What is a scientific theory? What is a hypothesis? How are they similar? How do they differ?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: Scientific theories can be backed up with evidence/data (the evidence that backs the theory isn't common knowledge to everyone yet), while a hypothesis is just an educated guess, meaning that you are making a prediction based on something already known.

They are both similar in the sense that they are questions that are answered by facts, but theories are answered with factual evidence rather than factual reasoning (hypothesis).


Related Questions

what is the hypothesis

Answers

Answer:

a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

Explanation:

Answer:

what you think is gonna happen in an experiment

Explanation:

When an action potential from a motor neuron arrives at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), a series of events occurs that leads to muscle contraction. What events will occur last?

Answers

Answer:

conformational change in troponin

Explanation:

The troponin complex plays an essential role in the thin filament regulation of striated muscle contraction.

briefly outline how cell theory has developed over the past 400 years​

Answers

Explanation:

The cell theory, or cell doctrine, states that all organisms are composed of similar units of organization, called cells. The concept was formally articulated in 1839 by Schleiden & Schwann and has remained as the foundation of modern biology. The idea predates other great paradigms of biology including Darwin’s theory of evolution (1859), Mendel’s laws of inheritance (1865), and the establishment of comparative biochemistry (1940).

First Cells Seen in Cork

While the invention of the telescope made the Cosmos accessible to human observation, the microsope opened up smaller worlds, showing what living forms were composed of. The cell was first discovered and named by Robert Hooke in 1665. He remarked that it looked strangely similar to cellula or small rooms which monks inhabited, thus deriving the name. However what Hooke actually saw was the dead cell walls of plant cells (cork) as it appeared under the microscope. Hooke’s description of these cells was published in Micrographia. The cell walls observed by Hooke gave no indication of the nucleus and other organelles found in most living cells. The first man to witness a live cell under a microscope was Anton van Leeuwenhoek, who in 1674 described the algae Spirogyra. Van Leeuwenhoek probably also saw bacteria

The cell theory, states that all organisms are composed of similar units of organization, called cells.

What is cell theory?

The concept of cell theory was in 1839 by Schleiden & Schwann which leads the foundation of modern biology. Cell theory states that every cell is generated from another preexisting cell.

This idea makes the great revolution in biology including Darwin’s theory of evolution (1859), Mendel’s laws of inheritance (1865), and the establishment of comparative biochemistry (1940).

Schleiden & Schwann propose every organism is composed of the cell, which is the basic unit of life and each cell comes from the preexisting cell, and each cell produces a progeny which is similar to its parent cell.

Therefore, cell theory states the existence of the cell in the organism.

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Which of the traits below are completely influenced by the expression of genes? (Choose all that apply)
weight
attached or unattached earlobes
hair texture
eye color

Answers

Eye color bjfijdjsuddjjdcnvnfjd

Answer:

attached or unattached ear lobes

ANSWER ASAP PLEASEEEEEE!!!!!! ILL GIVE 100 POINTS!!

Answers

Answer:

d

Explanation:

Answer: D, I believe.

Explanation:

The digestive and excretory systems

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THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Answer: The attachment shows the nephron which is the functional unit of the kidney.

It does the work of urine formation through 3 distinct processes.

-Ultra filtration( Small molecules are forced out of the selectively permeable membrane of the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule under regulated pressure.these molecules are from the blood in the glomerulus brought in by the afferent arteriole.

- Selective reabsorption ( Useful molecule and iron such as glucose and sodium are reabsorbed back into the blood as the filtrate flows through the tubule(nephron)

-Tubular Secretion. ( Movement of molecules not filtered by the glomerulus during the initial stage of filtration back into the filtrate through the renal capillaries.

Stella's urine sample shows the presence of large protein (ULTRAFILTRATION)

John's blood test report indicates a high toxin level ( ULTRAFILTRATION AND TUBULAR SECRETION)

Miguel's blood test shows an increase in metabolic waste( ULTRAFILTRATION AND TUBULAR SECRETION)

Janice's urine report shows the presence of vital materials ( SELECTIVE REABSORPTION).

Abnormal vascular regulation by endothelial cells in small vessels of the heart contributes to:___________. a. Hypertension b. Dysrhythmias c. Truncus arteriosus d. Ischemic heart disease

Answers

Answer: The correct answer to the question is option D

ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE.

Explanation: To answer the question effectively, let us look at the options given,what they are and how they affect the heart.

Endothelial cells play a crucial role in the regulating vascular tone,They do so by secreting variable amounts of constricting and relaxing factors inorder to control tissue perfusion.

