The elements that make up group 2 of the Periodic Table are alkaline earth metals. comparable to Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra.
Electron distribution
Let's distribute two items from group 2 electronically.
Mg's atomic number is 12.
20 is Ca's atomic number.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Mg
Ca – 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, and 4s2.
On the electrical distribution, the valence shell is marked. Both have two electrons in the valence shell, according to this.
To obtain 8 electrons in the valence shell, we must either gain or lose electrons from the ionic charge of the ion. 8 electrons in the valence shell of Mg2+, which has 1s2, 2s2, and 2p6. Therefore, the ion that alkaline earth metals create has an ionic charge of 2+.
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which halogen forms the weakest bond to carbon? rev: 12 08 2020 qc cs-243801 multiple choice f cl br i
The halogen forms the weakest bond to carbon is Iodine due to vary size difference between iodine and a carbon
Iodine is a chemical element with the symbol I and atomic number 53. It is a halogen, which means it is a highly reactive, nonmetal element that occurs in the periodic table among the highly reactive nonmetals. Iodine is a blue-black, lustrous solid that sublimates (turns from a solid directly into a gas) at standard temperature and pressure. It has a melting point of 386.85 degrees Fahrenheit (193.65 degrees Celsius) and a boiling point of 575.1 degrees Fahrenheit (302.9 degrees Celsius). Iodine is an essential trace element in the human body. It plays a vital role in the production of thyroid hormones, which are important for normal growth and development. The thyroid gland, located in the neck, absorbs iodine from the blood and uses it to produce thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, a condition characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland.
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what should be added to a separatory funnel in order to partition an acidic organic compound into the aqueous layer? group of answer choices
NaCl or NH4Cl should be added to a separatory funnel in order to partition an acidic organic compound into aqeous layer.
What is aqeous layer?If it is difficult to tracking where the water droplets go, also keeping track of the volumes of the layers: whichever layer increased with the additional of water is the aqeous layer.
The aqeous phases is water-based and can be an acidic, basic, neutral, or a saturated salt solutions. The organic phase is an organics solvent, usually diethyl ether or dichlorophenoline, which has minimalist solubility in water. For instance, ethanol would be a poor extractions solvent because it forms a solution within water.
One methods is to add NaCl or NH4Cl should to the separatory funnels, which dissolved in the aqueous layer and Decreased the ability of organics compounds to dissolve in water ("salting out").
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an atom with an imbalance of electrons to protons is a. a hadron. b. a baryon. c. an ion. d. an isotope. e. none of these
An ion is an atom with an unbalanced ratio of protons to electrons. Atoms or molecules having associated net charges greater than zero are referred to as "ions."
a charged molecule or atom is referred to as an ion. It charges up or down depending on whether one or more electrons are gained or lost. Because of this, it can have a positive or negative charge. Consequently, an ion becomes charged when there is an imbalance between the proportion of positively charged protons to negatively charged electrons. Ions can be categorised into one of two major types. Cations and anions are what they are.A superscript with a plus sign and the number before the plus sign is applied to the chemical formula to represent the symbol for a cation.Anions are represented similarly to cations by the charge number followed by a negative sign.Another subatomic particle with a positive electrical charge is the proton. They are present in the atom's nucleus.
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F. According to the rules for naming compounds that you learned in this course, what is the
chemical name of this new product? What is its common name? (2 points)
Molecular compounds are termed by using the stem of the first element's name plus the suffix -ide, followed by the second element. Numerical prefixes are used to specify the number of atoms in a molecule.
What does "chemical common name" mean?The IUPAC defines a common name as one that clearly identifies a chemical but does not adhere to the current systematic naming convention. Acetone, which bears the scientific term, serves as an illustration of a common name. 2-propanone
What is the short answer to chemical?A chemical is any substance whose composition is known. A chemical always consists of the same "substance," to put it another way. Water is one of the substances found in nature.
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this is the chemical formula for cassiterite (tin ore): a geochemist has determined by measurements that there are moles of tin in a sample of cassiterite. how many moles of oxygen are in the sample? round your answer to significant digits.
There are two moles of oxygen in cassiterite (tin ore), SnO2, for every mole of tin. As a result, if we have 13 moles of tin, we should have 13 * 2 moles of oxygen. This results in 26 moles of oxygen.
Cassiterite (SnO2) is the most essential tin ore, and it is frequently located in granite veins, granite pegmatites, and greisen. The name is derived from the Greek kassiteros, which means tin.
