According to the bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach, a firm's cost of retained earnings, rs, can be estimated by adding a risk premium of 3 to 5 percentage points to its before-tax interest cost of debt, Rs.
The bond-yield plus risk premium method makes it possible to figure out how much equity capital will cost. By adding the pre-tax cost of debt and the risk premium, which accounts for the higher yield on a company's stock when compared to its bonds, it calculates the cost of common equity. This can be used in place of the CAPM in real-world applications.
The Dividend Discount Model, Capital Asset Pricing Model, and Cost of Equity are some further related topics that you could find interesting to investigate.
Anyone who aspires to work as a banker, investment professional, corporate finance practitioner, or portfolio manager would find this open-access Excel template in XLSX format helpful.
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A stable share price along with a fluctuating dividend based on market conditions is associated with.
Adjustable-rate preferred stock is characterised by a steady share price and a variable dividend dependent on market conditions.
What is the share price right now?It is the latest trading price for a single share or any other security. The present price serves as a starting point in an open market. It price that a buyer and seller would've been willing to pay for a later transaction involving that security.
How do I buy stocks?Using an online stockbroker is the easiest way to purchase stocks. You may quickly purchase stocks on the broker's website after creating and financing your account. Other choices include buying shares directly from the business or utilizing a full-service broker.
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Taxpayers whose only unearned income consists of qualified dividends and capital gain distributions reported to them on Form 1099-DIV generally compute the amount of tax on their income using what?
Taxpayers whose only unearned income consists of qualified dividends and capital gain distributions reported to them on Form 1099-DIV generally compute the amount of tax on their income using the tax rates that apply to long-term capital gains and qualified dividends.
What are Taxpayers?Generally, These tax rates are generally lower than the tax rates that apply to ordinary income, such as wages and salaries.
To calculate the tax on qualified dividends and capital gain distributions, taxpayers should first determine their taxable income, which is their total income from all sources, minus any deductions and exemptions to which they are entitled.
They should then determine their tax liability by applying the appropriate tax rates to their taxable income. The tax rates that apply to qualified dividends and long-term capital gains are based on the taxpayer's income tax bracket, which is determined by the amount of taxable income they have.
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Which of the following statements are true regarding dividends? (You may select more than one answer. Single click the box with the question mark to produce a check mark for a correct answer and double click the box with the question mark to empty the box for a wrong answer) O A stock dividend commonly indicates management's confidence that the company doing well O A stock dividend increases the number of outstanding shares O A stock dividend increases the number of authorized shares O Stock dividends are a mechanism to keep the market price of stock affordable On January 15, the end of the first pay period of the year, North Company's employees earned $48,000 of sales salaries. Withholdings from the employees' salaries include FICA Social Security taxes at the rate of 6.2%, FICA Medicare taxes at the rate of 1.45%, $3,100 of federal income taxes. 1,037 of medical insurance deductions, and $130 of union dues. No employee earned more than $7,000 in this first period Prepare the journal entry to record North Company's January 15 salaries expense and related liabilities View transaction list Journal entry worksheet 1 Record the employee payroll for period. Note: Enter debits before credits General Journal Debit Credit Date Jan 15 Record entry Clear entry View general journal
The correct option is option A and B .a) A stock dividend commonly indicates management's confidence that the company doing well b) A stock dividend increases the number of outstanding shares
Salary Expense 48,000 FICA Social Security Tax 2,976 FICA Medicare Tax 698 Federal Income Tax 3,100 Medical Insurance Deductions 1,037 Union Dues 130 Cash 42,059 Total 48,000 Total 48,000.
Tax relief or tax cuts offered by the government, "tax deduction" and "tax exemption," both refer to a reduction in taxable income. Tax exemptions, however, can also include reduced rates, no taxes at all, and simply a portion of your income being taxed.
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Acme Manufacturing is considering a project that requires an investment in new equipment of $4,000,000, with an additional $200,000 in shipping and installation costs. Acme estimates that its accounts receivable and inventories need to increase by $800,000 to support the new project, some of which is financed by a $320,000 increase in spontaneous liabilities (AP and accruals).The total cost of acme's new equipment is _______ and consists of the price of the equipment plus the ____. In contrast, acme's initial investment outlay is ______.
If Acme Manufacturing is considering a project that requires an investment in new equipment of $4,000,000, The total cost of acme's new equipment is $4,680,000 and consists of the price of the equipment plus the assets' installation, shipping, and delivery costs. In contrast, acme's initial investment outlay is $4,200,000.