Hypertension on the other hand occurs as a result of factors that varies distinctively and not all related to vascular tone.

Dysrhythmias on it's own will affect the function and conduction of heart chambers but not necessarily vascular tones.

Truncus arteriosus results in only in one large artery exiting/leaving the heart.

What happens when volcanoes release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere?

Answers

Answer:

a. the climate gets warmer...

Explanation:

When volcanoes release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, global warming is due to the greenhouse effect.

What do you mean by the Greenhouse effect?

The Greenhouse effect may be defined as the phenomenon of keeping the earth warm due to the presence of certain gases in the atmosphere.

Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, Methane, and Nitrous oxide allow the solar radiations to enter but prevent the escape of heat radiations of longer wavelength.

Due to this, the gradual and continuous increase in the average temperature of the earth's surface occurs, a phenomenon known as global warming.

Therefore, when volcanoes release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, global warming is due to the greenhouse effect.

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What is the definition of salinity ?

Answers

Answer:

Salinity pertains to the degree of saltiness or the relative proportion of salt in a solution. ... By definition, salinity in relation to limnology refers to the total amount of dissolved solids in water in parts per thousand by weight.

Answer:

Salinity is the saltiness or dissolved inorganic salt content of a body of water. Substances that are dissolved in water are usually called solutes.

Explanation:

Which describes a grizzly bear’s habitat? all the biotic factors in the ecosystem all the abiotic factors in the ecosystem the role of the bear in the ecosystem the physical area where the bear lives

Answers

Answer:

it is D

Explanation:

A grizzly bear’s habitat comprises of the physical area where the bear lives

What is a habitat?

A habitat is defined as the dwelling home of living organisms.

There are three major types of habitat; namely:

Terrestrial habitatAquatic habitatArboreal habitat

Terrestrial habitat is the land habitatAquatic habitat is the water habitatArboreal habitat is the tree habitat

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Differentiate between sub-cellular and acellular particles with examples

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Sub-cellular particles are particles smaller than the living cell and are found suspended in the cytosol (of a cell) like the nucleus, golgi complex and the mitochondria.

While acellular particles/organisms are particles that do not have a cell like the virsues, viroids and prions. They are not alive/inactive outside a living environment but become active immediately they are inside a living environment (like a cell).

Sub-cellular particles are structures that are found within a cell. These structures perform specific functions and are essential for the cell to carry out its biological processes.

Examples of sub-cellular particles include organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. These structures are composed of both proteins and lipids and are enclosed by a membrane.

Acellular particles, on the other hand, are particles that do not possess a cellular structure and are not alive. These particles are much smaller than cells and are unable to carry out any metabolic processes.

Examples of acellular particles include viruses, prions, and viroids. These particles are composed of either DNA or RNA and can replicate themselves only within a host cell. They do not have their own metabolism and rely on the host cell for replication and survival.

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The hard outer covering of an animal is a(n) blank

Answers

Answer:

exoskeleton

Explanation: answering spree

Answer:

The hard outer covering of an animal is a(n) exoskeleton.

Explanation:

The definition of exoskeleton is "a rigid external covering for the body in some invertebrate animals, especially arthropods, providing both support and protection."

what the parts of Earth's biosphere

Answers

Answer:

lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere.

Explanation:

Answer:

the hydrosphere

the atmosphere

the lithosphere

Explanation:

The hydrosphere is all waters on the Earth's surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes including water over the Earth's surface, such as clouds.

The atmosphere is the Earth's layer of gases, commonly known as air, that is retained by Earth's gravity.

The lithosphere is the rigid part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

Antibodies:_______. A. play a large role in cell-mediated immunity. B. are produced by both T and B cells. C. are composed of four light and four heavy polypeptide chains. D. are not specific, but act generally. E. have a variable region that binds to a specific antigenic determinant.

Answers

Answer:

E. have a variable region that binds to a specific antigenic determinant.

Antibodies E. have a variable region that binds to a specific antigenic determinant.

What is the region of the antibody that the antigen binds to?

This location of the antibody is known as the Fab (fragment, antigen binding) place. it's far composed of 1 constant and one variable domain from every heavy and light chain of the antibody. The paratope is shaped on the amino terminal cease of the antibody monomer by the variable domains from the heavy and light chains.

What binds to an antigenic determinant?

An antigenic determinant is a website online of an antigen molecule that is termed an epitope and interacts with the unique antigen-binding site within the variable vicinity of an antibody molecule called a paratope.

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Which of the following statements is true?

