A photon is an elementary particle that has zero invariant mass and travels in a vacuum with a constant velocity. It is capable of generating electromagnetic phenomena since it carries all forms of electromagnetic radiation:
X-rays Ultraviolet light Visible light Gamma rays Infrared light Radio waves Microwaves and radio wavesThe photon presents wave and corpuscular properties, this means that it behaves as a wave in certain phenomena, such as refraction in a lens; and as a particle when it interacts with matter to transfer energy. The latter is expressed as follows:
[tex]E=\frac{hc}{lambda} = hv[/tex]
E is the energy, in physics it is defined as the capacity to do work.h is Planck's constant, a physical constant that plays a role in the theory of quantum mechanics and it is a constant between the energy of a photon and the frequency of its electromagnetic wave ([tex]E = hv[/tex]) Its value is 6.63 x 10^-34 J/s.c is the speed of light, which is 3x10^8 m/s.lambda (λ) is the wavelength, the distance traveled by a periodic disturbance propagating in one cycle. v is the frequency of the wave, it is the inverse of the wavelength, the number of repetitions per unit time of any periodic event.This means that each photon has energy that is proportional to the frequency of light. In this case, the energy is quantized, which means that the energy of the photons is restricted to certain values. The energy at subatomic levels occurs in packets that refer to the photon, which are the packages of energy and each one correspond to different types of radiation.
This differs from classical waves, which can gain or lose arbitrary amounts of energy.
If we apply the equation and replace the information, we have:
[tex]E=\frac{6.63 x 10^{-34} J/s x 3 x 10^{8} m/s }{498 nm} = 3.99 x 10^{-28} J[/tex]
So 3.99 x 10^-28 J is the amount of energy of the photon of 498 nm emmited from a silicon atom.
Now we will show that the atomic levels are quantized. An atom has ground state (n=1) energy of 13.6 eV. Higher states means the atom is at an excited state. When this happens, an electron from an atom loses energy and makes a transition to a lower state. To avoid this and conserve energy, the atom emits a photon with an amount of energy that equals the difference of energy between a ground state and another state. So we can calculate the energy of the electron in different states.
[tex]E_{n} = \frac{-13.6 ev}{n^{2} }[/tex]
[tex]E_{1} = \frac{-13.6 ev}{1^{2} }=-13.6 ev[/tex]
[tex]E_{2} = \frac{-13.6 ev}{2^{2} }=-3.4 ev[/tex]
[tex]E_{3} = \frac{-13.6 ev}{3^{2} }=-1.511 ev[/tex]
N represents the principal quantum number, which is the overall energy of each orbital. This energy increases as its distance from the nucleus increases. Here we can se that the value of energy of n=1 is higher than energy of n=2, and this one is higher from the energy of n=3. This means each level has a specific energy and it is quantized according to the value of n.
So, a photon is an elementary particle which carries radiation and presents a wave-corpuscle duality, where particles may exhibit wave-like behavior in some experiments while appearing as particles in others. A photon is emmited when an atom loses energy, to conserve this energy and avoid a transition to a lower state. The electron energy is quantized because it is restricted to characteristic values, only taking non-continuous values. In this question, the amount of energy of the photon emmited is 3.99 x 10^-28 J. And the atomic levels are quantized according to the principal quantum number.
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Does an astronaut have more mass on earth then space? why or why not?
Answer:
No
Explanation:
No, his mass remains the same no matter where he is in the universe.
But then again the moon has less gravitational pull, therefore your weight and mass will be smaller in space and on the moon than on earth
I hope this was helpful! ;)
(Forgot to ask this question last time)
Which is true about molecules?
A. A molecule is two or more atoms joined
together.
B. A molecule is two or more protons joined
together.
C. A molecule is two or more neutrons bonded
together.
Answer:
A is the correct answer.
The amount of energy required to separate 1 mole of ions in a crystalline solid into separate gaseous ions is called _____ energy. This energy provides a measure of the strength of a(n) _____ bond, since the stronger the bond, the _____ the amount of energy required to break it.
Answer: A) Are you asking for the production of "ions" from a solid? Or are you asking for the formation of gases. For gases, this is called "energy of vaporization."
B) "Lattice," I am guessing.