Cassiterite is a tin oxide mineral with the chemical formula SnO2. It is the primary significant source of tin, accounting for the majority of the world's supply. Primary cassiterite is found in trace amounts in igneous and metamorphic rocks all over the world. It is a mineral that can be found in soils and sediments. Cassiterite is more resistant to deterioration than many other minerals, so it is found in stream and shoreline sediments. Colors include black, brownish black, reddish brown, brown red, yellow, gray, and white.
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Plastic beads used in jewelry making are made of long molecules usually consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Compare the bonding in these molecules to the bonding in gems.
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, gems have ionic bonding and plastic beads have covalent bonding.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound. Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond. Gems have ionic bonds formed between metals and nonmetals. Plastic beads, will have covalent bonds because it is easily deformed.
Therefore, gems have ionic bonding and plastic beads have covalent bonding.
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ion x has a charge of 2 , and ion y has a charge of 1-. what is the formula unit of the compound formed from the ions?
if ion x has a charge of 2 , and ion y has a charge of 1- the formula will be XY2. Positively and negatively charged ions can combine to produce compounds known as ionic compounds.
By losing electrons, positively charged ions are created. Gain of electrons results in the formation of negatively charged ions. The synthesis of ionic chemicals two negatively charged ions of Y are necessary for the creation of a neutral ionic compound when they combine with an ion X that has a charge of 2+ and an ion Y that has a charge of 1-.
The ionic substance they produce has the following chemical formula:
X²⁺ + 2Y⁻ ---> XY₂
Consequently, XY2 is the ionic compound
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How can we increase a pulley's output force?
A pulley's output force can be increased by increasing the input force.
What is Output force?This is referred to as the force which is exerted on an object by a simple machine. We should also note that in a scenario where the output force is greater than the input force, the mechanical advantage is greater and vice versa.
In a situation where the output force needs to be increased, then we have to also increase the input force which is also known as the effort and vice versa and is therefore the reason why an increase was chosen as the correct choice.
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(d) Caesium is another element in Group 1 of the Periodic Table.
(i) The table below lists some statements about the reaction of caesium with
cold water compared to the reaction of lithium with cold water.
Place ticks (✓) in the boxes to show the two correct statements.
the reaction with caesium is more vigorous
the reaction with caesium produces a different gas
the reaction with caesium produces an acidic solution
the reaction with caesium produces a different compound
the reaction of caesium is endothermic
Answer: The reaction with caesium is more vigourus.
The reaction with caesium produces different compund.
Explanation:
Cold water and cesium react to produce hydrogen gas and a mixture of cesium and hydroxide ions as byproducts.
The periodic properties of elements are directly related to the A: group position, B: effective nuclear charge , C: energy levels ,D: Atomic Finite boundaries. ,choose the correct answer
The periodic properties of elements are directly related to the energy levels of the atoms of the elements.
The correct option is C.
What are the periodicity elements in the periodic table?The periodicity of elements in the periodic table is the regular variation of the properties of the elements in the periodic table both down the group and across the periodic.
The properties of elements that show periodicity include;
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how to balance: CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) ⟶ Ca3(PO4)2(s) + NaCl(aq)
can someone explain how to do it? thanks
The given double displacement reaction can be balanced as written below:
[tex]\rm 3CaCl_{2} + 2Na_{3}PO_{4} \rightarrow Ca_{3}PO_{4} + 6 NaCl \\[/tex]
What is displacement reaction?Displacement reactions are those in which one or two groups are replaced to form the new products. There are both single displacement reaction and double double displacement reactions.
In single displacement reactions, only one reactant will be replaced in the reaction whereas in double displacement reactions, two groups from the reactants are exchanged each other.
In the given reaction, the phosphate group is replaced to Ca and the Cl is group is shifted to Na metal as written in the chemical equation.
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Question: An atom from group 2A forms an ionic bond with an atom from another group. Which group is the second atom MOST LIKELY from?
The group of chemical element which an atom from group 2A forms an ionic bond with is most likely from group 7A
What element an atom from group 2A forms Ionic bond with from group 7AAn ionic bond can formed between calcium from from group 2A and fluorine from group 7A to form calcium fluoride. In order words, Calcium fluoride is an ionic chemical compound which is insoluble in water. Calcium fluoride is composed of calcium ion and fluoride ion.
In conclusion, it can be deduced from the explanation given above that calcium fluoride is an ionic compound.
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if we use a to represent the cations (in blue) and x to represent the anions (in green), what is the empirical formula of this ionic compound?
