What is a market that runs most efficiently when one large firm supplies all of the output referred to as?
a government monopoly
a natural monopoly
a franchise
market power
(Gradpoint)
Answer:
a natural monopoly
Explanation:
A monopoly is a market structure which is typically characterized by a single-seller (one seller) who sells a unique product in the market by dominance. This ultimately implies that, it is a market structure wherein the seller has no competitor because he is solely responsible for the sale of unique products without close substitutes.
A monopolist refers to any individual that deals with the sales of unique products in a monopolistic market.
On a related note, a natural monopoly is a market that runs most efficiently when all of the output is supplied by one large business firm. Thus, a business firm is considered to be a natural monopoly if it's capable of producing the total output of the market at a lower cost than two or more business firms could.
Some examples of natural monopoly are the United States Postal Service, electricity grid, water supply, gas network, sewer services, energy distributors, railway service, etc.
How does the devaluation and appreciation of the local currency effect to balance of payment, analyze for each component
Answer: Balance of payment will worsen due to devaluation.
Explanation: The balance of payments refers to the balance of supply and demand for a country's currency in the foreign exchange market. Devaluation will make local currency weaker and foreign currency stronger. Therefore less demand for local currency in the foreign market. The imports will become expensive, more amount of local currency will be paid as it is weaker. The exports will become cheaper, more amount of local currency will be received as foreign currency is stronger than it.
Vise Versa for appreciation.
Omega Enterprises budgeted the following sales in units: January 40,000 February 30,000 March 50,000 Omega's policy is to have 30% of the following month's sales in inventory. On January 1, inventory equaled 8,000 units. February production in units is: a.36,000. b.40,000. c.20,000. d.28,000. e.26,500.
Answer:
a. 36,000
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what February production in units is:
Sales for the month 30,000
Add Ending inventory 15,000
(50,000*0.3)
Less Beginning inventory (9,000)
(30,000*0.3)
February production in units 36,000 units
Therefore February production in units is: 36,000 units
advantages of profit maximization
Answer:
Improved ratios will enhance investor's confidence and therefore share price.
Access to a wider range of finance because of a better image to creditors.
Long-term profits will improve liquidity and cash flows, which can be used for future investments, dividends, loan payments or retained.
Cost-volume-profit analysis includes all of the following assumptions except:_________.
a. all units produced are sold.
b. changes in activity are the only factors that affect costs.
c. the behavior of costs is curvilinear throughout the relevant range.
d. costs can be classified accurately as either variable or fixed.
Answer:
a. all units produced are sold.
Explanation:
Cost-volume-profit analysis is also known as breakeven analysis. It is an analysis that review the point or number of units a company must sell for the revenue or sales to equate the total cost. In other words, the point the company neither makes a profit nor a loss.. The assumptions of this analysis are;
(i) The total costs are recognized as fixed and variable. Where as in reality, some costs may be semi-variable cost.
(ii) It assumes a linear relationship between costs and sales.
(iii) The selling price per unit of the product is constant.
When preparing a production budget, the required production equals:________
a. budgeted sales beginning inventory desired ending inventory.
b. budgeted sales - beginning inventory desired ending inventory.
c. budgeted sales - beginning inventory - desired ending inventory.
d. budgeted sales beginning inventory - desired ending inventory.
Answer: B. budgeted sales - beginning inventory + desired ending inventory.
Explanation:
The production budget is also referred to as the manufacturing budget and it is the budget that is used in determining the quantity of the product of the firm which needs to be produced during a particular budgetary period.
The production budget lists the number of units that a firm will manufacture during a period. When preparing a production budget, the required production will be gotten as the budgeted sales - beginning inventory + desired ending inventory.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
Question 8
Critics of advertising argue that in some markets advertising may
A attract products of lower quality into the market.
B attract less informed buyers into the market.
C decrease elasticity of demand allowing firms to charge a larger markup over marginal cost.
D enhance competition in markets to an unnecessary degree.
Question 9
Answer:
C decrease elasticity of demand allowing firms to charge a larger markup over marginal cost.
Explanation:
Precision Construction entered into the following transactions during a recent year.
