A gas mixture contains each of the following gases at the indicated partial pressures:
N2= 215 torr
O2= 102 torr
He= 117 torr
a) What is the total pressure of the mixture?
b) What mass of each gas is present in a 1.35 L sample of this mixture at 25.0 C ?

Adding the acid to water is the proper way to dilute chemicals. Begin by measuring the correct volume of acid in a graduated cylinder. Next, pour the acid into a beaker containing the correct volume of water. Finally, stir the solution until it is fully mixed.

Acids are strong chemical compounds. When working with acids, it is important to dilute them in the correct manner to prevent harm to oneself or the surrounding environment.

The correct method of dilution for acids is to add the acid to water, not the other way around. This is because adding water to acid can cause an exothermic reaction that releases heat and may cause the acid to splash and burn you.

When diluting acids, be sure to add the acid to water slowly and stir continuously to prevent splashing and heat generation. Therefore, the correct answer is to add the acid to water.

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For the molecular formula of aspartame, the artificial sweetener marketed as NutraSweet, is [tex]C_{14}H_{18}N_2O_5[/tex],

a. the molar mass of aspartame is 294.30 g/mol.

b. there are 3.40 x [tex]10^{-6}[/tex] moles of aspartame in 1.00 mg of aspartame.

c. there are 2.05 x [tex]10^{18}[/tex] molecules of aspartame in 1.00 mg of aspartame.

d. the total number of hydrogen atoms in 1.00 mg of aspartame is 34 hydrogen atoms.

a. The molar mass of aspartame can be calculated by adding up the atomic masses of all its atoms:

Molar mass of aspartame = (14 x 12.01 g/mol) + (18 x 1.01 g/mol) + (2 x 14.01 g/mol) + (5 x 16.00 g/mol) = 294.30 g/mol

Therefore, the molar mass of aspartame is 294.30 g/mol.

b. The number of moles of aspartame present in 1.00 mg of aspartame can be calculated using the formula:

moles = mass/molar mass

moles = 1.00 mg / 294.30 g/mol = 3.40 x 10^-6 mol

Therefore, there are 3.40 x 10^-6 moles of aspartame in 1.00 mg of aspartame.

c. The number of molecules of aspartame present in 1.00 mg of aspartame can be calculated using Avogadro's number:

number of molecules = moles x Avogadro's number

number of molecules = 3.40 x [tex]10^{-6}[/tex] mol x 6.02 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules/mol = 2.05 x [tex]10^{18}[/tex] molecules

Therefore, there are 2.05 x 10^18 molecules of aspartame in 1.00 mg of aspartame.

d. The number of hydrogen atoms present in 1.00 mg of aspartame can be calculated as follows:

There are 14 carbon atoms in 1.00 mg of aspartame, and each carbon atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms. Therefore, there are 28 hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms.

There are 2 nitrogen atoms in 1.00 mg of aspartame, and each nitrogen atom is bonded to three hydrogen atoms. Therefore, there are 6 hydrogen atoms bonded to nitrogen atoms.

There are 5 oxygen atoms in 1.00 mg of aspartame, and each oxygen atom is not bonded to any hydrogen atoms.

Therefore, the total number of hydrogen atoms in 1.00 mg of aspartame is 28 + 6 + 0 = 34 hydrogen atoms.

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Buffers are made from weak conjugate acid-base pairs. In part 1 of this experiment, a solution of weak acid is mixed with another solution of weak acid to which the strong base NaOH has been added.

What is a buffer?

A buffer is a solution that can resist changes in pH when acid or base is added. They are used to keep the pH of solutions stable in various chemical and biological systems, including industrial processes, drugs, and the human body. A buffer is a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.The following are the features of a buffer:It is a solution that resists changes in pH.It consists of a weak acid and its corresponding base.The buffering effect is maximized when the ratio of weak acid to its corresponding base is 1:1.A buffer resists pH changes in either direction, and it has a maximum buffering capacity when pH is within one unit of its pKa. The buffering capacity of the solution is increased by increasing the buffer concentration.

A weak acid is one that only partially dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+) and anions. Its conjugate base is the species that results from the removal of a proton from the acid. As an example, ammonia (NH3) is a weak base, and its conjugate acid is ammonium (NH4+). The reverse reaction produces the acid and base when the acid is added to water.

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The statement that best identify the main idea of the article are, A and C

A) Fingerprints are still the most accurate way to identify a person.

