₃ = 102 g/molMass of Al₂O₃ from the balanced equation = 1 × 102 = 102 g = 102 / 1000 = 0.102 KgMolar mass of Na₃AlF₆ = 210 g/molMass of Fe from the balanced equation = 2 × 210 = 420 g = 420 / 1000 = 0.420 KgFrom the balanced equation above,
0.102 Kg of Al₂O₃ reacted to produce 0.420 Kg of Na₃AlF₆
Therefore,
10.3 Kg of Al₂O₃ will react to produce = (10.3 × 0.420) / 0.102 = 42.4 Kg of Na₃AlF₆
Thus, from the above calculation, it is evident that the mass of Na₃AlF₆ produced is 42.4 Kg
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use the trendline equation in fig6.2 to determine the kelvin temperature at which the pressure equals .72 atm
When the pressure is 0.72 atm, the temperature in Kelvin is 156 K.
To determine the Kelvin temperature when the pressure is 0.72 atm, you will need to use the trendline equation given in Fig 6.2. First, find the equation of the trendline by using the graph's two points, (300 K, 1 atm) and (500 K, 2 atm).
The equation for the trendline is:
y = mx + b
Where y is pressure, x is the temperature in Kelvin, m is the slope, and b is the y-intercept. We can find the slope of the trendline by using the two points provided in the graph:
Slope (m) = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
Slope = (2 atm - 1 atm) / (500 K - 300 K)
Slope = 0.005 atm/K
The equation for the trendline can now be written: y = 0.005x + b. To find the y-intercept, b, we can use one of the two points: Solving for b:
1 atm = 0.005(300 K) + bb = 1.5 atm
Now we can use the equation for the trendline to find the temperature (x) at which the pressure (y) equals 0.72 atm:
0.72 atm = 0.005x + 1.5 atm
0.72 atm - 1.5 atm = 0.005x
-0.78 atm = 0.005xx
= -0.78 atm / 0.005x
= 156K
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Calculate the pH of a 0.40 M solution of sodium acetate (NaCH3COO) given that the Ka of acetic acid (CH3COOH) is 1.8 x 10-5 a. 9.26 c. 2.57 O d. 4.83 e. 11.43
Option (C) is correct. The pH of the solution of sodium acetate (NaCH3COO) given that the Ka of acetic acid (CH3COOH) is 2.57.
Sodium acetate is defined as the salt of a weak acid and strong base from the equation:
C2H3NaO2 ---> CH3COO−+Na+
CH3COO− + H2O ⇌ CH3COOH + OH−
As it is a weak acid and strong base, this is a good indicator of a fairly high pH value.
Kb = [HB+] + [OH−] / [B]
where, [B] is the concentration of the base[HB+] is the concentration of base ions.[OH−] is the concentration of the hydroxide ions.
Ka Kb=1⋅10−14
So, Kb=1⋅10−14 / 1.8⋅10−5
=5.555...⋅10−10
Putting the value of this in the expression of pH we get the value of pH .
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please answer the question for BRAINLIEST asap
Using the formula M1V1 = M2V2 , if I add water to 100.0 mL of a 0.15 M NaOH solution until the final volume is 150 mL, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be?
Question 3 options:
0.23M
1.0M
0.10M
1.0E5M
Answer:
M2= 0,1 M
Explanation:
M1=0,15 M
V1= 100 mL =0,1 L
M2= ?
V2= 150 mL = 0,15 L
M1V1= M2V2
(0,15 mol/L) (0,1 L) = M2 (0,15 L)
0,015 mol / 0,15 L = M2
M2= 0,1 M
how many different alkenes result when 2-bromooctane is treated with a strong base? select answer from the options below
Strong bases like sodium ethoxide (NaOEt) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are used to treat 2-bromooctane, which then goes through an elimination process (also known as dehydrohalogenation) to produce various alkenes.
Which 4 alkenes are there?Ethene, propene, butene, and pentene are the first four alkenes.
Alkenes are a group of unsaturated hydrocarbons (i.e., molecules with solely carbon and hydrogen) that include at least one double bond from carbon to carbon. Olefins is a different name for alkenes. Due to the double bond, alkenes are more reactive than alkanes.
Both the hydrocarbons alkene and alkyne are unsaturated.
Whereas two Carbon atoms in Alkyne are joined by a triple bond, two Carbon atoms in Alkene only have a double bond.