How to find the total cost and the initial investment outlay?a. Total cost
Using this formula to find the total cost
Total cost = New equipment + Additional shipping + ( Increase in account receivable - Increase in spontaneous liabilities)
Let plug in the formula
Total cost = $4,000,000 + $200,000 + ($800,000 - $320,000)
Total cost = $4,000,000 + $200,000 + $480,000
Total cost = $4,680,000
b. Initial investment outlay
Initial investment outlay = $4,000,000 + $200,000
Initial investment outlay = $4,200,000
Therefore the total cost of acme's new equipment is $4,680,000 and the acme's initial investment outlay is $4,200,000.
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look at the table. how does the government in a free enterprise system, such as the one in the united states, differ from the role of government in a communist system regarding these market forces
In a free enterprise system, the government does not control any of these market forces.
In a free enterprise economic system, what function does the government serve?Maintaining law and order, defending the freedom of individuals to own property, and upholding voluntarily entered into agreements are all things that the government has the coercive authority to do. Essentially, the free enterprise system is supported by the government by providing a framework.
How does the government function in a free-market system?A free market economy with a few restrictions, rules, and protections from the government. Tax income is money the government gets from people's homes and businesses. This money is used to purchase products and services on the product market as well as supplies on the factor market.
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SAL PREPARES HIS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS USING STRAIGHT LINE DEPRECIATION. SAL FILES HIS TAX RETURN USING MACRS.MACHINE DEPRECIABLE BASIS 336,000 LIFE 5 YEARS SALVAGE VALUE 0DATE PLACED IN SERVICE APRIL 1, YEAR 1DATE SOLD JAN 1, YEAR 4 SALES PRICE 127,000 REQUIRED: WHAT IS THE LOSS ON SALE FOR FINANCIAL STATEMENT PURPOSES RECORDED ON JANUARY 1, YEAR 4? (DO NOT ROUND) (INSERT THE AMOUNT ONLY) REQUIRED: WHAT IS THE GAIN ON SALE FOR TAX PURPOSES RECORDED ON JANUARY 1, YEAR 4? (DO NOT ROUND) (INSERT THE AMOUNT ONLY) (INSERT THE AMOUNT ONLY) REQUIRED: WHAT IS THE GAIN ON SALE FOR TAX PURPOSES RECORDED ON JANUARY 1, YEAR 4? (DO NOT ROUND) (INSERT THE AMOUNT ONLY)REQUIRED: WHAT IS SAL'S YEAR 4 M-1 ADJUSTMENT RELATED TO THE SALE? (DO NOT ROUND) (INSERT THE AMOUNT ONLY) REQUIRED: WHAT IS THE NET BOOK VALUE OF THE MACHINE FOR TAX PURPOSES AT DECEMBER 31, YEAR 2?
For tax reasons, the machine's net book value at the end of year two was $2,42,760. A non-cash business expenditure that is spread out and measured over time is depreciation.
What exactly does a depreciation mean?
The fixed assets' book value decreases as a result of depreciation. Due to deterioration and developments in technology, assets lose value over time. Throughout the usable lifespan of the assets, depreciation will continue.
What is an example of depreciation?
The most typical sorts of depreciable assets include things like cars, buildings, furniture for offices, computers and other electronics, machinery and equipment, and certain intangibles like computer software, copyrights, and patents.