C) Biometric features are slightly different in everyone.

The article seems to focus on biometric technology and the different ways it can be used for identification, security, and health purposes.

It explains that fingerprints remain the most accurate way to identify a person, but also discusses the unique features of other biometric identifiers such as facial recognition and blood vessels.

Lastly, the article emphasizes the importance of recognizing that biometric features are unique to each individual.

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AgCl is more likely to dissolve in water when ammonia (NH3) is present. This is due to the fact that ammonia and AgCl may combine to create the water-soluble complex ion, Ag(NH3)2+.

At 25°C, the solubility of AgCl in water is 0.0020 g of AgCl per litre of H2OS.

AgCl dissolves in NH3 at a rate of 14.00 g per kilogramme of NH3 when the temperature is 25°C. Due to the production of the soluble stable complex [AgNH32]+, AgCl is more soluble in NH3. Since oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen, ammonia is less polar than water.

AgCl is well known to be insoluble in water whereas NaCl and KCl are soluble in the pedagogical literature: implementations of Elementary studies of both qualitative and quantitative analysis make this distinction.

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The correct equation to calculate the mass, in grams, of sodium in 1.5 grams of sodium chloride is: C. 1.5 g NaCI X mol NaCI / 58.44 g NaCI X mol Na / mol NaCI X 22.99 g Na / mol Na.

To break it down, this equation is:

1.5 g (grams) of Sodium Chloride (NaCI) multiplied by the molar mass of Sodium Chloride (mol NaCI) divided by 58.44 g (grams) of Sodium Chloride multiplied by the moles of Sodium (mol Na) divided by the moles of Sodium Chloride (mol NaCI) multiplied by the molar mass of Sodium (22.99 g Na) divided by the moles of Sodium (mol Na).

In other words, the equation is:

Mass in gm (Na) = 1.5 g (NaCI) × (mol NaCI/58.44 g (NaCI)) × (mol Na/mol NaCI) × (22.99 g (Na)/mol Na).

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Highest boiling point compound is CBr4. The compound which has lowest freezing point is F2. The compound which has lowest vapor pressure is CH3CH2OH. The compound which has greatest viscosity is H2O2.

The boiling point of a substance is directly related to the strength of the intermolecular forces between the particles of the substance. The compound with the highest boiling point in this group is CBr4 because of its stronger London dispersion forces.
The freezing point of a substance is directly related to the strength of the intermolecular forces between the particles of the substance. A covalent compound has weak van der Waal forces between its particles, and the smaller the particle, the weaker the van der Waal force. F2 has the smallest particle size and therefore the lowest freezing point.c. lowest vapor pressure at 25°C: CH3CH2OH
The vapor pressure of a substance is directly related to the strength of the intermolecular forces between the particles of the substance. The compound with the lowest vapor pressure at 25°C. is CH3CH2OH.

The compound with greatest viscosity: H2O2. Viscosity is a measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. The greater the viscosity, the greater the resistance to flow.
Enthalpy of vaporization is the amount of energy required to vaporize a unit quantity of a substance. The enthalpy of vaporization is related to the strength of the intermolecular forces between the particles of the substance. The compound with smallest enthalpy of fusion is I2.
The enthalpy of fusion is the amount of energy required to melt a unit quantity of a substance. I2 has the weakest intermolecular forces and therefore the smallest enthalpy of fusion.

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The balanced chemical formula for the given scenario is 2{\rm NO}_2(g)\ +\ O_2(g)\ +\ 2H_2O(l)\ \rightarrow\ 2H{\rm NO}_3(aq)

To write the chemical formula for the given scenario, it is necessary to balance the chemical reaction equation by following the law of conservation of mass.

Nitric acid is a component of acid rain. Acid rain is caused by air pollution, and it occurs when the nitrogen dioxide pollutant \left({\rm NO}_2\right) reacts with gaseous oxygen  \left(O_2\right) and liquid water  \left(H_2O\right) to form aqueous nitric acid (HNO3).The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

2{\rm NO}_2(g)\ +\ O_2(g)\ +\ 2H_2O(l)\ \rightarrow\ 2H{\rm NO}_3(aq)

The balanced equation states that two molecules of nitrogen dioxide gas react with one molecule of oxygen gas and two molecules of liquid water to produce two molecules of aqueous nitric acid. The coefficients ensure that the equation is balanced according to the law of conservation of mass.