January 2 Purchased a bulldozer for $250,000 by paying $20,000 cash and signing a $230,000 note due in five years.
January 3 Replaced the steel tracks on the bulldozer at a cost of $20,000, purchased on account. The new steel tracks increase the bulldozer's operating efficiency.
January 30 Wrote a check for the amount owed on account for the work completed on
February 1 Replaced the seat on the bulldozer and wrote a check for the full $800 cost.
March 1 Paid $3,600 cash for the licensing rights to use computer software for a two-year period.
Required:
Prepare the journal entries for each of the above transactions.
Answer:
Jan-02
Dr Bulldozer $ 250,000
Cr Cash $ 20,000
Cr Note Payable $ 230,000
Jan-03
Dr Bulldozer $ 20,000
Cr Accounts Payable $ 20,000
Jan-30
Dr Accounts Payable $ 20,000
Cr Cash $ 20,000
Feb-01
Dr Repair and Maintenance Expense $ 800
Cr Cash $ 800
Mar-01
Dr Computer Software $ 3,600
Cr Cash $ 3,600
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entries for each of the above transactions.
Jan-02
Dr Bulldozer $ 250,000
Cr Cash $ 20,000
Cr Note Payable $ 230,000
(Purchased bulldozer)
Jan-03
Dr Bulldozer $ 20,000
Cr Accounts Payable $ 20,000
(Replaced tracks on bulldozer)
Jan-30
Dr Accounts Payable $ 20,000
Cr Cash $ 20,000
(Paid cash)
Feb-01
Dr Repair and Maintenance Expense $ 800
Cr Cash $ 800
(Repaired seat of bulldozer)
Mar-01
Dr Computer Software $ 3,600
Cr Cash $ 3,600
(Purchase computer software)
Heath loves candy bars and gummy bears. After using his entire $30 budget at the local supermarket he finds that the marginal utility from the last candy bar he consumed was 30 and the last bag of gummy bears was 60. Assuming he has maximized his utility, what could be true about the prices of gummy bears and candy bars?
Answer:
Bag of gummy bears must cost twice as that of candy bar.
Explanation:
The cost of candy bar should be less than gummy bear because marginal utility of candy bar is lower than gummy bear. The candy bar will be consumed more therefore its price should be lower. When the price of good will be lower, it will be consumed more.
How does the price range affect the elasticity of demand for a product?
Demand for all goods is elastic if the price is low enough.
Price range has little or no effect on elasticity of demand for a good.
Demand for a good can be inelastic at a low price, but elastic at a high price.
Demand for a good can be elastic at a low price but inelastic at a high price.
Answer:
How does the price range affect the elasticity of demand for a product?
Demand for all goods is elastic if the price is low enough.
Price range has little or no effect on elasticity of demand for a good.
Demand for a good can be inelastic at a low price, but elastic at a high price.
Demand for a good can be elastic at a low price but inelastic at a high price.
Explanation:
How does the price range affect the elasticity of demand for a product?
Demand for all goods is elastic if the price is low enough.
Price range has little or no effect on elasticity of demand for a good.
Demand for a good can be inelastic at a low price, but elastic at a high price.
Demand for a good can be elastic at a low price but inelastic at a high price.
Answer:
the answer is demand for a good can be inelastic at a low price, but elastic at a high price.
Explanation:
A _____________ strategy entails an organization developing a product and/or service that offers unique attributes that are valued by customers and that the customer perceives to be distinct from competitor offerings.
Answer: differentiation strategy
Explanation:
The differentiation strategy refers to the marketing strategy that is designed in order to distinguish the product and services of a company from other companies.
Product differentiation helps in the development of a strong value proposition which ensures that the product is attractive to the audience. The differentiation strategy ensures that the product is unique from others and this creates a competitive advantage.
International Data Systems' information on revenue and costs is relevant only up to a sales volume of 121,000 units. After 121,000 units, the market becomes saturated and the price per unit falls from $10.00 to $6.80. Also, there are cost overruns at a production volume of over 121,000 units, and variable cost per unit goes up from $5.00 to $5.25. Fixed costs remain the same at $71,000.