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based on the information in the table, which of the following arranges the bonds in order of decreasing polarity
The bonds would be arranged in order of decreasing polarity as follows: H-F Bond (most polar) > O-H Bond and C-H Bond (tied) > C-C Bond (least polar).
In order to arrange the bonds in order of decreasing polarity, we can look at the electronegativity difference between the two atoms of each bond. Electronegativity differences will determine whether the bond is polar, nonpolar, or ionic.
In general, the polarity of a bond is determined by the electronegativity difference between the atoms in the bond. The greater the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the bond is likely to be.
The following is a list of the bonds in order of decreasing polarity, based on the information provided in the table:
The table shows the following:
H-F Bond: Electronegativity difference = 1.9
C-H Bond: Electronegativity difference = 0.4
C-C Bond: Electronegativity difference = 0
HF is the least polar bond since the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and fluorine is smaller than the differences between the other atoms in the list.
Therefore, the bonds would be arranged in order of decreasing polarity as follows: H-F Bond (most polar) > and C-H Bond (tied) > C-C Bond (least polar).
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The complete questions is:
Based on the information in the table, which of the following arranges the bonds in order of decreasing polarity
The table shows the following:
H-F Bond: Electronegativity difference = 1.9
C-H Bond: Electronegativity difference = 0.4
C-C Bond: Electronegativity difference = 0
2ca + o2 - 2cao identify the oxidizing and reducing agents
Answer:
Ca is a reducing agent and O is the oxidizing agent.
Explanation:
calcium is the reducing agent as it reduces oxygen while it oxidize itself and oxygen is an oxidising agent because it oxidized others and reduces itself. in this equation oxygen is reducing and Calcium is oxidising. and as it is stated in the definition that oxidizing agent is the agent which oxidises others and reduces itself and it is also stated that reducing agent reduces others and oxidize itself. so based on this statement calcium is reducing agent and O is a oxidizing agent.
given the atomic mass of hydrogen is 1 amu, the atomic mass of oxygen is 16 amu, and one molecule of sulfuric acid has a mass of 98 amu, what is the atomic mass of sulfur trioxide?
The atomic mass of sulfur trioxide (SO3) is 82 amu.
How to find the atomic mass of sulfur trioxide ?Sulfur trioxide (SO3) has one sulfur atom and three oxygen atoms.
The atomic mass of sulfur can be calculated by subtracting the total mass of the oxygen atoms in sulfuric acid (3 x 16 amu) from the mass of sulfuric acid (98 amu) and then subtracting the mass of the remaining oxygen atom:
Mass of sulfur = (98 amu - 3 x 16 amu) - 1 x 16 amuMass of sulfur = (98 amu - 48 amu) - 16 amuMass of sulfur = 34 amuThe atomic mass of sulfur is 34 amu.
To find the atomic mass of sulfur trioxide, we add the atomic masses of one sulfur atom and three oxygen atoms:
Atomic mass of SO3 = 1 x 34 amu + 3 x 16 amuAtomic mass of SO3 = 34 amu + 48 amuAtomic mass of SO3 = 82 amuTherefore, the atomic mass of sulfur trioxide (SO3) is 82 amu.
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Consider the reaction between aqueous solutions of potassium hydroxide and chromium (III) chloride. Based on your balanced equation for this reaction, answer the following questions: 1) What are the spectator ions in this reaction? and 2) What is the formula for the precipitate formed in this reaction? 3) What is the sum of all the coefficients in the net ionic equation for this reaction? Net lonic Equati....pdf Hydrocarbon C....pdf
The net ionic equation for the given reaction is: 1 Cr3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) → Cr(OH)3(s)
2. The formula for the precipitate formed in this reaction is Cr(OH)3.
3. The sum of all coefficients in the net ionic equation is 4.
Consider the reaction between aqueous solutions of potassium hydroxide and chromium (III) chloride. The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is:KOH(aq) + CrCl3(aq) → KCl(aq) + Cr(OH)3(s)1) Spectator ionsThe ions that do not take part in the reaction are known as spectator ions.