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For the first unknown concentration with an absorbance of 1.72, the concentration will be, c = 1.72/(ɛ × b). For the second unknown concentration with an absorbance of 0.75, the concentration will be: c = 0.75/(ɛ × b).

Beer lambert's law states that the concentration of a solution is directly proportional to the absorbance of a solution. Mathematically, Beer's Law: A = εlc

where, A is absorbance, ε is the molar absorptivity, l is the path length, and c is the concentration.

We can rewrite the equation as, c = A / εl

where, c is the concentration, A is the absorbance, ε is the molar absorptivity, and l is the path length.

We have two absorbance values, which we will use to determine the concentration of the unknowns. Let's substitute the given values into the equation to determine the concentration of the first unknown.

where, c₁ = A₁ / εlc₁ = 1.72 / εl (1)

Now, let's substitute the second absorbance value to determine the concentration of the second unknown.

c₂ = A₂ / εlc₂ = 0.75 / εl(2)

The concentrations of the unknowns are c₁ and c₂, which we have expressed in terms of the concentration of the solution. The total concentration of the solution is not provided. Thus, we cannot determine the concentration of the unknown solutions.

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The best material for insulation in this case would be Styrofoam. Styrofoam is lightweight, strong, and an excellent thermal insulator. It is composed of tiny bubbles of air that are suspended in a matrix of plastic. The air trapped inside the bubbles acts as a thermal barrier, keeping heat out or in, depending on the application.

Its lightweight nature makes it easier to manipulate, while its strength gives it the durability needed to keep a drink hot or cold. Its insulation properties also make it the perfect material for the student's insulated drink cup.

Styrofoam can be cut and shaped easily, making it a great material for use in drink cups. The material is also easy to clean and resistant to water and other liquids, which makes it ideal for frequent use. Additionally, Styrofoam is both affordable and widely available, making it an ideal choice for the student's project.

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A calorie is the commonly used unit of chemical energy. it is also the unit of energy used to measure the energy content of food.

Calorie (or kilocalorie) is a unit of measurement used to measure the energy content of food. It is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius.

One calorie is equal to the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.

Energy is a fundamental property of matter that can take many forms, such as electrical, thermal, chemical, nuclear, and mechanical energy.

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Le Chatelier's principle predicts that when a stress or change is added to a system at equilibrium, the system will adjust in order to counteract the stress or change. The principle can be used to describe the shift in the direction of the chemical equilibrium in response to changes in pressure, temperature, or concentration.

Le Chatelier's principle states that when the temperature is increased, the equilibrium system will absorb the heat by shifting the equilibrium position in the direction that uses up the heat energy. If heat is a product of the reaction, the equilibrium will shift to the left. If heat is a reactant, the equilibrium will shift to the right.

Here, in the case of the reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen to create ammonia:

N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇌ 2NH₃(g), ∆H = −92 kJ/mol

The reaction produces heat, therefore the reaction is exothermic. An increase in temperature will cause a shift in equilibrium to the left, as the reaction will try to use up the excess heat. This means that the reaction will reduce the amount of NH₃ in the system, leading to a decrease in the concentration of NH₃.

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The best examples of foods within the protein group that can also increase intake of unsaturated fats are salmon, nuts, seeds, legumes. The correct option is (c).

Protein is a vital macro nutrient that is required to build and repair tissues, produce enzymes and hormones, and maintain healthy muscles and bones. Unhealthy fats can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other chronic health problems. A diet that contains a good balance of carbohydrates, protein, and healthy fats is recommended for overall health and well-being. Unsaturated fats are a type of healthy fat that can improve heart health by reducing bad cholesterol levels and increasing good cholesterol levels.

Foods that are high in protein and unsaturated fats are ideal for promoting overall health and wellness. Salmon is a good source of protein and contains omega-3 fatty acids, which are a type of unsaturated fat that can reduce inflammation and improve brain function. Nuts and seeds are high in protein and also contain healthy fats that can help reduce the risk of heart disease and other chronic health problems. Legumes, such as lentils, beans, and chickpeas, are high in protein and fiber and also contain healthy fats that can help improve heart health.In conclusion, salmon, nuts, seeds, and legumes are the best examples of foods within the protein group that can also increase intake of unsaturated fats.

Therefore, Salmon, nuts, seeds, and legumes are the best examples of protein-rich meals that can also enhance unsaturated fat intake. The right option is (c).