The empirical formula for the compound if A denotes the cations and X denotes the anions is AX₂
It is given that the cations are denoted by Blue color and the anions with green color. There are 8 atoms in the corners and 6 in the face center. Then,
No of atoms in a total of all corners = 8 x 1/8
No of atoms in the corners = 1
No of atoms in the faces = 6 x 1/2
No of atoms in the faces = 3
Then,
Total no of cations atoms = total number of atoms in the corners + the total number of atoms in the faces
Total number of cations (A) = 1 + 3
Total number of cations (A) = 4
The total number of anions in the cell is 8 from the figures as they aren't shared with another lattice arrangement. Therefore,
Number of anions (X) = 8
Then the empirical formula would be A₄X₈ which could be written in the simplified form of AX₂.
Thus, the empirical formula is AX₂ for the arrangement.
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The characteristics of two different types of reactions are shown below: Reaction A: Electrons are gained by the atoms of an element. Reaction B: Protons are lost by the atom of an element. Which statement is true about the atoms of the elements that participate in the two reactions? a Their identity changes in both Reaction A and Reaction B. b Their identity changes in Reaction A but not in Reaction B. c Their identity changes in Reaction B but not in Reaction A. d Their identity remains the same in both Reaction A and Reaction B.
Answer:
C: B's identity changes, but not A's identity. The identity of an element is solely dependent on the number of protons. For example, 2 protons in an element would be Helium. But if you add or subtract protons you would get a different element like Hydrogen or Lithium. However, such a rule does not apply to electrons; adding or removing electrons would just change the charge of the element, but not the identity.
c is the correct choice
the s^2+ ion differs from the S atom in S^2+ that ion has a
Answer:
Explanation: The S^2+ ion would contain a smaller atomic radius when compared to the atomic radius of S. With the removal of electrons, the outermost electrons experience less shielding, and thus experience a greater columbic force, and effective nuclear charge. Pulling in the outside electrons closer to the nucleus, consequently shrinking the atomic radius.
according to the building-up principle or aufbau principle, which subshell is typically filled next after the 6s subshell?
Aufbau's principle states that an electron in an atom is filled according to the energy of orbitals, orbital with minimum energy is first filled, and so on.
so the order of filling of electrons in orbitals are 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d 7p 8s.
so, the 4f subshell is filled after the complete filling of electrons in 6s.
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HI(aq)+Rb2S(aq)→ What is the answer to this please
The given equation is a double displacement reaction. It can be balanced as follows:
[tex]\rm 2HI + Rb_{2}S \rightarrow H_{2}S + RbI_{2}[/tex]
What is displacement reaction?Displacement reaction is a type of reaction in which one or two group from the reactants displaces by other groups. There are both single displacement and double displacement.
In single displacement reaction, only one group is displaced. Whereas, in double displacement reactions, two groups are displaced each other between reactants.
In the given reaction, the iodine atom and sulphide group are displacing as written in the equation.
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nickel has a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure and has a density of 8.90 g/cm3. what is its atomic radius?
The nickel has a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure and has a density of 8.90 g/cm3. its atomic radius is 1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm.
given that :
density = 8.90 g/ cm³
the density is given as :
density = mass / volume
no. of atoms = 8 (1/8) + 6(1/2)
volume = (r × 8 (1/8))³
mass = 4 atoms × mol / 6.022 × 10²³ atoms × 58.68 g /mol
density = mass / volume
8.90 g/ cm³ = (4 atoms × mol / 6.022 × 10²³ atoms × 58.68 g /mol ) / (r × 8 (1/8))³
r = 1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm
Thus, the atomic radius is 1.36 × 10⁻⁸ cm.
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333
Identifying States of Matter
Use the drop-down menus to complete the statements.
✓have a definite shape and volume.
do not have a definite volume or shape.
have a definite volume, but the shape may change.
States of matter:
Solids: have a definite shape and volume.
Gases: do not have a definite volume or shape.
Liquids: have a definite volume, but the shape may change.
What is states of matter?
States of matter refer to the physical behavior of matter based on its temperature and pressure. There are three main states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
There are also several other states of matter, such as plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate, that are observed under certain conditions, such as extremely high temperatures or pressures.
According to the problem:
Solids are characterized by their ability to maintain a fixed shape and volume. They are typically solid at room temperature and have a high degree of structural rigidity.
Gases, on the other hand, do not have a definite shape or volume. They are characterized by their ability to expand and fill any container they are placed in. Gases are typically in a gaseous state at room temperature and are highly compressible.
Liquids are intermediate between solids and gases. They have a definite volume, but the shape may change to conform to the shape of their container. Liquids are typically liquid at room temperature and are less compressible than gases, but more compressible than solids.
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when aqueous solutions of iron(iii) sulfate and potassium phosphate are combined, solid iron(iii) phosphate and a solution of potassium sulfate are formed. the net ionic equation for this reaction is:
The solubility laws that regulate ionic chemicals in an aqueous solution are the main focus of double replacement reactions. The insoluble iron(III) phosphate, FePO4, precipitates out of the solution when these two solutions are combined because the iron(III) cations and phosphate anions combine to make it.