Required:
a. Compute operating income at 121,000 units.
b. Compute operating income at 221,000 units.
Answer:
a. $534,000
b. $271,550
Explanation:
a. Compute operating income at 121,000 units
Using this formula
Operating Income = (Price per unit - Variable cost per unit)*Units - Fixed costs
Let plug in the formula
Operating Income = ($10.00 - $5.00)*121,000 - $71,000
Operating Income = ($5.00)*121,000 - $71,000
Operating Income =$605,000-$71,000
Operating Income = $534,000
Therefore operating income at 121,000 units is $534,000
b. Compute operating income at 221,000 units
Using this formula
Operating Income = (Price per unit - Variable cost per unit)*Units - Fixed costs
Let plug in the formula
Operating Income = ($6.80 - $5.25)*221,000 - $71,000
Operating Income = $1.55*221,000-$71,000
Operating Income = $342,550-$71,000
Operating Income = $271,550
Therefore operating income at 121,000 units at 221,000 units is $271,550
Machinery was purchased for $340,000. Freight charges amounted to $14,000 and there was a cost of $40,000 for building a foundation and installing the machinery. It is estimated that the machinery will have a $60,000 salvage value at the end of its 5-year useful life. Annual depreciation expense using the straight-line method will be a. $78,800. b. $57,200. c. $66,800. d. $56,000.
Answer:
$66,800
Explanation:
Depreciation is used in expensing the cost of an asset
Depreciation reduces the value of an asset
Straight line depreciation expense = (Cost of asset - Salvage value) / useful life
Cost = $340,000. + $14,000 + $40,000 = $394,000
($394,000 - $60,000) / 5 = $66,800
*Gains and losses taxable when investments are sold. The total deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability amounts at January 1, 2021, were $166.25 million and $25 million, respectively. The enacted tax rate is 25% each year. Required: 1. Determine the total deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability amounts at December 31, 2021. 2. Determine the increase (decrease) in the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability accounts at December 31, 2021. 3. Determine the income tax payable currently for the year ended December 31, 2021. 4. Prepare the journal entry to record income taxes for 2021.
Answer:
1. $160.75 million
$42 million
2. Decrease ($5.5 Million)
Increase $17 million
3. $35 million
4. Dr Tax expense $57.5 million
Cr Deferred tax asset $5.5 million
Cr Deferred tax liability $17 million
Cr Taxes payable $35 million
Explanation:
1. Calculation to determine the total deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability amounts at December 31, 2021.
Allowance for bad debt $1 million
($28 million-$32 million)* 25%
Add Subscription liability $6.25 million
($25million*25%)
Add Post retirement benefits obligation $153.5 million
($614 million*25%)
TOTAL DEFERRED TAX ASSET $160.75 million
Prepaid insurance $10 million
($40 million *25%)
Add Prepaid advertising $6 million
($24million * 25%)
Investments unrealized gain $6 million
$24million * 25%)
Add Buildings $20 million
[($380 million-$300 million) * 25%]
TOTAL DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY $42 million
Therefore the total deferred tax asset is $160.75 million and deferred tax liability amounts at December 31, 2021 is $42 million.
2. Calculation to determine the increase (decrease) in the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability accounts at December 31, 2021
DEFERRED TAX ASSET
Ending balance $160.75 million
Less Beginning balance $166.25 million
Decrease ($5.5 Million)
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY
Ending balance $42 million
Less Beginning balance $25 million
Increase $17 million
Therefore the increase (decrease) in the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability accounts at December 31, 2021 is :
Deferred tax asset: Decrease ($5.5 Million)
Deferred tax liability:Increase $17 million
3. Calculation to determine the income tax payable currently for the year ended December 31, 2021
Income tax payable = $140 million *25%
Income tax payable=$35 million
Therefore the income tax payable currently for the year ended December 31, 2021 is $35 million
4. Preparation of the journal entry to record income taxes for 2021.
Journal entry
Dr Tax expense $57.5 million
($5.5 million+$17 million +$35 million)
Cr Deferred tax asset $5.5 million
Cr Deferred tax liability $17 million
Cr Taxes payable $35 million
(To record tax expense)
Allocative efficiency occurs:
a. Anywhere inside or on the production possibilities frontier.
b. When the total cost of production is minimized
c. At all points on the production possibilities frontier.
d. At only one point on the production possibilities frontier.
e. At the points where the production possibilities frontier crosses the horizontal or vertical axis.