C) Greater
Explanation: Most molecules enjoy their existance as solids (not all) due to the intermolecular forces that attract the molecules to each other. These are largely hydrogen and ionic bonds. Hydrophobic compounds don't always share this enthusiam to stick together. Gasoline is happy to leave it's relatives behind and it's Up, Up, and Away.
Why are intensive properties useful for identifying a substance?
a
They are chemical properties.
b
They describe the amount of substance you have.
c
They are physical properties.
d
They do not depend on the amount of substance you have.
Answer:
d
They do not depend on the amount of substance you have.
Intensive properties useful for identifying a substance because they do not depend on the amount of substance you have.
WHAT ARE INTENSIVE PROPERTIES:
Intensive properties are physical properties of a substance that do not depend on the size or amount of a sample e.g. density, temperature, colour, boiling point etc. On the other hand, extensive properties are dependent on the size of a substance e. g. mass, volume, weight etc. Intensive properties of a substance do not change with respect to size, hence, they can be used in the identification of a substance.Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/3006850?referrer=searchResults
How many moles are there in 4.6g of sodium
Answer:
0.20moles
Explanation:
1 mole Na contains 23 g Na
23 g Na =1 mole of Na
1 g Na= 1/23 moles of Na
4.6 g Na= 1/23×4.6= 4.6/23=0.2 moles
Therefore 0.2 moles are present in 4.6 g of Na
Answer:
the 4.6g sodium has 0.2 moles
FeS + ….HNO3 …….……..+ ….H2SO4 + ….NO + ……….
Answer:
hey it's mistake in the question please check it
is it correct what I have done
Anss\zyew:yes,the answer is very normal and well done
How could you describe the changes that happen when carbon changes form from graphite to diamond
-it is a chemical change, but the intensive and extensive properties of carbon will be maintained
-it is a physical change, but the intensive and extensive properties of carbon will be maintained
-it is a chemical change, which could change some of the intensive and extensive properties of the carbon
-it is a physical change, which could change some of the intensive and extensive properties of the carbon
The correct answer is: it is a chemical change, which could change some of the intensive and extensive properties of the carbon.
To answer this question, we must bear in mind that a chemical change involves the breaking of bonds in a substance and subsequent rearrangement of atoms to form a new substance.
This is why we say that in a chemical change, new substances are formed. Another name for a chemical change is a chemical reaction.
Having said that, it is clear that as graphite changes to diamond, bonds are broken and carbon atoms are rearranged.
This rearrangement of atoms leads to different intensive and extensive properties for graphite and diamond. For instance, graphite conducts electricity but diamond does not conduct electricity. Also, diamond is much denser and harder than graphite. A physical change can not lead to change in some of the intensive and extensive properties of the carbon.
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71. The density of osmium (the densest metal) is 22.57 g/cm². If a
1.00-kg rectangular block of osmium has two dimensions of
4.00 cm x 4.00 cm, calculate the third dimension of the block.
Answer:
y = 2.77 cm
Answer: The third dimension is 2.77 cm
Which of the following is an example of climate?
The polar regions have long winters and short, cool summers.
Humidity levels are high today.
Canada experienced an unusually warm summer this year.
Tornados formed across Oklahoma yesterday.
Answer:
"The polar regions have long winters and short, cool summers."
Explanation:
Climate is the average of that weather. The climate record also includes extreme values such as record high temperatures or record amounts of rainfall.
For Climate example:
You can expect snow in the Northeast in January or for it to be hot and humid in the Southeast in July.
A hydrogen electron is elevated from level 1 to level 2. Another electron is elevated from level 2 to level
4. The transition requiring the greatest energy change is
DONE
Intro
Answer
level 2 to 4
Explanation:
i guessed cause im just that cool
How has modern research in
chemistry impacted society?
Artificial products, medicines, and fertilizers are examples of chemistry discoveries that have had the greatest impact on the modern world. Polymer discovery has resulted in all the plastics and synthetic fabrics that surround us today.
What is the importance of research in chemistry?Understanding how the properties of substances are related to their molecular structures allows chemists to design new molecules and materials with the desired properties, as well as develop or invent new types of transformations for carrying out the syntheses of these substances.