Photosynthesis is a type of homeostasis.
Unicellular organisms have differentiated cells.
Respiration is a type of metabolism.
Multicellular organisms are made of only one cell.

Answers

Answer:

Respiration is a type of metabolism.

Answer:

C. Respiration is a type of metabolism

Explanation:

Both B and D are incorrect because:

Multicelluar organisms have more than one cell; while singlecelled organisims only have one cell.

Also, homeostasis is a natural way an organisms body reacts to different situations, like when you sweat, your body is realising a way to lower the heat in your body. Therfore, A. is also incorrect.

Hope this helped!

In human body where is liver located

Answers

The liver is your largest internal organ. About the size of a football, it's located mainly in the upper right portion of your abdomen — beneath the diaphragm and above your stomach — but a small portion extends into the upper left quadrant.

Answer:

The liver is located in the upper right-hand portion of the abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm, and on top of the stomach, right kidney, and intestines. Shaped like a cone, the liver is a dark reddish-brown organ that weighs about 3 pounds.

Explanation:

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Based on fossilized evidence, there are scientific claims made about the evolution of certain species. If a scientist studying the fossils of a specific species had a hypothesis other than what was currently accepted, what steps should be taken to have the alternative hypothesis considered

Answers

Answer: For the scientist to have alternative hypothesis considered, it is imperative he takes certain steps, this steps will ascertain the scientific claims already made about the evolution of species.

Therefore,the scientist will simply test the alternative hypotheses inorder to know that they are incorrect.

This testing of hypotheses to ascertain their incorrectness is very useful in the study of fossils.

Mr. B has been transferred to your floor to wait and see whether the chest tube allows his lungs to completely re-expand. But when he arrives, he is in severe respiratory distress. He says "I felt better before I came into the ER! Is this tube doing anything

Answers

The question is incomplete,below is the complete question.

Mr. B has been transferred to your floor to wait and see whether the chest tube allows his lungs to completely re-expand. But when he arrives, he is in severe respiratory distress. He says "I felt better before I came into the ER! Is this tube doing anything?"

You tell the Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS). As the two of you move him into the bed, you notice that his chest tube bottle is lying on its side on the gurney, with air going into it. When you point this out to the CNS, she immediately grabs the bottle and sets it upright on the floor. You see air start bubbling through the fluid right away. "That was the problem!" she says. "They lost the water seal, and air was going into his chest from the bottle. You would not believe how many times that happens on transport." When you examine Mr. B, you have trouble detecting his lung sounds on the left. Even stranger, his apical heart sound is in the wrong place - it is over toward the right side of his chest. His respiration rate and heart rate are both increased, and he is struggling to breathe. "Let's give him a little oxygen. He'll be a lot better in a half-hour," says the CNS. "Check back on him."

QUESTION - Why would accumulation of air in his pleural space cause his heart sounds to be in the wrong place?

Accumulation of air in Mr B pleural space will cause his heart sound to be heard in the wrong place because the left side is his chest is being filled up with air making the organs in his chest to to be pushed over to the right side.

Consider the following chromosomes and if they are affected by hemophilia.

X = unaffected X chromosome, x = X chromosome affected by hemophilia, and Y = Y chromosome.

If an Xx female and XY male have children, what fraction of their offspring will have an affected chromosome, and what fraction is likely to be affected by hemophilia?

(1 point)
A. 1/4 and 1/2
B. 1/2 and 1/4
C. 1/2 and 1/3
D. 1/4 and 1/4

I've been stuck on this question for a while, may someone please assist?

Answers

Answer:

B. 1/2 and 1/4

Explanation:

Hemophilia is a rare disease that has to do with the inability for blood to clot. It is inherited on the X chromosome, hence, it is said to be X-linked. It is usually passed from mother to son. According to this question;

X - unaffected X chromosome

x = X chromosome affected by hemophilia

Y = Y chromosome

Therefore, in a cross between a Xx female (carrier) and a XY male (unaffected), the following chromosomes will be present in the gametes produced by each parent:

Xx- X and x gametes

XY- X and Y gametes

Using these gametes in a punnet square (see attached image), offsprings with genotypes: XX, Xx, XY and xY will be possibly produced.

XX (1) - unaffected female

Xx (1) - unaffected but carrier female

XY (1) - unaffected male

xY (1) - affected male (have hemophilia)

Based on the questions;

- 2 out of the possible 4 children will have the affected chromosomes i.e. both xY son and Xx daughter have the affected (x) chromosome. Hence, the fraction is 1/2

- 1 out of the 4 possible children is affected by hemophilia, which is the xY son. Hence, the fraction is 1/4.