Answer:
a. Anywhere inside or on the production possibilities frontier.
Explanation:
In an economy, the allocative efficiency may be defined as the economic state where the production of various goods or services is aligned with the preferences with the consumers.
The allocative efficiency always materializes at the intersection of the supply curves and the demand curves.
On the [tex]\text{equilibrium point,}[/tex] the price for a supply [tex]\text{exactly matches}[/tex] with the demand for the product [tex]\text{for that supply}[/tex] at that price, and thus all the products are sold.
It occurs anywhere on the production possibilities frontier or on the inside of the frontier.
Therefore, the correct option is (a).
Flapjack Corporation had 7,736 actual direct labor hours at an actual rate of $12.10 per hour. Original production had been budgeted for 1,100 units, but only 961 units were actually produced. Labor standards were 7.8 hours per completed unit at a standard rate of $13.21 per hour. The direct labor rate variance is:______.
Answer: $8,586.96 Favorable
Explanation:
Direct Labor Rate Variance = Actual Cost - Standard Cost of Actual Hours
Actual cost = Actual direct labor hours * Actual rate
= 7,736 * 12.10
= $93,605.60
Standard cost of actual hours = Actual hours * Standard cost
= 7,736 * 13.21
= $102,192.56
Direct labor rate variance:
= 93,605.60 - 102,192.56
= $8,586.96 Favorable
Favorable because actual cost was less than the budgeted standard cost.
Measuring and reporting quality costs does not solve quality problems. Decreases in quality costs generally occur as soon as improvement programs are implemented. Quality cost information helps managers identify the relative importance of quality problems. The impact of customer ill will is generally not found on quality control reports.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
True statements:
Measuring and reporting quality costs does not solve quality problems.
Quality cost information helps managers identify the relative importance of quality problems.
The impact of customer ill will is generally not found on quality control reports.
Explanation:
When the quality cost is determined and reported so the same should not solve the problem of the quality also the information related to the quality cost helps the managers to identify the significance of the quality issue
The effect of the customer could not found on the reports made for quality control
But if there is a decrease in the quality cost so the improvement programs could not be implemented soon
Jefferson uses the percent of sales method of estimating uncollectible receivables. Based on past history, 2% of credit sales are expected to be uncollectible. Sales for the current year are $5,550,000. Which of the following is correct?
a. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts will be credited.
b. Cash will be debited.
c. Accounts Receivable will be debited.
d. Bad Debt Expense will be credited.
Answer:
a. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts will be credited.
Explanation:
Since 2% of credit sales are expected to be UNCOLLECTIBLE in which the Sales amount for the current year are $5,550,000 which therefore means that $111,000 calculated as (.02 x $5,550,000) will be Allowance for Doubtful Accounts amount that will be credited.
Therefore ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS can be defined as the amount that tend to reduce Accout Receivable amount shown on a company or organization balance sheet.
khái niệm giao tiếp trong tổ chức
Answer:
bu kin jhu
Explanation:
John jvghh bugs HHH jhu UV juggle
The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) has authority to establish which of the following relating to public companies?
Attestation Standards Independence Standards
A. Yes Yes
B. Yes No
C. No Yes
D. No No
a. Option A
b. Option B
c. Option C
d. Option D
Answer: a. Option A
Explanation:
The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) was formed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in the aftermath of the disastrous accounting policies of companies like WorldCom and Enron in the early 2000s to protect investors from such happening again.
The PCAOB monitors companies to ensure that they are complying by the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and do so by coming up with both attestation and independence standards that these companies are to adhere to.