Chemistry is used in almost every aspect of today's automobiles, from the exterior paint, bumpers, and headlights to the interior seats, dashboard components, and seatbelts and airbags that protect passengers.
To name a few, industrial applications of chemistry have a direct impact on our daily lives: what we eat, what we wear, how we travel, the technology we use, how we treat illnesses, and how we get electricity. Chemistry research is constantly deepening our understanding and leading to new discoveries.
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1. Why Isn't Hess's law helpful for calculating the heat of reaction Involved in the conversion of diamond to graphite?
Answer:
This law is not applicable or not helpful in the conversion of diamond to graphite because both are just allotropes of carbon along with C60 (Buckminsterfullerene or buckyball), C540, C70, amorphous carbon, and carbon nanotube
Explanation: did that help? hope it did!
Iron is a type of metal that has a shiny surface. However, iron can rust easily. Explain
Answer:
Iron, as well as iron alloys, rusts because of a chemical reaction known as oxidation. When iron is exposed to moisture or oxygen, oxidation occurs. During this chemical reaction, iron is converted into iron oxide. ... Both oxygen and moisture are catalysts for rusting.
Answer:
Iron rusts because of of a chemical reaction known as oxidation. During the chemical reaction iron is converted to iron oxide, if it is left unaddressed, the iron oxide will spread, thereby jeopardizing the physical integrity of the iron.
What do the nuclei of 1H hydrogen atoms contain?
protons only
electrons and protons
electrons and neutrons
neutrons only
Answer:
"Protons only"
Explanation:
Hydrogen has one proton in its nucleus. It does have one electron rotating outside of the nucleus, BUT NOT IN THE NUCLEUS. 'A' is the correct answer.
Hello. Can someone help me do these few questions. Thanks
Answer:
In chemistry, an element is a pure substance consisting only of atoms that all have the same numbers of protons in their atomic nuclei. Unlike chemical compounds, chemical elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. Wikipedia
Why is it impossible for an element to have an atomic number of 110.5? (1 point)
A_ Exactly half of the isotopes would need an atomic number of 110, and half would need an atomic number of 111, which is very unlikely.
B_ Atoms of an element all have the same whole number of protons and neutrons.
C_ Atoms with atomic numbers greater than 100 are unstable.
D_ Atoms of an element all have the same whole number of protons.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
I asked my teacher
The number of protons in an atom are always whole numbers hence it is impossible for an element to have an atomic number of 110.5. The correct answer is option D: Atoms of an element all have the same whole number of protons.
We define the atomic number as the number of protons in an atom. The number of protons in all the atoms of en element must be a whole number.
There is no half proton in the atom hence we can not have an atomic number of 110.5.
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Could someone plz help me
Answer:
A
Explanation:
B: not B. Opinions don't matter. Facts do.
C: its a consideration. It will limit the scope of the experiment. But it's not relevant to the investigation. Not C
D: You might want to contact some scientists to see what they think about your investigation, but randomly interviewing anyone and everyone is not the answer.
You want to do A for certain.
Arrange the gases in increasing order of the number of atoms that make up its molecule, from left to right.
Cl₂-CH₄-SO₂-CH₂O-C₂H₄.
thank you!
Answer:
C₂H₄-CH₄-CH₂O-SO₂-Cl₂
Explanation:
The arrangement of gases in increasing order of the number of atoms that make up its molecule, from left to right, is C₂H₄-CH₄-CH₂O-SO₂-Cl₂.
What are gases?
Gas is one of the matters. It's invisible, and its particles are present very far away from each other. The atoms of the gas move randomly, and they are always in motion.
There are iii kinds of matter, solid, liquid, and gas. When there is a modification in temperature when there is a rise in temperature the solid becomes liquid and eventually, the liquid becomes gas.
The arrangement of gases in it increases the order of the number of atoms. So it can be identified by seeing the moles of elements that are shown in the chemical formula of gas.
Thus, the arrangement of gases is C₂H₄-CH₄-CH₂O-SO₂-Cl₂.
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What are the periods and epochs of the Cenozoic era?
Please help!