FeBr3(aq)+K3PO4(aq)→FePO4(s)⏐↓+3KBr(aq)
Ionic equations are chemical formulas in which the electrolytes in aqueous solution are stated as dissociated ions, in contrast to molecular equations, which express compounds as molecules. The ionic species are typically followed by (aq) in the equation to denote that they are in an aqueous solution, and the substance in question is typically a salt that has been dissolved in water.
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One of the wavelengths of light emitted by hydrogen atoms is 6.56 x 10–7 m. Calculate the frequency.
The frequency of the light emitted by hydrogen atoms is equal to 4.57 Hz.
What are frequency and wavelength?The frequency can be described as the number of oscillations of a wave per second. The frequency has S.I. units of per second or Hertz.
The wavelength can be defined as the distance between two crests on a wave.
The relation between wavelength, frequency (ν), and speed of light (c) can be shown as:
c = νλ
Given, the wavelength of the light, ν = 6.56 × 10⁻⁷ m
The speed of light, c = [tex]3\times 10^8m/s[/tex]
The frequency of the light can determine from the above-mentioned relationship:
ν= c/λ = 3 × 10⁸/6.56 × 10⁻⁷ = 4.57 Hz
Therefore, the frequency of the light is equal to 4.57 Hz.
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The alkali metals, found in group 1 of the periodic table, are very reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature. These metals have only one electron in their outer shell. Therefore, they readily lose that one electron to form ionic bonds with other elements. Sodium (na) is an alkali metal that bonds with chlorine (cl), a halogen, to form table salt (nacl). Based on what the periodic table can tell you about these two elements, explain how and why they bond to form nacl.
Answer:
The periodic table is a useful tool for understanding the properties of elements and predicting how they will interact with each other. The alkali metals, including sodium, are located in group 1 of the periodic table. These elements have only one electron in their outermost shell, which makes them very reactive. They readily lose this outer electron to form an ion with a positive charge, which is called a cation.
Chlorine, on the other hand, is a halogen located in group 17 of the periodic table. Halogens have seven electrons in their outermost shell, which makes them highly reactive. They readily gain an electron to form an ion with a negative charge, which is called an anion.
When sodium and chlorine interact, they form an ionic bond to create the compound sodium chloride, or table salt. In this process, sodium loses its outer electron to form a sodium cation, and chlorine gains an electron to form a chlorine anion. The positive sodium cation is then attracted to the negative chlorine anion, forming an ionic bond. This bond is strong enough to hold the two ions together, creating a stable compound.
Therefore, sodium and chlorine bond to form table salt because they have the opposite charges and opposite reactivities that are necessary to form an ionic bond. The periodic table can help us understand this bonding process by providing information about the number of electrons in the outermost shell of each element, which determines their reactivity and ability to form ions.
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, in below given ways, periodic table helps in explaining the reason of bonding.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound. Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond.
Because sodium and chlorine have the opposing charges and reactivities required to create an ionic bond, they bind to make table salt. The periodic table can help us comprehend this bonding process by revealing the amount of electrons in each element's outermost shell, which governs their reactivity and capacity to generate ions.
Therefore, in above ways, periodic table helps in explaining the reason of bonding.
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what is the nuclear binding energy per mole if the mass defect of a certain isotope is 0.1172 u per atom or 0.1172 g per mol? express your answer in joules. remember to use self-consistent units.
4.447 x10^13 J is the nuclear binding energy per mole if the mass defect of a certain isotope is 0.1172 u per atom or 0.1172 g per mol? express your answer in joules.
BE = dleta mc^2.
Given that, delta m = mass defect = 0.4941 g per mol = 0.4941/1000 kg/mol c = 3x10^8 m/s
BE = ( 0.4941/1000) x (3x10^8)^2= 4.4469 x10^13
= 4.447 x10^13 J
Nuclear binding energy is energy required to completely separate an atomic nucleus in with its constituting protons and neutrons, or the energy freed by combining protons and neutrons into a single nucleus. Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but number of protons. They have nearly identical chemical composition but differ in volume and thus in physicochemical parameters.
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How can we increase a pulley's output force?
Answer:
Two ways is by reducing the mass of the pulley we can increase its efficiency and by applying more force than usual
Explanation:
calculate the volume in liters of a mm silver(ii) oxide solution that contains of silver(ii) oxide . round your answer to significant digits.
The volume of the solution is 1.84 × [tex]10^{4}[/tex] L.