Entries for Notes Payable A business issued a 60-day, 10% note for $96,000 to a creditor on account. Journalize the entries to record (a) the issuance of the note and (b) the payment of the note at maturity, including interest. Assume a 360-day year. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. If required, round yours answers to whole dollar.
Answer:
Business A
Journal Entries:
Debit Accounts Payable $96,000
Credit 10% Notes Payable $96,000
To record the issuance of a 60-day, 10% note to a creditor on account.
Debit 10% Notes Payable $96,000
Debit Interest Expense $1,600
Credit Cash $97,600
To record the payment of the note at maturing, including interest.
Explanation:
a) Data and Analysis:
Accounts Payable $96,000
10% Notes Payable $96,000
10% Notes Payable $96,000
Interest Expense $1,600
Cash $97,600
Cameron is single and has taxable income of $58,046.
Required:
Determine his tax liability using the Tax Tables and using the Tax Rate Schedules.
Answer:
Cameron
Cameron's tax liability for the year as a single taxpayer is
= $12,770.12.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Taxable income = $58,046
Tax rate = 22%
Tax liability = $12,770.12 ($58,046 * 22%)
b) The amount of tax that Cameron, who is within the 22% tax rate bracket, will pay to the IRS is $12,770.12. The tax liability represents the amount of tax that is due to be paid for his taxable income of $58,046 at the tax rate of 22%.
Which of the following statements accurately describe the effect of the increase in government borrowing?
a. National saving decreases by less than $20 billion.
b. Investment increases by less than $20 billion.
c. Public saving decreases by exactly $20 billion.
d. Private saving increases by less than $20 billion.
Answer:
d. Private saving increases by less than $20 billion.
Explanation:
Because the interest rate has increased, investment and national saving decline and private saving increases. The increase in government borrowing reduces public saving. From the figure you can see that total loanable funds (and thus both investment and national saving) decline by less than $20 billion, while public saving declines by $20 billion and private saving rises by less than $20 billion.
quizlet
You are considering buying bonds in ACBB, Inc. The bonds have a par value of $1,000 and mature in 35 years. The annual coupon rate is 20.0% and the coupon payments are annual. If you believe that the appropriate discount rate for the bonds is 17.0%, what is the value of the bonds to you
Answer:
Bond Price= $121.27
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Face value= $1,000
Coupon= 0.2*1,000= $20
Maturity= 35 years
Discount rate= 17%
To calculate the price of the bond, we need to use the following formula:
Bond Price= cupon*{[1 - (1+i)^-n] / i} + [face value/(1+i)^n]
Bond Price= 20*{[1 - (1.17^-35)] / 0.17} + [1,000/(1.17^35)]
Bond Price= 117.16 + 4.11
Bond Price= $121.27
A manager spent 5 hours of his day in meetings. If he said that he spent 70% of his day, how many total hours did he work?
Answer:
The total hours the manager worked
= 7.14 hours
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Time spent by a manager in meetings per day = 5 hours
Percentage of time spent in meetings = 70%
Total hours the manager worked per day = 5/70% = 7.14 hours
b) The total hours that the manager worked per day = 7.14 hours or 7 hours 9 minutes (approximately). This is obtained by dividing the hours spent in meetings by the equivalent proportion that meetings consumed per day.
The Management of XYZ Company Limited uses value chain analysis, supply chain management, inventory b)Identify and explain the type of school of management approach being used in the company.(5marks) management, quality control, queuing theory, linear programming and network models approaches in management of the company. The company relies on scientific applications of mathematical techniques to c)Discuss in four (5) ways, how contingency School of Management is different from the type of school manage problems. a)Briefly explain the typesof management theoriesapplicable in XYZ company Limited. (5marks) of management identified in (ii) above.
a) The school of management that the Management of XYZ Company Limited is applying is called Mathematical or Quantitative School of Management.
The Mathematical or Quantitative School of Management:
Expresses management problems in equations, mathematical symbols, and quantitative models Encourages wide application of computer technology, simulations, and analytics Introduces precision to management thinking and practice
b) The Contingency School, unlike the Mathematical School of Management:
Recognizes that not all management processes can be expressed with mathematical symbols and formulas.Identifies that mathematical models cannot replace sound judgment, which requires intuition and not equation.States that there is no single technique to solving management problems. Encourages managers to use any feasible management technique to solve problems, thereby thinking outside the box. Emphasizes that the applications of management principles and practices (process, behavioral, quantitative, and systems) should be contingent upon the prevailing circumstances.
Thus, with Contingency School, the tools of management thinking and practice should be applied based on prevailing situations and not mathematically with equations, models, and symbols.
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The total factory overhead for Norton Company is budgeted for the year at $300,000, divided into three activities: assembly, $200,000; setup, $50,000; and materials handling, $150,000. Norton manufactures two products: Product A and Product B. The activity-based usage quantities for each product by each activity are estimated as follows:
Assembly Setup Materials Handling
Product A 5,000 dlh 60,setups 25 moves
Product B 15,000 dlh 110 setups 250 moves
Total activity- 20,000 dlh 170setups 275 moves
base usage
Determine the activity rate for the set up activity.
a. $166 per setup
b. $294 per setup
c. $1,764 per setup
d. $118 per setup
Answer:
b. $294 per setup
Explanation:
The computation of the activity rate for the setup activity is given below:
Activity Rate is
= Total Activity Cost ÷ Cost Driver
Activity Rate for Setup Activity is
= $50,000 ÷ 170
= $294 per Setup
hence, the activity rate for the setup activity is $294
Therefore the option b is correct
Historical demand for a product is: DEMAND January 13 February 12 March 16 April 13 May 17 June 16 a. Using a weighted moving average with weights of 0.50 (June), 0.30 (May), and 0.20 (April), find the July forecast
Answer: 15.7 units
Explanation:
July forecast = (Weight of June * Demand in June) + (Weight of May * Demand in May) + (Weight of April * Demand in April)
= (0.5 * 16) + (0.3 * 17) + (0.2 * 13)
= 8 + 5.1 + 2.6
= 15.7 units
Malouka participates in a research project for a large consumer behavior research firm. Each time she purchases items in a grocery store, she scans the barcodes of her products into an app, which sends her purchase data to the firm for analysis. Malouka is working with an example of automation known as __________.
Malouka is working with an automation example that we called the importing/exporting data.
The following information should be considered for the given situation:
Since she scans the barcodes of that product she purchased even all products are associated with the barcodes via using the mobile app.Also, she offered the research firm having more information like time, location, quantity, gender,etc.Therefore we can conclude that Malouka is working with an automation example that we called the importing/exporting data.
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Last year, 7,980 units were produced and 7,680 units were sold. There was no beginning inventory. The carrying value on the balance sheet of the ending inventory of finished goods under variable costing would be: Multiple Choice the same as absorption costing.
Complete Question:
The Southern Corporation manufactures a single product and has the following cost structure: Variable costs per unit: Production $ 35 Selling and administrative $ 14 Fixed costs per year: Production $ 175,560 Selling and administrative $ 140,450 Last year, 7,980 units were produced and 7,680 units were sold. There was no beginning inventory. The carrying value on the balance sheet of the ending inventory of finished goods under variable costing would be:
Multiple Choice
$6,600 less than under absorption costing.
$7,680 less than under absorption costing.
the same as absorption costing.
$7,680 greater than under absorption costing.
Answer:
The Southern Corporation
The carrying value on the balance sheet of the ending inventory of finished goods under variable costing would be:
$6,600 less than under absorption costing.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Variable costs per unit:
Production $ 35
Selling and administrative $ 14
Fixed costs per year:
Production $ 175,560
Selling and administrative $ 140,450
Production units last year = 7,980 units
Sales units last year = 7,680 units
Ending inventory = 300 (7,980 - 7,680) units
Value of Ending inventory:
1. Variable Costing:
Production $ 35 * 300 = $10,500
2. Absorption Costing:
Variable Production $ 35 * 7,980 = $279,300
Fixed Production overhead $ 175,560
Total production costs = $454,860
Units produced = 7,980
Unit cost = $57
Ending inventory = $17,100 ($57 * 300)
Difference = $6,600 ($17,100 - $10,500)