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The main difference between a saturated solution and a supersaturated solution is concentration of the solute.

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved under the given conditions, while a supersaturated solution contains more solute than is normally possible. A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. In a saturated solution, the concentration of solute is in equilibrium with the concentration of undissolved solute, which is in dynamic equilibrium with the dissolved solute. A supersaturated solution, on the other hand, is a solution that contains more solute than is normally possible to dissolve in the solvent under the given conditions.

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The best thing to do with unused chemicals is to dispose of them as instructed on the safety sheet. This may involve returning the chemicals to their original containers or throwing them away with the regular trash. Never dump unused chemicals down the sink, as this could be hazardous to the environment and to your health.
Unused chemicals should be disposed of as instructed on the safety sheet. It is important to dispose of chemicals in a safe and responsible manner to avoid harm to the environment and human health.

What are chemicals?

Chemicals are substances that are made up of molecules, which are made up of atoms. Chemicals can be found in nature or synthesized by humans. Chemicals have a wide range of uses, from pharmaceuticals to household cleaning products.

Why should you dispose of unused chemicals as instructed on the safety sheet?

Unused chemicals can pose a hazard if they are not disposed of correctly. Many chemicals are hazardous and can be dangerous to human health and the environment if they are not disposed of properly. Chemicals that are poured down the drain or thrown in the trash can contaminate the environment and cause harm to animals and humans. Examples of hazardous chemicals are corrosive, flammable, reactive, and toxic. It is essential to follow the safety sheet's instructions on how to dispose of unused chemicals to protect the environment and human health. In addition, it is important to ensure that unused chemicals are not mixed with other chemicals, as this can cause a dangerous reaction.

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The pressure of the gas sample is 825 mm Hg.

In an open manometer, the pressure of the gas sample can be determined by measuring the difference in height of the mercury levels in the two arms of the manometer. The pressure of the gas sample is equal to the difference in height between the two mercury levels, plus the atmospheric pressure.

In this case, the mercury level in the arm connected to the gas is 45 mm Hg higher than in the arm connected to the atmosphere. This means that the pressure of the gas sample is 45 mm Hg higher than the atmospheric pressure.

So, the pressure of the gas sample can be calculated as:

Pressure of gas sample = atmospheric pressure + height difference between the two mercury levels

Pressure of gas sample = 780 mm Hg + 45 mm Hg

Pressure of gas sample = 825 mm Hg

Therefore, the pressure of the gas sample is 825 mm Hg.

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10.0 mL of 0.200 M NaOH is required to neutralize 20.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl.

To calculate the milliliters of 0.200 M NaOH that are required to neutralize 20.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl, the following steps are used:

Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation 2 NaOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)

Step 2: Determine the number of moles of the HCl solution: Concentration = 0.100 MVolume = 20.0 molarity = moles / LTherefore, Moles of HCl = (0.100 mol/L) × (20.0 mL / 1000 mL/L) = 0.00200 moles of HCl

Step 3: Determine the number of moles of NaOH needed to neutralize the HCl.The balanced equation shows that one mole of NaOH reacts with one mole of HCl.Therefore, Moles of NaOH = Moles of HCl = 0.00200 moles of NaOH

Step 4: Determine the volume of NaOH needed to reach the moles of NaOH needed to neutralize the HCl.Concentration = 0.200 MVolume = ?Molarity = moles / LTherefore, Volume = Moles / Molarity = 0.00200 moles / 0.200 M = 0.0100 L = 10.0 mL.

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A liquid-gas system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing vapor from the system (at constant temperature). The correct statements for the vapor pressure regarding this situation are A, B, and D.

A. Adding vapor will cause a temporary increase in vapor pressure: When the vapor is added to the system, the total vapor pressure increases, and the vapor pressure in the system is greater than the original equilibrium vapor pressure until the system re-equilibrates.

B. Adding or removing vapor will result in a new equilibrium vapor pressure: The equilibrium vapor pressure will be affected by the addition or removal of vapor. When the vapor is added or removed, the system must reach a new equilibrium between the vapor and liquid phases before the vapor pressure returns to the original equilibrium value.

D. Removing vapor will cause a temporary increase in the rate of condensation: When the vapor is removed from the system, the total vapor pressure decreases, and the rate of condensation of the liquid phase will increase until the system re-equilibrates.