The formula used to get the molarity of the solution is used to determine the volume of the solution:
Molarity= [tex]\frac{Mass of the solute}{molar mass of solute * Volume of solution(in L)}[/tex]
We are given:
Molarity of solution = 8.75 × [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] M
Given the mass of silver (II) oxide = 200 g
Molar mass of silver (II) oxide = 124 g/mol
Put the values in the formula:
8.75 × [tex]10^{-5}[/tex][tex]10^{-5}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{200}{124* Volume}[/tex]
Volume= 1.84 × [tex]10^{4}[/tex] M
A chemical species' concentration in a solution, specifically the amount of a solute per unit volume of solution, is measured by its molar concentration. The most used molarity unit in chemistry is the number of moles per liter, denoted by the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units.
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Predict the products and balance the equation.
NaCl (aq) + KNO₂ (aq) →
Sodium chloride is produced and used in the production of polyester, paper, rubber, glass, chlorine, household bleach, soaps, detergents, and dyes.
Is salt the same as sodium chloride?Chemically speaking, salt is a combination of chloride and sodium. Actually, the element that is most harmful to your health is sodium. (Therefore, the chloride is what gives food its "salty" flavor.).
Why do doctors administer sodium chloride to patients?To replace salt and water that have been lost from your body as a result of specific conditions, sodium chloride 23.4% injection is employed (eg, hyponatremia or low salt syndrome). Additionally, it is added to IV fluids that contain carbohydrates and parenteral nutrition total (TPN).
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is a chemist has 1.87 moles of na2o and causes it to decompose into its constitiuent elemtns how many moles of na will form
3.74 moles of Na will be produced after the decomposition of Na₂O.
The decomposition reaction of Na2 is as follows:
2Na₂o → 4Na + o₂
Given, moles of Na₂o = 1.87
From stoichiometric coefficient 2 in Na₂o, after decomposition we get coefficient as 4 of Na. That means the yield of Na is double the reactant.
Hence, the moles of Na after decomposition= 2 x 1.87 = 3.74 moles
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Choose the exothermic reaction that is used to ignite the Mg + Oxygen reaction (step 2) that eventually lights the thermite.
2 H2 + O2 ----> 2 H2O
2 Na + O2 ----> Na2O
CH4 + 2 O2 ----> 2 H2O + CO2
2 C4H10 + 13 O2 ----> 8 CO2 + 5 H2O
The reaction that can light the thermite is the combination of methane and oxygen. Option C
What is an ignition reaction?There is an ignition reaction when we burn a substance in another substance. Now, we know that an exothermic reaction refers to the kind of reaction hat is able to produce heat.
Since the exothermic reaction can be able to produce heat, this is the reaction that we can use to light the reaction between the magnesium and the oxygen so that we can be able to light the thermite.
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when 2.16g of h2 reacts with excess o2 by the following equation, 258kj of heat are released. what is the change of enthalpy associated with the reaction of 1.00mol of hydrogen gas?
when 2.16g of h2 reacts with excess o2 by the following equation, 258kj of heat are released. the change of enthalpy associated with the reaction of 1.00mol of hydrogen gas is -241 KJ
Molar mass of H2 = 2.016 g/mol,mass(H2)= 2.16 g
use:number of mol of H2,n = mass of H2/molar mass of H2=(2.16 g)/(2.016 g/mol) = 1.071 mol
For 1.071 mol of H2, heat released = 258 KJ So,
for 1 mol, heat released = 258/1.071 KJ = 241 KJ
Since this is heat released, sign will be negative
Answer: -241 KJ. The amount of energy progressed or subsumed in a reaction at constant pressure is referred to as enthalpy change. It is represented by the symbol ΔH, read as "delta H". It should be noted that the term "enthalpy change" only pertains to reactions performed at constant pressure. As a result, if a reaction emits more electricity than it absorbs, the reaction is exothermic, and the enthalpy is negative. Consider this as a quantity of heat departing (or being deducted from) the reaction.
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a brittle white crystalline solid has a melting point of 760 c and reacts when added to water. this substance is most likely what type of solid
A brittle white crystalline solid reacts with when added to water is Quartz. It is a metamorphic solid.
Quartz is the most abundant silica mineral. Pure Quartz is colorless and transparent. It occurs in most igneous and practically all metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. It is used as a component of numerous industrial materials. Silicon (Si) has the atomic number 14 and is closely related to carbon. It is a relatively inert metalloid. Silicon is often used for microchips, glass, cement, and pottery. Silica is the most abundant mineral found in the crust of the earth. One of the most common uses of silica quarts is the manufacturer of glass. Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in the Earth's crust. Its chemical name is SiO2.
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