Answer:
The Cenozoic Era is generally divided into three periods: the Paleogene (66 million to 23 million years ago), the Neogene (23 million to 2.6 million years ago), and the Quaternary (2.6 million years ago to the present); however, the era has been traditionally divided into the Tertiary and Quaternary periods.
This is an image of ice
cubes made of water. Is
water (or ice) a mixture or a
compound made up of
molecules?
А.
a mixture
В.
a compound made up of molecules
Answer:
it is a compound made up of molecules
Write electronic configuration of first 30 elements in their sub shell
Answer:
Helium (He) 1s2
Lithium (Li) [He] 2s1
Beryllium (Be) [He] 2s2
Boron (B) [He] 2s2 2p1
Explanation:
please mark me brainleast
place the letters on the spectrum below from least scientific two more scientific A. All living things are composed of one or more cells. We know this because every living thing examined to date has
been found to be composed of one or more cells.
B. If you break a mirror, you will have seven years of bad luck.
C. The Earth is flat. Anybody can see that!
D. Taking Vitamin C prevents the common cold. Linus Pauling, the Nobel laureate who discovered the structure of
Vitamin C, says it does.
E. Humans have a soul. I believe this because it says so in the Bible. The soul is what separates us from animals.
F. The rate of acceleration of all falling objects on Earth is constant. Two spheres of identical diameter and volume are
dropped from the top of a building; one is made of steel, the other made of a plastic polymer. They both will accel-
crate at the same rate (32 ft/s) and hit the ground at the same time.
Answer: B, C, E, D, A, F
Explanation: It is a little difficult to assign a regid order to these statements. Much depends on one's definition of "more scientific." My thoughts:
B: Only in the movies
C: Flat Earthers still exist, but no one has ever fallen off the edge, that I'm aware of
E: I've had a few pets with souls. My cat has it in for me.
D: I met Linus Pauling twice - he was too enthusiastic with his vitamin C and did not critically evaluate the evidence, but he was far more correct than the Flat-Earthers.
A: Lots of good evidence, although it can also depend on the definition of "living," Is a virus "living?"
F: Yep, I've done it myself. Heavier object have more inertia - they are the couch potatoes of physics. They will take their own time to get moving.
Can I please have help on a Timer
Answer:
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
Explanation:
the cell is the smallest
a tissue looks like a unit
an organ is multiple units
organ systems are the full body
define mitochondria.
Answer:
An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner part being folded inwards to form layers (cristae).
Explanation:
You want to determine the effect of a certain fertilizer on the growth of orchids grown in a greenhouse.
Materials that are available to you include: greenhouse, 100 orchid plants, water, fertilizer, and soil. You
want to know if the orchids will hgrow best with a weak concentration of fertilizer, a medium concentration
of fertilizer, or a high concentration of fertilizer. How will you design an experiment to test different
concentrations of this fertilizer?
how do you set up a controlled experiment
Polar molecules have partial positive and partial negative charges. An electrical
attraction between the partial positive charge of one polar molecule and the partial
negative charge of another polar molecule is called a/an
Answer:
Image result for Polar molecules have partial positive and partial negative charges. An electrical attraction between the partial positive charge of one polar molecule and the partial negative charge of another polar molecule is called a/an
A polar molecule has a net dipole as a result of the opposing charges (i.e. having partial positive and partial negative charges) from polar bonds arranged asymmetrically. Water (H2O) is an example of a polar molecule since it has a slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other.
Explanation:
A piece of metal has a volume of 30.0 cm and a mass of 252 g . What is its density?
What metal do you think this is?
density = mass/volume
252/30 = 8.4 g/cm3
The metal is likely to be Nichrome
What is Density?
The Density of a material is the mass per unit volume
say the mass is m kg
and the volume is v cm^3
Then the density is
Density = mass/volume
Given data
Mass = 252g gram
volume = 30 cm^3
Hence the density can be calculated as
Density = 252/30
Density = 8.4 g/cm^3
From the value, this corresponds to the density of Brass
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Which is most useful in classifying stars? (1 point)
A. knowing the movements of a star
B. knowing the size of a star
C. knowing the apparent magnitude of a star
D. knowing the color and brightness of a star
Answer:
B. Knowing the color and brightness of a star
Explanation:
Someone plz help me !!
Science
Or
Bias?