If capeland switches from producing 0 watermelons to producing 18 million tons of watermelons, what does it give up?

Answers

Answer:

Attached to this solution is an image of the complete question and data.

The correct answer is:

6 million pairs of shoes

Explanation:

From the diagram attached to this answer, the following data can be gotten:

Watermelons                   shoes

(Millions of tonnes)          (Millions of pairs)

0                                        15

8                                        14

14                                       12

18                                       9

20                                      5

21                                       0

From the pattern of the data shown above, we notice that as the production of one commodity increases, the other is given up (decreases)

Therefore, to find how much shoes are given up if Capeland switches from 0 watermelons to 18 million tons of watermelon, we will find the difference between the number of shoes produced at 0 and at 18 million tons of watermelon

at 0 watermelon; shoes = 15 million pairs

at 18 million tons of watermelon; shoes = 9 million pairs

Therefore, number of shoes given up = 15 - 9 = 6 million pairs

Hence, 6 million pairs of shoes are given up tp increase production of watermelon from 0 to 18 million tons

what are top consumer​

Answers

Answer:

it is a food chain.

I can't write more it's not allowed

Humans are at the top of the food chain which makes up primary consumers

A country's ecological footprint can be calculated by multiplying its population size by the footprint of each individual. Why are some ecologists concerned about the ecological footprint of a country like India

Answers

Answer:

Ecological footprint estimates the requirements of renewable resources that a population consumes to live a particular lifestyle. Some ecologists are concerned because the result of the ecological footprint shows that the  demand of the population is increasing in comparison to the supply of nature.

For example in India, the ecological footprint shows negative impact of population demand over supply of nature.

Natural selection states that complex organisms evolved through random mutations alone. True or False?

Answers

Answer:

False.

Explanation:

This statement is false because organisms don't evolve - populations do. New gene variants (i.e., alleles) are produced by random mutation, and over the course of many generations, natural selection may favor advantageous variants, causing them to become more common in the population. However, because mutation rates are low relative to population growth in most species, mutation alone doesn't have much of an effect on evolution.

Only ------ percent of the food eaten is turned into its own body. ​

Answers

Answer:

10%

Explanation:

there is a the rule that only 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the other.

this means that only 10% of the food an organism eats  is passed onto the next organism. eg only 10% of the energy in a plant is transferred to a rabbit that eats the plant. After that if  a wolf eats the rabbit only 10% of the energy of food will pass on to the wolf.

2) Micah and Taylor investigate the effect of tap water and spring water on the growth of plants.

They grew two plants of the same type and size in separate containers. Every three days, they

added the same amount of tap water to one plant and the same amount of spring water to the

other. Describe an action that would best improve the reliability of their results?

Answers

Answer:

To improve the reliability of the results, the nutritional component of each category of water must be tested and recorded.

Second, the experiment should be carried out under greenhouse conditions.

The above actions will afford more control. When an experiment is controlled, it means that except for the dependent variable, all other variables are kept constant by the scientist.

By performing the experiment under greenhouse conditions, the kind of water the plants receive, temperature and other biotic actors are kept within measurable limits thus increasing the reliability of the results.

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The scientist has chosen to study the motion of clouds in the atmosphere during a thunderstorm which type of model is most appropriate for her investigation

Answers

Answer: COMPUTER SIMULATION

Explanation: Computer simulation is a model that helps to scientists to have a clear and better understanding and be able to effectively predict the occurrence of future outcomes of real physical situations.

Computer simulation makes use of mathematical models to effectively analyse and predict future occurrences which helps the world to be better prepared and able to effectively manage physical and real world situations.

You find a new organism and are trying to determine what how it eats. You found it in a mud flat at the ocean and it has no teeth, but a very long alimentary canal. You see living examples moving through the mud very slowly. Based on all of this, you conclude that this animals is

Answers

Answer:

A Detritivore

Explanation:

A Detritivore is a heterotrophic organism that feeds on dead plant and animal materials. They could also feed through coprophagy which is nutrition obtained by feeding on feces. Worms that dwell on the soil, insects, and mollusks are examples of detritivores. Detritivores can also be found residing in aquatic environments. Crabs and Lobsters are examples of these organisms.