These ions are present on both sides of the equation without undergoing any chemical changes.The ionic equation for the given reaction is:3K+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) + Cr3+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq) → 3K+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq) + Cr(OH)3(s)The spectator ions are K+ and Cl-.2)
PrecipitateThe precipitate is formed when the two reactants are combined together, and it can be identified from the ionic equation. In this reaction, the precipitate is formed when KOH is added to the aqueous solution of chromium(III) chloride.The formula for the precipitate formed in this reaction is Cr(OH)3.3) Sum of all coefficientsThe net ionic equation represents the actual chemical change occurring in the reaction.
The spectator ions are removed, and only the ions that participate in the reaction are shown. The net ionic equation for the given reaction is:Cr3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) → Cr(OH)3(s)The sum of all coefficients in the net ionic equation is 4.
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Please help me Look at the picture below
The first two statements are false, whereas the last statement, which says that pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related, is true.
How are pressure and volume related to one another?Statement 1: This claim was incorrect because, according to the ideal gas law, PV=nRT, pressure (P) and volume (V) are inversely proportional to each other at a constant temperature (T) and amount of gas (n). This means that as pressure increases, volume decreases. This relationship is known as Boyle's law. Therefore, the statement that pressure has no effect on volume of a gas is false.
Statement 2: This claim was incorrect because, pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related according to Boyle's law, which states that at a constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. This means that if the pressure of a gas increases, its volume will decrease, and if the pressure decreases, the volume will increase, as long as the temperature remains constant.
Statement 3: This claim was correct because, According to Boyle's law, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other, which means that when the pressure of a gas increases, its volume will decrease and vice versa, as long as the temperature and the number of particles in the gas are kept constant. This relationship is expressed mathematically as P₁V₁ = P₂V₂, where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume.
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What is the molarity of sodium hydroxide if 20.0 mL of the solution is neutralized by each of the following 1.00M solutions?A. 28.0 mL of HClB. 17.4 mL of H3PO4
Molarity of NaOH for 28.0 mL of HCl = 0.560 M and Molarity of NaOH for 17.4 mL of H3PO4 = 0.910 M.
The molarity of sodium hydroxide if 20.0 mL of the solution is neutralized by 28.0 mL of HCl and 17.4 mL of H3PO4 are 0.560 M and 0.910 M, respectively.
A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that results in the formation of salt and water. An acid and a base combine to form a salt and water in a neutralization reaction. Neutralization reactions are essential in life, as they aid in digestion, medical treatments, and other chemical reactions in the body. The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid is:
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction of sodium hydroxide with phosphoric acid is:
3 NaOH + H3PO4 → Na3PO4 + 3 H2O
Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution
1. Calculate the number of moles of the acid. Using the given volume of the acid and its molarity, calculate the number of moles of acid.
Moles of acid = Molarity × Volume of acid (in liters)
2. Determine the number of moles of NaOH used in the reaction. Using the balanced equation, determine the number of moles of NaOH that reacted with the number of moles of acid.
Number of moles of NaOH = Number of moles of acid (from step 1)
3. Calculate the molarity of the NaOH solution.
Molarity of NaOH = Number of moles of NaOH / Volume of NaOH (in liters)Molarity of NaOH for 28.0 mL of HCl
= 0.560 M
Molarity of NaOH for 17.4 mL of H3PO4 = 0.910 M
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Consider a 0.238 M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH.
How many grams of NaOH are dissolved in 23.46 mL?
Answer:
0.2237 grams of NaOH
Explanation:
To calculate the grams of NaOH dissolved in 23.46 mL of a 0.238 M solution of NaOH, we can use the formula:
mass = molarity x volume x molar mass
where mass is the mass of NaOH dissolved in grams, molarity is the concentration of NaOH in moles per liter, volume is the volume of the solution in liters, and molar mass is the molar mass of NaOH in grams per mole.
First, we need to convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters:
volume = 23.46 mL / 1000 mL/L
volume = 0.02346 L
The molar mass of NaOH is 40.00 g/mol.
Now we can plug in the values and solve for mass:
mass = 0.238 M x 0.02346 L x 40.00 g/mol
mass = 0.2237 g
Therefore, there are 0.2237 grams of NaOH dissolved in 23.46 mL of a 0.238 M solution of NaOH.
For the partially completed Lewis structures, pick the correct Lewis structure.
How many Valence Electrons total overall?
The correct Lewis structures of the compounds that we have in the question have been shown in the images attached.