Statement C. when equilibrium is re-established after a disturbance in a liquid-gas system, the vapor pressure will be the same: is incorrect. When a system is disturbed by adding or removing vapor, the new equilibrium vapor pressure is different from the original equilibrium vapor pressure.

Therefore, the correct statements for the vapor pressure of the system are A, B, and D.

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The free moving charged particles in a Carbon electrode made of electrode are electrons.

An electrode is a substance that conducts electricity, which means it allows electric charges to travel through it. During electrolysis, an electrode is used to provide an electric current for the reduction and oxidation reactions that take place.

A carbon electrode is a type of electrode that is made of carbon. Carbon electrodes are commonly used in batteries and fuel cells because they are lightweight and can easily conduct electricity.

Electrons are free moving charged particles in a carbon electrode made of electrode. Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. They are found in the outer shells of atoms and can move freely from one atom to another when they are excited by an electric current.

When an electric current is passed through a carbon electrode, the electrons in the outer shells of the carbon atoms are excited and become free moving charged particles. This allows the carbon electrode to conduct electricity and to participate in reduction and oxidation reactions during electrolysis.

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The correct option is dissolving ammonium nitrate in water to cool the water.

Among the given options, the example of an exothermic reaction is dissolving ammonium nitrate in water to cool the water.

Exothermic reactions are chemical reactions that release heat energy into the surroundings. As a result, the products have less energy than the reactants. Dissolving ammonium nitrate in water to cool the water is a good example of an exothermic reaction because it releases heat energy and cools down the surrounding water.

When ammonium nitrate dissolves in water, it releases heat, causing the temperature of the water to decrease. The reaction is exothermic because it releases heat to the surroundings. Dissolving sugar in water and melting ice are examples of endothermic reactions because they absorb heat energy from the surroundings.

Therefore, the correct answer is the option of dissolving ammonium nitrate in water to cool the water.

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The chemical formula [tex]Al_2SiO_5[/tex] can form the three minerals, andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite under different combinations of temperature and pressure conditions. Option D is correct.

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When 1.00 kcal of heat is applied, the water sample's final temperature is T = 50.0°C + 40.0°C = 90.0°C.

The amount of energy required to raise a substance's temperature is measured in terms of specific heat. It is the amount of energy (measured in joules) required to increase a substance's temperature by one degree Celsius per gram.

We must first determine the water sample's original temperature. The formula is as follows:

Q = mcΔT

Inputting the values provided yields:

700.00 cal = 25.0 g x 1.00 cal/g °C x (50°C - 22.0°C)

When we simplify this equation, we obtain:

ΔT = 700.00 cal / (25.0 g x 1.00 cal/g °C) = 28.0°C

Therefore, the initial temperature of the water sample is 22.0°C + 28.0°C = 50.0°C.

Inputting the values provided yields:

1.00 kcal = 25.0 g x 1.00 cal/g °C x (T - 50.0°C)

When we simplify this equation, we obtain:

T - 50.0°C = 1.00 kcal / (25.0 g x 1.00 cal/g °C) = 40.0°C

Therefore, When 1.00 kcal of heat is applied, the water sample's final temperature is T = 50.0°C + 40.0°C = 90.0°C.

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There are the presence of atoms on eight corners of the face centered cubic lattice.

Void spaces are called as the gaps that lie within certain constituent particles. These void spaces are highly packed and they can be packed in 1D, 2D, or 3D. Such complexes are seen in many complexes such as coordination complexes. The face-centered cubic lattice which is called FCC is described as the arrangement in which there is an arrangement of atoms at corners as well as at the center of cell's each cube face. There is the presence of four atoms in one unit cell in such lattices. This is a cube with an atom on each corner and each face. It has atoms at each corner of the cube and six atoms at each face of the cube.

a= 5.01°A on each side.

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The complete question is,

In modeling solid-state structures, atoms and ions are most often modeled as spheres. A structure build using spheres will have some empty, or void, space in it. A measure of void space in a particular structure is the packing efficiency, defined as the volume occupied by the spheres divided by the total volume of the structure.

Given that a solid crystallizes in a face centered cubic structure that is 5.01 A on each side.

How many total atoms are there in each unit cell?

No, during a course of reaction, multiple activated complexes can be formed for a particular type of reaction. An activated complex is a short-lived, high-energy intermediate state that occurs during a chemical reaction.