Detritivores have no teeth. So, they tend to suck in their food, and this food, through peristaltic actions, moves directly into the digestive tract where it is acted upon by digestive enzymes. From the observations, I made about the organism at the mudflat at the ocean, I can conclude that it is a detritivore.

why is it necessary yo separate oxgynated and deoxgynated blood in livng oranisum

Answers

Explanation:

it is necessary in mammals and birds to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood because this makes their circulatory system more efficient and helps in maintaining a constant body temperature

Eye color is an example of 1. Transcriptional control 2. gene expression 3. translational control 4. gene regulation

Answers

Answer:

Eye color is an example of Gene expression

choose one plant or animal and what are the 3 adaptions this organisms has

Answers

The three basic types of adaptations, based on how the genetic changes are expressed, are structural, physiological and behavioral adaptations. Most organisms have combinations of all these types.
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For a particular reaction at 235.8 C, G=936.92 kJ/mol , and S=513.79 J/(molK) . Calculate G for this reaction at 9.9 C. What groups success among mainstream audiences led to the creation of the white rap group The Beastie Boys? n urn contains 3 red balls, 9 green, 2 yellow, 2 orange, and 4 purple balls. Two balls aredrawn, one at a time with replacement. Find the probability of drawing a green ball and an orangeball. The Acme Company lost 650 hours due to accidents on the job in the first quarter of the year. The average hourly wage of the employees who contributed to the lost hours was $15.00. The company benefits add 25% to the wages. Using the cost-of-lost-hours formula (employee hours lost X average loaded labour rate = cost), calculate the direct cost of the lost work hours. Discuss the approach you would use to estimate the hidden costs that would also be associated with the lost hours.Your answer must be at least 200 words in length. Will use a variety of methods to check your work for authenticity and make sure its your own Summary of Possible Weather and Associated Aviation Impacts for Geographic/Topographic Categories Common in the Western United States. Geographic/Topographic Descriptive Summary of Potential Aviation ImpactsCategory of a Possible Weather That Could Impact Based on Weatherof Airport Location Aviation OperationsAlong the US West coast, with steep mountains to the east(An example of this category is Santa Barbara Airport, located on the Southern California Coast, at an elevation of 10 feet).Within a valley in elevated terrain surrounded by high mountains (An example of this category is Friedman Memorial Airport, located in Central Idaho, at an elevation of 5300 feet).In elevated terrain on the leeside of high mountains (An example of this category is Northern Colorado Regional Airport, located in northern Colorado, at an elevation of 5000 feet, on the leeside of the Rocky mountains). 100 cm^3 of oxygen diffuses through a Porous in 3second how long will it take 150 cm^3 of sulphur (iv) oxide diffuse through the same pot? ( oxygen= 16 sulphur = 32) Tina's age is 4 years less than 3 times her niece's age. If her niece's age is x years, which of the following expressions best shows Tina's age? x 4 4x 3 3x 4 4 3x Lisa rides the train to work and always gets off at Stop A. One Saturday she has to go into town, and she rides the same train she takes to work. She is supposed to get off at Stop F, but she starts talking to her mother on the phone and then gets off at Stop A. What does this tell us about unconscious processing? 1. What does it mean to be an American? show that the point p(-6,2), Q(1,7) and R(6,3) are the vertices of scalene triangle Astrid is in charge of building a new fleet of ships. Each ship requires 404040 tons of wood, and accommodates 300300300 sailors. She receives a delivery of 444 tons of wood each day. The deliveries can continue for 100100100 days at most, afterwards the weather is too bad to allow them. Overall, she wants to build enough ships to accommodate at least 210021002100 sailors. In "The Grapes of Wrath", Mae wants the man to buy a sandwich and not treat the diner as a grocery store. What is the second part of the five-and-five approach called? Henry maneuver Heimlich maneuver abdominal maneuver back maneuver Which item below is an incorrect statement about the difference between the discount rate and the federal funds rate? a) The federal funds rate has a higher interest rate than the discount rate to encourage borrowing b) The discount rate is the interest rate at which the Fed charges the bank for loans c) The federal funds rate is the interest rate at which banks charge each other for loans d) The discount rate is directly changed by the Fed while the federal funds rate is changed indirectly. A company makes nylon and canvas backpacks. The profit on a nylon backpack is $3 and the profit on a canvas backpack is $10. How many backpacks must the company sell to make a profit of more than $250? Write a linear inequality that describes the situation. HELP ME I NEED IT [100 POINTS ]Match each Southeast Asian nation to its description. Sri Lanka The Philippines Myanmar ruled by a military government called a junta arrowRight elected Corazon Aquino as its president in 1986 after the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos arrowRight experienced a civil war between the Sinhalese and the Tamil after independence famous comparative and superlative form PLEASE ANSWER QUICKLY ASAP COMPLETE QUESTION B how to write this in number form The difference of 9 and the square of a number