What is the Lewis structure?A Lewis structure is a diagram that shows the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the arrangement of electrons around the atoms. It is also known as a Lewis dot structure, Lewis dot diagram, or electron dot structure.
Lewis structures are useful in predicting the geometry of molecules and determining the polarity of molecules. They are also helpful in understanding the reactivity of molecules and how they interact with other molecules.
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How many grams of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO 4 ⋅5H 2 O) are needed to prepare 100.00 milliliters of a 0.12M copper(II) sulfate solution?
Answer:2.5 g CuSO4⋅5H2O.
Explanation:
You're dealing with copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate,
CuSO
4
⋅
5
H
2
O
, an ionic compound that contains water of crystallization in its structure.
More specifically, you have five moles of water of crystallization for every one mole of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate. This means that you're going to have to account for the mass of this water of crystallization in your calculations.
Now, you need your target solution to have a molarity of
0.10 M
and a volume of
100. mL
. Since molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution, you can say that the target solution must contain
Q10. Hydrocarbon molecules can react with halogens like Cl2 or Br2 (represented generically by X2) where C-H bonds are replaced by C-X bonds, forming HX molecules in the process. Balance the following chemical reaction and compute the estimated heat of reaction using the values above.
C3H8(g) + X2(g) → C3H2X6(g) + HX (g)
You are given the following average bond energies:
H-H 436 kJ/mol
H-X 431 kJ/mol
H-C 414 kJ/mol
C-X 339 kJ/mol
X-X 243 kJ/mol
Answer: To balance the given chemical equation, we can start by counting the number of atoms on both sides of the equation. We have 3 carbon atoms and 8 hydrogen atoms on the left side, and 3 carbon atoms, 6 X atoms, and 1 hydrogen atom on the right side.
C3H8(g) + X2(g) → C3H2X6(g) + HX(g)
To balance the equation, we can add a coefficient of 3 in front of HX on the product side:
C3H8(g) + X2(g) → C3H2X6(g) + 3HX(g)
Now, we have the same number of H atoms on both sides (8 H atoms on each side), and the equation is balanced.
To estimate the heat of reaction, we can use the bond energy values to calculate the energy required to break the bonds in the reactants and the energy released by forming the bonds in the products. We can then subtract the energy required to break the bonds from the energy released by forming the bonds to obtain an estimate of the heat of reaction.
Breaking bonds in the reactants:
3 C-H bonds × 414 kJ/mol = 1242 kJ/mol
1 X-X bond × 243 kJ/mol = 243 kJ/mol
Forming bonds in the products:
6 C-X bonds × 339 kJ/mol = 2034 kJ/mol
1 C-H bond × 414 kJ/mol = 414 kJ/mol
3 H-X bonds × 431 kJ/mol = 1293 kJ/mol
Estimated heat of reaction:
Energy released - energy required
(2034 kJ/mol + 414 kJ/mol + 1293 kJ/mol) - (1242 kJ/mol + 243 kJ/mol) = 2756 kJ/mol
Therefore, the estimated heat of reaction for the given chemical equation is 2756 kJ/mol. Note that this is only an estimate and actual experimental values may differ due to factors such as reaction conditions and the presence of catalysts.
a 0.100 mole sample of ethane, c2h6, contains which of these? hint: how many atoms are present in one c2h6 molecule?
0.100 mole sample of ethane contains approximately 1.204 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] carbon atoms and 3.612 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] hydrogen atoms.
What are the atoms?
In one molecule of ethane (C2H6), there are 2 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms.
To determine how many atoms are present in a 0.100 mole sample of ethane, we can use Avogadro's number, which relates the number of particles (in this case, molecules) to the amount of substance in moles. Avogadro's number is approximately 6.02 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] particles per mole.
So, a 0.100 mole sample of ethane would contain:
0.100 x 6.02 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex]molecules of ethane2 x 0.100 x 6.02 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] carbon atoms (since each ethane molecule contains 2 carbon atoms)6 x 0.100 x 6.02 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] hydrogen atoms (since each ethane molecule contains 6 hydrogen atoms)Simplifying this expression, we get:
6.02 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex] molecules of ethane1.204 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex]carbon atoms (2 x 6.02 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex])3.612 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] hydrogen atoms (6 x 6.02 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex])Therefore, a 0.100 mole sample of ethane contains approximately 1.204 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] carbon atoms and 3.612 x [tex]10^{24}[/tex] hydrogen atoms.