Energy is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the capacity of a physical system to do work or produce a change. It is a property of matter and radiation and can be converted from one form to another. There are various types of energy, including kinetic energy (energy of motion), potential energy (energy due to position or configuration), thermal energy (energy due to the temperature of a system), chemical energy (energy stored in the bonds between atoms and molecules), and nuclear energy (energy stored in the nucleus of an atom). The unit of energy is the joule (J) in the SI system.

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The correct option is 'A' 12.5 mL of the minimum volume of 2.00 M NaOH needed to reach a pH of 10.00.

To reach a pH of 10.00, what is the minimum volume of 2.00 M NaOH needed to titrate 50.0 mL of a 1.00 M solution of a diprotic acid [tex]H_2A[/tex], where [tex]Ka_1[/tex] = 1.0 × [tex]10^-^6[/tex] and [tex]Ka_2[/tex] = [tex]10^-^1^0[/tex].

The reaction can be written as:

[tex]H_2A[/tex](aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) → [tex]Na_2A[/tex](aq) + 2 [tex]H_2O[/tex]

(l)In this diprotic acid, there are two stages of dissociation:

Therefore, the dissociation constant can be calculated as follows:

Ka1 = [H+][HA-] / [[tex]H_2A[/tex]]

     = 1.0 × [tex]10^-^6[/tex]

Ka2 = [H+][[tex]A^2^-[/tex]] / [HA-]

      = [tex]10^-^1^0[/tex]

The number of moles of the [tex]H_2A[/tex] solution = 50.0 mL * 1.00 M = 0.050 moles.

Since NaOH is a strong base, the number of moles of OH- ions in 1.00 M solution = 2 * 1.00 = 2.00 M.

The total number of moles of OH- ions that can react with 0.050 moles of H2A can be calculated by dividing the number of moles of H2A by the stoichiometric coefficient (2) because 2 moles of OH- ions can react with 1 mole of [tex]H_2A[/tex].

0.050 / 2 = 0.025 moles of OH- ions, which are available to react.

To react completely, 0.025 moles of OH- ions require 0.025 * 50 = 1.25 mL of 2.00 M NaOH.

Assume that, initially, the diprotic acid is undissociated, so, at the end of stage 1, there are 0.025 moles of [tex]H_2A[/tex] and 0.025 moles of H+ ions.

Using the Ka1 value, it can be calculated that:

[H+][HA-] / [[tex]H_2A[/tex]] = 1.0 × [tex]10^-^6[/tex]

[H+][0.025] / [0.025] = 1.0 × [tex]10^-^6[/tex]

[H+] = [tex]10^-^8[/tex]

The number of moles of NaOH required to react with [tex]H^+[/tex] ions can be calculated by dividing the concentration of NaOH by the volume of the solution.

2.00 M NaOH * V = [tex]10^-^8[/tex] moles of [tex]H^+[/tex] ions

V = 5.00 × [tex]10^-^9[/tex]mL

This is the minimum amount of NaOH required to react with [tex]H^+[/tex] ions.

So, the total amount of NaOH required to reach a pH of 10.00 is 1.25 mL + 5.00 × [tex]10^-^9[/tex] mL = 1.25 mL

Therefore, the minimum volume of 2.00 M NaOH required to reach a pH of 10.00 is 12.5 mL.

[tex]H^+[/tex]

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Answer:

The valency of an element refers to the number of electrons an atom can gain, lose or share to attain a stable configuration.

Aluminum (Al) is a metal with an atomic number of 13, which means it has 13 electrons in its neutral state. In its outermost shell, aluminum has three valence electrons.

To attain a stable electronic configuration, aluminum can lose these three valence electrons to become a cation with a 3+ charge (Al3+). By losing these electrons, the outermost shell of the aluminum atom becomes completely filled with eight electrons, which is a stable configuration.

Therefore, the valency of aluminum is 3 because it can lose three electrons to form a stable cation with a 3+ charge.

Explanation:

Answer:

The valency of an element refers to the number of electrons an atom can gain, lose or share to attain a stable configuration.

Aluminum (Al) is a metal with an atomic number of 13, which means it has 13 electrons in its neutral state. In its outermost shell, aluminum has three valence electrons.

To attain a stable electronic configuration, aluminum can lose these three valence electrons to become a cation with a 3+ charge (Al3+). By losing these electrons, the outermost shell of the aluminum atom becomes completely filled with eight electrons, which is a stable configuration.

Therefore, the valency of aluminum is 3 because it can lose three electrons to form a stable cation with a 3+ charge.

Explanation: