Suppose you have a material in it's liquid phase. As you give energy to that liquid, the temperature of the liquid will increase gradually, and the relation between the increase of temperature and the given energy is the specific heat.
Now, there is a point, a critical point, where the temperature stops to increase, which means that we are near a change of phase. So from this point on, the energy is not used to increase the kinetic energy of the particles (which would increase the temperature), the energy is used to break the bonds and allow a change of phase, for example, from liquid to gas.
So, we know that if you have a mol of water at 100°C, then you need to add 40.7 kJ of energy to change the phase of the water from liquid to gas phase.
This means that if you have a mol of water and you give that exact energy, the temperature will not change, instead, you now will have a mol of water at the temperature of 100°C.
Similarly with the case at 25°C (which happens for a particular pressure only)
So the heat of vaporization can not really be related to increases in temperature as you thought.
For changes in temperature, you need to use the specific heat.
We know that for water it is:
c = 4.184 J/g*°C = 76.15 J/mol*°C
So, if you want to increase the temperature from 25° to 100°
This means an increase of 75°C of one mol of water.
We just need to multiply the above number by:
1mol*(75°C)
Energy needed = (76.15 J/mol*°C)*1mol*(75°C) = 5,711.25 J
If you want to learn more, you can read:
https://brainly.com/question/11297584
1. Draw the condensed structural formula of sodium benzoate showing all charges, atoms including any lone pairs in the side chain functional group, and all sigma and pi bonds.
2. Draw the condensed structural formula of benzoic acid showing all atoms including any lone pairs in the side chain functional group, and all sigma and pi bonds. Indicate the acidic hydrogen.
3. Draw the condensed structural formula of tetrahydrofuran (THF) showing all heteroatoms plus their lone pairs and all sigma and pi bonds.
The structures are shown in the image attached.
A structural formula is the representation of the molecule in which all atoms and bonds in the molecule are shown.
Since the question requires that all the lone pairs, formal charges and sigma and pi bonds should be shown, then the simple condensed structural formula becomes insufficient in this case.
I have attached images of the structural formula of sodium benzoate (image 1), benzoic acid (image 2) and tetrahydrofuran (image 3).
All the formal charges, lone pairs as well as sigma and pi bonds are fully shown.
https://brainly.com/question/9988658
How do I do this? What are the answers to the 5 questions shown?
Answer:
1. C₃H₆O₃
2. C₆H₁₂
3. C₆H₂₄O₆
4. C₆H₆
5. N₂O₄
Explanation:
1. Determination of the molecular formula.
Empirical formula => CH₂O
Mass of compound = 90 g
Molecular formula =?
Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula = mass of compound
[CH₂O]ₙ = 90
[12 + (2×1) + 16]n = 90
[12 + 2 + 16]n = 90
30n = 90
Divide both side by 30
n = 90/30
n = 3
Molecular formula = [CH₂O]ₙ
Molecular formula = [CH₂O]₃
Molecular formula = C₃H₆O₃
2. Determination of the molecular formula.
Empirical formula => CH₂
Mass of compound = 84 g
Molecular formula =?
Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula = mass of compound
[CH₂]ₙ = 84
[12 + (2×1)]n = 84
[12 + 2]n = 84
14n = 84
Divide both side by 14
n = 84/14
n = 6
Molecular formula = [CH₂]ₙ
Molecular formula = [CH₂]₆
Molecular formula = C₆H₁₂
3. Determination of the molecular formula.
Empirical formula => CH₄O
Mass of compound = 192 g
Molecular formula =?
Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula = mass of compound
[CH₄O]ₙ = 192
[12 + (4×1) + 16]n = 192
[12 + 4 + 16]n = 192
32n = 192
Divide both side by 32
n = 192/32
n = 6
Molecular formula = [CH₄O]ₙ
Molecular formula = [CH₄O]₆
Molecular formula = C₆H₂₄O₆
4. Determination of the molecular formula.
Empirical formula => CH
Mass of compound = 78 g
Molecular formula =?
Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula = mass of compound
[CH]ₙ = 78
[12 + 1]n = 78
13n = 78
Divide both side by 13
n = 78/13
n = 6
Molecular formula = [CH]ₙ
Molecular formula = [CH]₆
Molecular formula = C₆H₆
5. Determination of the molecular formula.
Empirical formula => NO₂
Mass of compound = 92 g
Molecular formula =?
Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula = mass of compound
[NO₂]ₙ = 92
[14 + (2×16)]n = 92
[14 + 32]n = 92
46n = 92
Divide both side by 46
n = 92/46
n = 2
Molecular formula = [NO₂]ₙ
Molecular formula = [NO₂]₂
Molecular formula = N₂O₄
A gas at 273K temperature has a pressure of 590 MM Hg. What will be the pressure if you change the temperature to 273K? 
Explanation:
here's the answer to your question
How many grams of magnesium chloride can be produced from 2.30 moles of chlorine gas reacting w excess magnesium Mg(s)+Cl2(g)->MgCl2(s)
The mass of magnesium chloride produced from 2.30 moles of chlorine gas is 218.99 grams.
How to calculate moles in stoichiometry?Stoichiometry refers to the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions.
According to this question, magnesium reacts with chlorine gas to form magnesium chloride as follows:
Mg + Cl₂ → MgCl₂
Based on the above chemical equation, 1 mole of chlorine gas forms 1 mole of magnesium chloride.
This means that 2.30 moles of chlorine gas will 2.30 moles of magnesium chloride.
Next, we convert moles of magnesium chloride to mass as follows:
molar mass of magnesium chloride = 95.211g/mol
mass of magnesium chloride = 95.211 × 2.30 = 218.99 grams.
Therefore, 218.99 grams of magnesium chloride will be formed.
Learn more about stoichiometry at: https://brainly.com/question/9743981
#SPJ1
If the starting material has no stereogenic centers, when carbonyl compounds are reduced with a reagent such as LiAlH4 or NaBH4 and a new stereogenic center is formed, what will the composition of the product mixture be?
A) Forms a racemic mixture of the two possible enantiomers.
B) Forms more of one enantiomer than another because of steric reasons around the carbonyl.
C) Forms more of one enantiomer than another depending on the temperature of the reaction.
D) Forms different products depending on the solvent used.
Answer:
A) Forms a racemic mixture of the two possible enantiomers
When carbonyl compounds are reduced with a reagent such as LiAlH₄ or NaBH₄ and new stereogenic center is formed chemical change will lead to products that form a racemic mixture of the two possible enantiomers.
What is a chemical change?
Chemical changes are defined as changes which occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance breaks down or decomposes to give new substances it is also considered to be a chemical change.
There are several characteristics of chemical changes like change in color, change in state , change in odor and change in composition . During chemical change there is also formation of precipitate an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.
There are three types of chemical changes:
1) inorganic changes
2)organic changes
3) biochemical changes
During chemical changes atoms are rearranged and changes are accompanied by an energy change as new substances are formed.
Learn more about chemical change,here:
https://brainly.com/question/2591189
#SPJ6
what is the difference between 25ml and 25.00ml
Answer:
There is no difference between the two.
Explanation:
They both show the same volume. But, adding decimal places shows the least count of the instrument used and is more acceptable when recording values in scientific experiments
What is the molality of a glucose solution prepared by dissolving 16.7 g of glucose, C6H12O6, in 133.6 g of water
Answer:
0.696 m
Explanation:
We'll begin by calculating the number of mole in 16.7 g of C₆H₁₂O₆. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass of C₆H₁₂O₆ = 16.7 g
Molar mass of C₆H₁₂O₆ = (6×12) + (12×1) + (6×16)
= 72 + 12 + 96
= 180 g/mol
Mole of C₆H₁₂O₆ =?
Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of C₆H₁₂O₆ = 16.7 / 180
Mole of C₆H₁₂O₆ = 0.093 mole
Next, we shall convert 133.6 g of water to Kg. This can be obtained as follow:
1000 g = 1 Kg
Therefore,
133.6 g = 133.6 g × 1 Kg / 1000 g
133.6 g = 0.1336 Kg
Thus, 133.6 g is equivalent to 0.1336 Kg.
Finally, we shall determine the molality of the solution. This can be obtained as illustrated below:
Mole of C₆H₁₂O₆ = 0.093 mole
Mass of water = 0.1336 Kg
Molality =?
Molality = mole / mass of water (in Kg)
Molality = 0.093 / 0.1336
Molality = 0.696 m
Therefore, the molality of the solution is 0.696 m
Calculate the percent error in the atomic weight if the mass of a Cu electrode increased by 0.4391 g and 6.238x10-3 moles of Cu was produced. Select the response with the correct Significant figures. You may assume the molar mass of elemental copper is 63.546 g/mol. Refer to Appendix D as a guide for this calculation.
Answer:
10.77%
Explanation:
Molar mass of Cu = mass deposited/number of moles of Cu
Molar mass of Cu = 0.4391 g/6.238x10^-3 moles
Molar mass of Cu = 70.391 g/mol
%error = 70.391 g/mol - 63.546 g/mol/63.546 g/mol × 100
%error = 10.77%
What type of bonding is occuring in the compound below?
A. Covalent polar
B. Metallic
C. Ionic
D. Covalent nonpolar
Answer:
(B). it's metallic bonding
Select the choice that best completes the following sentence: When cooled slowly, transformations near the melting temperature tend to yield ______ grains due to the formation of ______ nucleation sites followed by ______ grain growth.
Question Completion with Options:
O coarse...few...rapid
O fine...few...slow
O fine...multiple...rapid
O coarse...few...slow
O fine...multiple...slow
Answer:
The choice that best completes the sentence is:
O coarse...few...slow
Explanation:
Transformations near the melting temperature develop coarse grains because few nucleation sites are formed and the rate of the grain growth is usually slow. This is because of the process that starts with recrystallization, recovery, and nucleation before growth can occur. While recrystallization enables the grain to increase in size at high temperature, nucleation gives the grain the energy to irreversibly grow into larger-sized nucleus.
what are the properety of covalent bond
Explanation:
1. boiling and melting point
2. electrical conductivity
3. Bond strength
4. bond length
A covalent bond consists of negative electrons that are shared in between atoms. Because of this bond, they possess and manifest physical abilities, including electrical pressure/conductivity and lower melting points compared to ionic compounds.
What is the mass of a piece of iron if its density is 1.98 g/mL and its volume is 2.45 mL?
0.80 g
4.858
1.248
5.998
2.71 g
Answer:
4.858 g
Explanation:
Start with the formula
density = [tex]\frac{mass}{volume}[/tex]
density = 1.98 g/mL
volume = 2.45 mL
mass = ??
rearrange the formula to solve for mass
(density) x (volume) = mass
Add in the substitutes and solve for mass
1.98 g/mL x 2.45 mL = 4.858 g
A dehydration reaction starting with 3.0 g cyclohexanol produces 1.9 g cyclohexene. Calculate the theoretical yield for this reaction. Report your answer with two significant figures.
Answer:
77%
Explanation:
First we convert 3.0 g of cyclohexanol (C₆H₁₂O) to moles, using its molar mass:
Molar mass of C₆H₁₂O = 100.158 g/mol3.0 g ÷ 100.158 g/mol = 0.030 molThen we convert 1.9 g of cyclohexene (C₆H₁₀) to moles, using its molar mass:
Molar mass of C₆H₁₀ = 82.143 g/mol1.9 g ÷ 82.143 g/mol = 0.023 molFinally we calculate the theoretical yield:
0.023 mol / 0.030 mol * 100% = 77%name a factor tht affects the value of electron affinity
Answer:
Atomic sizeNuclear chargesymmetry of the electronic configurationThe following pairs of soluble solutions can be mixed. In some cases, this leads to the formation of an insoluble precipitate. Decide, in each case, whether or not an insoluble precipitate is formed.
a. K2S and NH4Cl
b. CaCl2 and NH4CO3
c. Li2S and MnBr2
d. Ba(NO3)2 and Ag2SO4
e. RbCO3 and NaCl
Answer:
a) [tex]K_{2} S[/tex] and [tex]NH_{4} Cl[/tex] :
There are no insoluble precipitate forms.
b) [tex]Ca Cl_{2}[/tex] and [tex](NH_{4} )_{2} Co_{3}[/tex] :
There are the insoluble precipitates of [tex]CaCo_{3}[/tex] forms.
c) [tex]Li_{2}S[/tex] and [tex]MnBr_{2}[/tex] :
There are the insoluble precipitates of [tex]MnS[/tex] forms.
d) [tex]Ba(No_{3} )_{2}[/tex] and [tex]Ag_{2} So_{4}[/tex] :
As [tex]Ag_{2} So_{4}[/tex] is insoluble, therefore no precipitate forms.
e) [tex]Rb_{2}Co_{3}[/tex] and [tex]NaCl[/tex]:
There are no insoluble precipitates forms.
Explanation:
a)
Solubility rule suggests:- [tex]K_{2} S[/tex] ⇒ soluble, [tex]NH_{4} Cl[/tex] ⇒ soluble.
KCl ⇒ soluble, [tex](NH_{4})_{2} S[/tex] ⇒ soluble.
There are no insoluble precipitate forms.
b)
Solubility rule suggests:- [tex]Ca Cl_{2}[/tex] ⇒ soluble, [tex](NH_{4} )_{2} Co_{3}[/tex] ⇒ soluble.
[tex]CaCo_{3}[/tex] ⇒ insoluble, [tex]NH_{4} Cl[/tex] ⇒ soluble.
There are the insoluble precipitates of [tex]CaCo_{3}[/tex] forms.
c)
Solubility rule suggests:- [tex]Li_{2}S[/tex] ⇒ soluble, [tex]MnBr_{2}[/tex] ⇒ soluble.
[tex]LiBr[/tex] ⇒ soluble, [tex]MnS[/tex] ⇒ insoluble.
There are the insoluble precipitates of [tex]MnS[/tex] forms.
d)
Solubility rule suggests:- [tex]Ba(No_{3} )_{2}[/tex] ⇒ soluble, [tex]Ag_{2} So_{4}[/tex] ⇒insoluble.
As [tex]Ag_{2} So_{4}[/tex] is insoluble, therefore no precipitate forms.
e)
Solubility rule suggests:- [tex]Rb_{2}Co_{3}[/tex] ⇒ soluble, [tex]NaCl[/tex] ⇒ soluble.
[tex]RbCl[/tex] ⇒ soluble, [tex]Na_{2} Co_{3}[/tex] ⇒ soluble.
There are no insoluble precipitates forms.
Please help thank you
Answer:
[tex]K=1.7x10^{-3}[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the given information, it turns out possible for us to solve this problem by firstly setting up the equilibrium expression for the given reaction, in agreement to the law of mass action:
[tex]K=\frac{[NO]^2}{[N_2][O_2]}[/tex]
Next, we plug in the given concentrations on the data table to obtain:
[tex]K=\frac{(0.034)^2}{(0.69)(0.98)}\\\\K=1.7x10^{-3}[/tex]
Regards!
The standard enthalpies of combustion of fumaric acid and maleic acid (to form carbon dioxide and water) are - 1336.0 kJ moJ-1 and - 1359.2 kJ moJ-1, respectively. Calculate the enthalpy of the following isomerization process:
maleic acid ----> fumaric acid
Answer:
Explanation:
maleic acid ⇒ fumaric acid
ΔHreaction = ΔHproduct - ΔHreactant
ΔHproduct = -1336.0 kJ mol⁻¹
ΔHreactant = - 1359.2 kJ mol⁻¹.
ΔHreaction = -1336.0 kJ mol⁻¹ - ( - 1359.2 kJ mol⁻¹.)
= 1359.2 kJ mol⁻¹ -1336.0 kJ mol⁻¹
= 23.2 kJ mol⁻¹ .
Enthalpy of isomerization from maleic to fumaric acid is 23.2 kJ per mol.
Assuming a mixture of equal volumes of o xylene and cyclohexane,which of these will distill off first?
calculate the volume of 20.5g of oxygen occupied at standard temperature and pressure.what the volume
Answer :
volume of a gas = weight * 22.4 l / gram molecular weight
volume of o2 = ?
weight given = 20.5 g
gram molecular weight of oxygen = 32 (because of 2 oxygen atoms )
volume of oxygen = 20.5 * 22.4 / 32
volume of oxygen = 14.35 liters
Explanation:
hope this helps you
if wrong just correct me
Which redox reaction would most likely occur if silver and copper metal were added to a solution that contained silver and copper ions?
A. Cu + Agt Cu2+ + 2Ag
B. Cu2+ + 2Ag* → Cu + 2Ag
C. Cu2+ + 2Ag → Cu + 2Ag+
D. Cu + 2Ag Cu²+ + 2Ag+
give the wrong answer and I'm reporting
Answer:
B
Explanation:
b/c copper is readuction agent
The most likely redox reaction that would occur if silver and copper metal were added to a solution that contained silver and copper ions is [tex]\rm Cu^{2+} + 2Ag \rightarrow Cu + 2Ag^+[/tex]. The correct answer is option C.
Redox reaction is a reaction in which reduction and oxidation takes place simultaneously.
In this reaction:
[tex]\rm Cu^{2+} + 2Ag \rightarrow Cu + 2Ag^+[/tex]
Copper metal has a higher reduction potential than silver metal, which means that it will be oxidized to [tex]\rm Cu^{2+}[/tex] ions before silver metal is oxidized to [tex]\rm Ag^+[/tex] ions.
The [tex]\rm Cu^{2+}[/tex] ions in the solution will then react with the silver metal to form [tex]\rm Ag^+[/tex] ions and Copper metal. This reaction is an example of a displacement reaction, where a more reactive metal removes a less reactive metal from its compound.
Therefore, option C. [tex]\rm Cu^{2+} + 2Ag \rightarrow Cu + 2Ag^+[/tex] is the correct answer.
Learn more about Redox reaction here:
https://brainly.com/question/28300253
#SPJ5
Considering a fish breeder decided to breed small fishes which needs a pH between 6,0 to 7,0 to stay alive. He needs to adjust the water's pH that is 5,0 to a value of 6.5, having available only calcium carbonate. The mass in mg added to 5L of water is about:
A)2,5
B)5,5
C)6,5
D)7,5
E)9,5
tea contains approximately 2% caffeine by weight. assuming that you started with 18g of tea leaves, calculate your percent yield of extraced caffeine
which of the following is indicated by the ph value of a solution?
a- it's hydrogen ion concentration
b- its ammonium ion concentration
c- ability to undergo chemical reaction
d- its ratio of solute amount to solvent volume
Answer:
c- ability to undergo chemical reaction
A 12.37 g sample of Mo2O3(s) is converted completely to another molybdenum oxide by adding oxygen. The new oxide has a mass of 13.197 g. Identify the empirical formula of the new oxide
Answer:
MoO2
Explanation:
The empirical formula is defined as the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a molecule.
To solve this question we need to find the moles of Mo2O3. Twice these moles = Moles of Mo. With the moles of Mo we can find its mass.
The difference in masses between mass of new oxide and mass of Mo = Mass of oxygen. With the mass of oxygen we can find its moles and the empirical formula as follows:
Moles Mo2O3 -Molar mass: 239.9g/mol-
12.37g * (1mol / 239.9g) = 0.05156 moles Mo2O3 * (2mol Mo / 1mol Mo2O3) = 0.1031 moles of Mo
Mass Mo -95.95g/mol-:
0.1031 moles of Mo * (95.95g/mol) = 9.895g of Mo
Mass oxygen in the oxide:
13.197 - 9.895g = 3.302g Oxygen
Moles oxygen -Molar mass: 16g/mol-:
3.302g Oxygen * (1mol / 16g) = 0.206 moles O
Now, the ratio of moles O / moles Mo is:
0.206 moles O / 0.1031 moles Mo = 2
That means there are 2 moles of O per mole of Mo and the empirical formula of the new oxide is:
MoO2Which subshells are found in each of the following shells
electron subshell - M shell
Answer:
3
Explanation:
The electron shells are labelled as K,L,M,N,O,P, and Q or 1,2,3,4,5,6, and 7.
As we go from innermost shell outwards, this number denotes the number of subshell in the shell. Electrons in outer shells have higher average energy and travel farther from the nucleus than those in inner shells.
Hence, M shell contains s,p and d subshells.
Chromium-51 is a radioisotope that is used to assess the lifetime of red blood cells The half-life of chromium-51 is 27.7 days. If you begin with 39.7 mg of this isotope, what mass remains after 48.2 days have passed?
Answer:
11.9g remains after 48.2 days
Explanation:
All isotope decay follows the equation:
ln [A] = -kt + ln [A]₀
Where [A] is actual amount of the isotope after time t, k is decay constant and [A]₀ the initial amount of the isotope
We can find k from half-life as follows:
k = ln 2 / Half-Life
k = ln2 / 27.7 days
k = 0.025 days⁻¹
t = 48.2 days
[A] = ?
[A]₀ = 39.7mg
ln [A] = -0.025 days⁻¹*48.2 days + ln [39.7mg]
ln[A] = 2.476
[A] = 11.9g remains after 48.2 days
11 Explain how you would obtain solid lead carbonate from a mixture of lead carbonate and sodium chloride
Explanation:
Add water, Na2CO3 dissolves, filter, PbCO3 stays in the paper and dissolved Na2CO3 goes through as the solution. Dry the PbCO3 and you have the dry solid.
OR
Add water to dissolve then filter to obtain PbCo3 as you're residue and Na2Co3 as the filtrate. Dry the insoluble PbCo3 between filter papers and you obtain solid PbCo3
here is the question
Answer:
1. Nitrate ions, NaNO3 - Sodium nitrate.
2. Sulphide ions, K2S - Potassium sulphide.
3. Sulphate ions, CaSO4 - Calcium sulphate.
4. Hydrogensulphite ions, NaHSO3 - Sodium hydrogensulphite.
5. Carbonate ions, CaCO3 - Calcium carbonate.
6. Hydrogencarbonate ions, KHCO3 - Potassium hydrogencarbonate.
7. Phosphite ions, PH3 - Hydrogen phosphite.
8. Nitride ions, NH3 - Hydrogen nitride ( ammonia ).
9. Ethanoate ions, CH3COONa - Sodium ethanoate.
10. Methanoate ions, HCOONa - Sodium methanoate.
11. Fluoride ions, HF - Hydrogen fluoride.
12. Chloride ions, KCl - Potassium chloride.
13. Bromide ions, HBr - Hydrogen bromide.
14. Iodide ions, NaI - Sodium iodide.
15. Phosphate ions, K3PO3 - potassium phosphate.
For the titration of 50. mL of 0.10 M ammonia with 0.10 M HCl, calculate the pH. For ammonia, NH3, Kb
Answer:
11.12 → pH
Explanation:
This is a titration of a weak base and a strong acid.
In the first step we did not add any acid, so our solution is totally ammonia.
Equation of neutralization is:
NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl
Equilibrium for ammonia is:
NH₃ + H₂O ⇄ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻ Kb = 1.8×10⁻⁵
Initially we have 50 mL . 0.10M = 5 mmoles of ammonia
Our molar concentration is 0.1 M
X amount has reacted.
In the equilibrium we have (0.1 - x) moles of ammonia and we produced x amount of ammonium and hydroxides.
Expression for Kb is : x² / (0.1 - x) = 1.8×10⁻⁵
As Kb is so small, we can avoid the x to solve a quadratic equation.
1.8×10⁻⁵ = x² / 0.1
1.8×10⁻⁵ . 0.1 = x²
1.8×10⁻⁶ = x²
√1.8×10⁻⁶ = x → 1.34×10⁻³
That's the value for [OH⁻] so:
1×10⁻¹⁴ = [OH⁻] . [H⁺]
1×10⁻¹⁴ / 1.34×10⁻³ = [H⁺] → 7.45×10⁻¹²
- log [H⁺] = pH
- log 7.45×10⁻¹² = 11.12 → pH
A sample of a compound is analyzed and found to contain 0.420 g nitrogen, 0.480g oxygen, 0.540 g carbon and 0.135 g hydrogen. What is the empirical formula of the compound? a. C2H5NO b. CH3NO c. C3H9N2O2 d. C4HN3O4 e. C4H13N3O3
Answer:
c. C3H9N2O2
Explanation:
The empirical formula of a compound is defined as the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a molecule. To solve this question we need to convert the mass of each atom to moles. With the moles we can find the ratio as follows:
Moles N -Molar mass: 14.01g/mol-
0.420g N * (1mol/14.01g) = 0.0300 moles N
Moles O -Molar mass: 16g/mol-
0.480g O * (1mol/16g) = 0.0300 moles O
Moles C -Molar mass: 12.01g/mol-
0.540g C * (1mol/12.01g) = 0.0450 moles C
Moles H -Molar mass: 1.0g/mol-
0.135g H * (1mol/1g) = 0.135moles H
Dividing in the moles of N (Lower number of moles) the ratio of atoms is:
N = 0.0300 moles N / 0.0300 moles N = 1
O = 0.0300 moles O / 0.0300 moles N = 1
C = 0.0450 moles C / 0.0300 moles N = 1.5
H = 0.135 moles H / 0.0300 moles N = 4.5
As the empirical formula requires whole numbers, multiplying each ratio twice:
N = 2, O = 2, C = 3 and H = 9
And the empirical formula is:
c. C3H9N2O2