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Enter your answer in the provided box.
Answer the following questions about the fermentation of glucose (C6H12O6, molar mass 180.2 g/mol) to ethanol (C2H6O) and CO2.
C6H12O6(s) → 2 C2H6O(l) + 2 CO2(g) ΔH = −16 kcal/mol
glucose ethanol
How many kilocalories of energy are released from 40.0 g of glucose?
kcal of energy released
Report answer to TWO significant figures.
Answer:
Explanation:
40/ 180.2 x (-16 / 1 mole glucose)=-3.6 KJ
5. Calculate the goniometer setting, in terms of 2θ, required to observe the Lβ1 (n=1) lines for Br at λ = 8.126Å when the diffracting crystal is:a) Ethylenediamine d-tartrate (d=4.404Å)b) Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (d=7.549Å)
When the diffracting crystal is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the goniometer setting needed to observe the L1 (n=1) lines for Br at = 8.126 is 2 = 2 x 32.6° = 65.2°.
What is the purpose of a goniometer?A goniometer is a tool that can be used to rotate an object to a specific position or measure an angle. The former description more accurately describes orthopedics. Goniometry is the art and science of determining the joint ranges in each plane of the joint.
Using Bragg's Law, we can determine the goniometer setting for seeing the L1 (n=1) lines for Br at = 8.126:
nλ = 2d sinθ
For the Lβ1 (n=1) lines for Br at λ = 8.126Å, we have:
n = 1
λ = 8.126Å
a) d = 4.404 for ethylenediamine d-tartrate.
When we apply the values to Bragg's Law, we obtain:
1 x 8.126Å = 2 x 4.404Å x sinθ
sinθ = (1 x 8.126Å) / (2 x 4.404Å) = 0.923
θ = sin(0.923) = 68.9°
b) d = 7.549 for ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. Å
When we apply the values to Bragg's Law, we obtain:
1 x 8.126Å = 2 x 7.549Å x sinθ
sinθ = (1 x 8.126Å) / (2 x 7.549Å) = 0.539
θ = sin(0.539) = 32.6°
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the electron configuration of nitrogen is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^3. how many electrons are present in an atom of nitrogen? what is the atomic number for nitrogen?
Since the electronic configuration of nitrogen is 1s² 2s² 2p³, the number of electrons present in the nitrogen atom is 7, and the atomic number of nitrogen is also seven (7).
The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons defines the properties of an element. For example, if an element with 5 protons is boron atom.
The electronic configuration of an atom represents the number of electrons in each sub-energy level of the atom in the ground state.
The electronic configuration of nitrogen is 1s²2s²2p³. As you know, the electrons around the nucleus are located in energies or levels. Therefore, from the definition of electron configuration, we can say that the nitrogen atom has 2 electrons in the first energy level K of the s-subshell, and in the s-subshell and the p subshell of the second energy level L, respectively There are 2 or 3 electrons.
Therefore, the total number of electrons in the nitrogen atom is 7 (2 + 2 + 3). We know that the number of protons = the number of electrons, so the number of protons in the nitrogen nucleus is 7. Therefore, the nitrogen atom has an atomic number of 7.
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Determine the pressure (in atm) of a 7.16-g sample of He gas at 692 K in a container with a volume of 55.9 L.
Answer:
1.82 atm
Explanation:
Ideal gas law
P=nRT/V
1) solve for n which is moles
7.16 / 4 = 1.79 mole He
2)
n=1.79
R=0.0821
T=692 K
V=55.9
P=1.79 X 0.0821 X 692 / 55.9 =1.82 atm
Using C2H4 + 3 O2 -> 2 CO2 + 2 H2O. If 20 moles of fuel are combusted in the above equation, how many moles of O2 are consumed?
Answer:
Using C2H4 + 3 O2 -> 2 CO2 + 2 H2O. If 20 moles of fuel are combusted in the above equation, how many moles of O2 are consumed?
Explanation:
According to the balanced chemical equation:
1 mole of C2H4 reacts with 3 moles of O2
Therefore, for 20 moles of C2H4 combusted, we would need:
20 moles C2H4 × (3 moles O2 / 1 mole C2H4) = 60 moles O2
So, 60 moles of O2 are consumed in the combustion of 20 moles of C2H4.