Briefing:
1. Loss on Sale for Financial Statement purposes
depreciation p.a = (original cost- salvage value)/ life of asset
= (3,36,000-0) / 5years
= 67,200 per annum
book value at year end 3 = 1,34,400
less:- sales value = 1,27,000
loss on sale of machine = 7,400
2. rate of depreciation on machinery= 15% per annum on WDV method
value at the end of year 3 = 2,06,346
less:- sales value = 1,27,000
gain on sale of machine = 79,346
3. carrying amount as per books = 1,34,400
value for tax base = 2,06,346
timming difference = 71,946
tax rate (assumed) = 30%
DTA = 21,583.80
Journal entry:-
Deferred Tax Asset A/c Dr 21,583.80
To Profit & Loss A/c 21,583.80
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Keep-Or-Drop Decision, Alternatives, Relevant Costs
Reshier Company makes three types of rug shampooers. Model 1 is the basic model rented through hardware stores and supermarkets. Model 2 is a more advanced model with both dry-and wet-vacuuming capabilities. Model 3 is the heavy-duty riding shampooer sold to hotels and convention centers. A segmented income statement is shown below.Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Total
Sales $270,000 $598,000 $606,500 $1,474,500 Less variable costs of goods sold (89,500) (163,640) (352,800) (605,940) Less commissions (6,000) (27,500) (20,250) (53,750) Contribution margin $174,500 $406,860 $233,450 $814,810 Less common fixed expenses: Fixed factory overhead (410,000) Fixed selling and administrative (299,000) Operating income $105,810 While all models have positive contribution margins, Reshier Company is concerned because operating income is less than 10 percent of sales and is low for this type of company. The company’s controller gathered additional information on fixed costs to see why they were so high. The following information on activities and drivers was gathered:
Driver Usage by Model
Activity Activity Cost Activity Driver Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Engineering $76,000 Engineering hours 710 71 219 Setting up 177,000 Setup hours 12,300 12,700 29,219 Customer service 112,000 Service calls 14,300 1,580 19,219 In addition, Model 1 requires the rental of specialized equipment costing $25,000 per year.
1. Reformulate the segmented income statement using the additional information on activities. Use a minus sign to indicate any negative margins. Do NOT round interim calculations and, if required, round your answer to the nearest dollar.
Reshier Company
Segmented Income Statement
Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
Total
$
$
$
$
Contribution margin
$
$
$
$
Less traceable fixed expenses:
Product margin
$
$
$
$
Less common fixed expenses:
Operating income
$
The amount that has been added to the dropping model is $31,547.
Here we have given that Reshier Company makes three types of rug shampooers.
And we need to find the amount added to the dropping model.
While we are looking into the given question, we have identified the value of each of the department expenses as,
=> Engineering rate = $86,000 ÷ (730 + 76+ 194) = $86
=> Setting up = $196,000 ÷ (12,100+ 13,200 + 29,179) = $3.5977
=> Customer Service = $100,000 ÷ (13,400 + 1,480+ 19,179) = $2.9360
=> Fixed factory overhead = $385,000 - 86,000-195,999 - 22,000 = $81,001
=> Selling and administrative expenses= $307,000 - 99,997 = $207,003
Now, we have to reformulated income statement suggests that the profit of model 1 is negative, then the company can choose either model 2 or 3. Therefore, the product margin of model 2 is maximum, choosing model 2 will be more cost effective,
Then the Dropping model 1 will add $31,547 to the operating income.
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Yiannis is the CEO of a company that has cornered the market on products for both amateur and professional golfers and is the primary seller for the majority of
these products in the marketplace. What BEST describes the competitive structure that Yiannis's business participates in?
A. Monopoly
B. Perfect competition
C. Monopsony
D. Monopolistic competition
Monopolistic competition describes the competitive structure that Yiannis's business participates in.
What does Monopolistic competition mean?
Monopolistic competition is an economic model in which multiple sellers offer similar but slightly differentiated products. This type of competition allows a large number of firms to exist in the same market, each with some degree of pricing control. Firms can gain a competitive advantage by differentiating their products by adding features, improving customer service, or pursuing other strategies.
What does Services Mean?
Services are activities that benefit either an individual or an organization. Services can include a variety of tasks, ranging from financial advice and legal assistance to maintenance and repair work. Intangible activities such as emotional support, education, and entertainment can also be included.
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according to ellis' abc's to rebt, people have the most control over changing their . group of answer choices beliefs activating events
according to Ellis' ABC's to REBT, people have the most control over changing their thoughts, feelings and their actions.
Ellis's ABC model is a cognitive-behavioral model that propose that it is our thoughts about situations that result in our emotional and behavioral responses. REBT is a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy that is based on the ABC model.
The therapist helps the client to identify their irrational thoughts and beliefs and to challenge and change them. The goal is to help the client to learn to respond to situations in a more rational and effective way. Ellis held the view that every person has the capacity to exert control over their thoughts, feelings, and behavior.
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the distributive process by which the burdens and rewards that society has to offer are shared varies from society to society. T/F
It is true that the distributive process by which the burdens and rewards that society has to offer are shared varies from society to society.
How the people in any given region divide burdens and rewards among themselves depends in large part on factors like the geography of the region and the propensity of the people established based on it. Additionally, the patterns of burden and reward distribution vary depending on the region's diverse demographics.
Distributive justice is the equitable distribution of costs and benefits in a society. Armstrong claims that distributive justice ensures that everyone member of a society bears some of the burden and benefits of living. Distribution justice is concerned with the equitable distribution of advantage among various social members.
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Assume that Jill spends all her allowance on only two goods whose prices are equal. To maximize utility Jill will
A. Spend the same total dollar amount on each good
B. Purchase the same number of units of each good
C. Purchase a combination of the two goods so that the utility of each good is the same
D. Purchase a combination of the two goods so that the marginal utility of the last unit purchased of each good is the same
E. Purchase a combination of the two goods so that the marginal utility of the last unite purchased of each good divided by the price is equal to one
To maximize utility Jill will spend the same total dollar amount on each good. The idea behind utility maximisation is that people and organisations should aim to get the most happiness possible out of their financial choices.
The degree to which an individual's fulfilment is realised is measured by utility function. Making economic organisations that ensure the maximum possible level of customer happiness is known as utility maximisation (benefit). An illustration would be if a consumer chose to buy more "Product A" and less "Product B" since the former combination ensures greater benefit (utility) per dollar. The utility-maximizing condition is when overall expenditures are equal to the available budget.
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suppose that each of two independent investments has a 2% chance of a loss of $10 million and 98% chance of a profit of $1 million.
The chances of loss on investment is 20000$. An independent investment is money that people or businesses put into businesses. Investments that are independent of other investments in a company are unconnected.
Typically, people invest money by buying bonds or stock in a firm. Contrary to what their names imply, contingent investments are linked to some other forms of investments while independent investments are just that—contingent. a sum of money that an individual, rather than a company or businesses, has invested in something, or these investments taken collectively: Real estate and precious metals are his go-to personal investing options. The most valuable cryptocurrency by market capitalization, bitcoin, is a volatile and dangerous investment.
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which of the following is an example of a negative externality? group of answer choices bae's company has a decrease in profits when the demand for its product falls. rita gains weight while she is on vacation because she eats more than normal. when fazio parks his big truck at the grocery store, people in the cars on each side of his parking space have a hard time opening their car doors. raul loses weight because he wants to feel better, but the weight loss means that he needs new clothes.
The correct option here is, when Fazio parks his big truck at the grocery store, people in the cars on each side of his parking space have a hard time opening their car doors.
WHAT ARE NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES?When a products or service's production and/or consumption have an adverse effect on a third party separate from the transaction, this is referred to as a negative externality. Two parties, referred to as the first and second parties in the transaction, are involved in a typical transaction: the producer and the consumer. Third parties are any other parties who are not involved in the transaction.
When it is challenging to hold people accountable, as is the case with environmental contamination, negative externalities frequently impact public resources. Without having to worry about legal action or penalties, producers or consumers may produce a negative externality.
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g changes in prices of a good causes movement along the demand curve. movement along the supply curve. no movement along either curve. both a and b.
The changes in prices of a good causes movement along the demand curve. According to the economics, the variation of change price with the demand curve.
The demand curve is the graphical representation between the demand of the commodity and the amount of price, and also with supply curve, quantity of products.
The demand curve represents the increasing products demand with the changes in prices curve with remain all the constant same.
The demand curve, when the prices change is along the quantity demand curve. The demand curve will be upward and downward with respect to other factors.
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Which of the following are characteristics of blockchain technology? (select all that apply)
a. Decentralized technology
b. Distributed transaction ledger
c. Secure framework
d. High profit margins
Decentralized technology, Distributed transaction ledger, Secure framework are characteristics of blockchain technology.
What does Decentralized Technology means?
Decentralized technology, also known as distributed technology, refers to a system in which components are distributed across a network rather than being stored in a centralized system. Users can control and manage their data and activities using this technology without relying on a centralized authority. It also enables more secure and reliable data exchanges and transactions because there is no single point of failure. Furthermore, by eliminating the need for a third party to facilitate transactions, decentralization helps to reduce costs and increase efficiency.
What is Blockchain Technology?
Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger system that is decentralized and records digital transactions across a peer-to-peer network. It is a shared digital ledger of transactions that is constantly growing as new blocks are added to it, with a secure record of each transaction. Each block contains the previous block's cryptographic hash, a timestamp, and transaction data. A blockchain is resistant to data modification by design and is inherently secure, efficient, and transparent.
Threfore the option A,B & C Decentralized technology, Distributed transaction ledger, Secure framework is the correct answer.
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